【读书笔记】机器学习实战-2.2节

机器学习实战

第二章

2.2节 KNN约会配对

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from numpy import *
import operator
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def createDataSet():
    group = array([[1.0,1.1],[1.0,1.0],[0,0],[0,0.1]])
    labels = ['A','A','B','B']
    return group ,labels

def classify0( inX,dataSet,labels,k ):                 # 待判定输入，训练样本，样本标签，kNN中k的取值
    dataSetSize = dataSet.shape[0]                      # shape 返回矩阵的维度
    diffMat = tile(inX, (dataSetSize, 1)) - dataSet     # tile(a,b)：将a重复b次
    saDiffMat = diffMat**2                              # 运算符模块：** 平方
    sqDistances = saDiffMat.sum(axis=1)                 # axis=1： array按行求和   axis=0：array按列求和
    distances = sqDistances**0.5
    sortedDistIndicies = distances.argsort()            # 返回数组值从大到小的索引值
    classCount = {}
    for i in range(k):
        voteIlabel  = labels[sortedDistIndicies[i]]
        classCount[voteIlabel] = classCount.get(voteIlabel, 0) + 1   # dic.get()  访问不存在的键时，自动添加并设值为默认值
    sortedClassCount = sorted(classCount.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)  # dic.iteritems() :迭代器函数  operator.itemgetter()：获取对象的指定域的值  key:进行比较的关键字
    return sortedClassCount[0][0]

def file2matrix(filename):
    fr = open(filename)
    arrayOLines = fr.readlines()                        # 将文件全部读入字符串列表,每个字符串为一行
    numberOfLines = len(arrayOLines)
    returnMat = zeros((numberOfLines,3))                # numpy.zeros() 创建零矩阵
    classLabelVector = []
    index = 0
    for line in arrayOLines:
        line = line.strip()                             # 除去两边的空格
        listFromLine = line.split('\t')                 # '\t' = Tab  split:拆解字符串
        returnMat[index ,:] = listFromLine[0:3]
        classLabelVector.append(int(listFromLine[-1]))  # 列表添加元素
        index += 1
    return returnMat, classLabelVector

def autoNorm(dataSet):
    minVals = dataSet.min(0)    # numpy.array.min(0) 返回每列的最小值
    maxVals = dataSet.max(0)    # numpy.array.max(0) 返回每列的最大值
    ranges = maxVals - minVals
    # normDataSet = zeros(dataSet.shape)  # 利用shape属性，建同样大小的矩阵
    m = dataSet.shape[0]
    normDataSet = dataSet - tile(minVals, (m, 1))   # array全部减去最小值
    normDataSet = normDataSet/tile(ranges, (m, 1))  # array全部除去范围值
    return normDataSet, ranges, minVals


def datingClassTest():
    hoRatio = 0.1                 # 测试样例比例
    datingDataMat, datingLabels = file2matrix('datingTestSet2.txt')
    normMat, ranges, minVals = autoNorm(datingDataMat)
    m = normMat.shape[0]
    numTestVecs = int(m*hoRatio)  # 测试数据集
    errorCount = 0.0
    for i in range(numTestVecs):
        classifierResult = classify0(normMat[i,:], normMat[numTestVecs:m, :], datingLabels[numTestVecs:m],3)
        print "the classifier came back with: %d,the real answer is:%d" %(classifierResult, datingLabels[i])
        if(classifierResult != datingLabels[i]):
            errorCount += 1.0
    print "the total error rate is :%f" %(errorCount/float(numTestVecs))

def classifyPerson():
    resultList = ['not at all ','in small doses ','in large doses ']
    percetTates = float(raw_input('percent of time spent playing video game?'))
    ffMiles = float(raw_input('frequent flier miles earned per year?'))
    iceCream = float(raw_input('liters of ice cream consumed per year?'))
    datingDataMat,datingLabels = file2matrix('datingTestSet2.txt')
    normMat, ranges, minVals = autoNorm(datingDataMat)
    inArr = array([ffMiles,percetTates,iceCream]) # 构建分类目标array
    inArr = (inArr-minVals)/ranges
    classifierResult = classify0(inArr, normMat,datingLabels,3)
    print 'you will like this person:',resultList[classifierResult-1]


classifyPerson()
#datingClassTest()

#datingDataMat,datingLabels = file2matrix('datingTestSet2.txt')

#normMat,ranges,minVals = autoNorm(datingDataMat)


#fig = plt.figure()
#ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
#ax.scatter(datingDataMat[:, 0], datingDataMat[:, 1], 15.0*array(datingLabels),15.0*array(datingLabels))  # 利用标签属性标记
# fig.show() 显示后自动退出
#plt.show()  #显示不退出

#group,labels = createDataSet()
#result = classify0([0,0],group,labels,3)
#pass