data science cs109 homework1

1.python及其第三方库的引入

python和pip的安装会出现各种错误，在安装python之前一定要安装openssl、openssl-devel、libxml，libxml-devel,然后才能以此安装setuptools和pip，pip是python的管理器，能够自动下载安装很多python第三方包，非常方便。
小编捣鼓了好几天，事实证明，python3还不是很成熟，第三方包非常难安装，一直会出错，最好还是使用python2.7来学习机器学习
data science的老师在homework中给出了详细的需要下载的第三方库的列表：

#IPython is what you are using now to run the notebook
import IPython
print "IPython version:      %6.6s (need at least 1.0)" % IPython.__version__

# Numpy is a library for working with Arrays
import numpy as np
print "Numpy version:        %6.6s (need at least 1.7.1)" % np.__version__

# SciPy implements many different numerical algorithms
import scipy as sp
print "SciPy version:        %6.6s (need at least 0.12.0)" % sp.__version__

# Pandas makes working with data tables easier
import pandas as pd
print "Pandas version:       %6.6s (need at least 0.11.0)" % pd.__version__

# Module for plotting
import matplotlib
print "Mapltolib version:    %6.6s (need at least 1.2.1)" % matplotlib.__version__

# SciKit Learn implements several Machine Learning algorithms
import sklearn
print "Scikit-Learn version: %6.6s (need at least 0.13.1)" % sklearn.__version__

# Requests is a library for getting data from the Web
import requests
print "requests version:     %6.6s (need at least 1.2.3)" % requests.__version__

# Networkx is a library for working with networks
import networkx as nx
print "NetworkX version:     %6.6s (need at least 1.7)" % nx.__version__

#BeautifulSoup is a library to parse HTML and XML documents
import BeautifulSoup
print "BeautifulSoup version:%6.6s (need at least 3.2)" % BeautifulSoup.__version__

#MrJob is a library to run map reduce jobs on Amazon's computers
import mrjob
print "Mr Job version:       %6.6s (need at least 0.4)" % mrjob.__version__

#Pattern has lots of tools for working with data from the internet
import pattern
print "Pattern version:      %6.6s (need at least 2.6)" % pattern.__version__

(1)这里面matplotlib安装出现了很多问题，其中matplotlib安装必须依赖freetype、pnglib，还有yum install gcc-c++
(2)pandas安装需要依赖 yum install cython，安装起来会死机，还不知道为什么
（3）beautiful4就是bs4啊啊
（4）pattern安装时候报错，问题出在setup.py中的print是Python2.x版本的，而python是3.x版本的，需要将setup.py文件中所有的print换为print();

此上是我总结的血泪史，感觉错误的关键是版本的不匹配，由于我对linux不是很熟悉，所以只能慢慢摸索了，好在在自己的电脑上成功的安装了所有的第三方包，实验室的还有其他奇葩的错误，再接再厉，那么下面开始简单的代码吧。

2.代码例子

#this line prepares IPython for working with matplotlib
%matplotlib inline  

# this actually imports matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  

x = np.linspace(0, 10, 30)  #array of 30 points from 0 to 10
y = np.sin(x)
z = y + np.random.normal(size=30) * .2
plt.plot(x, y, 'ro-', label='A sine wave')
plt.plot(x, z, 'b-', label='Noisy sine')
plt.legend(loc = 'lower right')
plt.xlabel("X axis")
plt.ylabel("Y axis")  

问题：
（1）No module named _tkinter
解决方案：
安装tck-devel、tk-devel，重新编译python
（2）no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable
解决方案：
在文件头添加implotlib.use()
或者import matplotlib >>> matplotlib.matplotlib_fname() # This is the file location in Ubuntu ‘/etc/matplotlibrc’
找到matplotlibrc之后，将backend从tkAGG修改为AGG
上面的方法会导致show函数不能显示图像，解决的根本方法还不知道，但是后续会继续寻找方法
（3）libpng16.so.16: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@root python]
解决方案：