C++(3)_异质链表

终于考完了万恶的期末考，有时间把落下的blog更一下

异质链表

异质链表means链表内节点类型可以不是同一种。
下面放上课程作业（一个小型的学校信息管理系统）中成员类型定义的.h文件。
其中有一个抽象节点（Node）基类Person类，其它类都在此基础上继承；
故在链表（HeterList）类中，定义链表头指针时，只需要将头指针定义为基类类型即可通过该头指针指向其继承类。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

//友元类需要事先声明
class HeterList;

/*
*节点类，各类class的定义
*/
//抽象基类 Person
class Person
{
    friend class HeterList;

public:
    //构造函数
    //Person():_name(""),_sex('M'),_age(0),_IDnumber(""),_next(NULL){}

    Person(char *name, char sex, int age, char *IDnumber)
    :_sex(sex),_age(age),_next(NULL)
    {
        strcpy_s(Person::_name, name);
        strcpy_s(Person::_IDnumber, IDnumber);
    }


    //纯虚函数
    virtual void addNode() = 0;     //将对象添加进链表，变成一个节点
    virtual void display() = 0;     //显示信息

    //析构函数
    ~Person() {}

//希望与派生类分享，但不想被其他公共访问的成员
protected:
    char _name[20];
    char _sex;
    int _age;
    char _IDnumber[20];

    static Person *_ptr;    //定义一个指向Person类对象的静态指针
    Person *_next;          //指向下一个节点的指针
};

//教师类
class Teacher:public Person
{
    friend class HeterList;

public:
    //构造函数
    //Teacher():Person(),_fund(0),_major(""),_salary(0){}

    Teacher(char *name, char sex, int age, char *IDnumber, int fund, char *major, int salary)
        :Person(name, sex, age, IDnumber),_fund(fund),_salary(salary)
        {
            strcpy_s(Teacher::_major, major);
        }


    //重写将对象添加进链表函数
    void addNode()
    {
        _ptr = new Teacher(_name, _sex, _age, _IDnumber, _fund, _major, _salary);
    }

    //重写信息显示函数
    void display()
    {
        cout<<"Name："<<_name<<endl;
        cout<<"Sex："<<_sex<<endl;
        cout<<"Age:"<<_age<<endl;
        cout<<"ID NUmber:"<<_IDnumber<<endl;
        cout<<"Job: Teacher"<<endl;
        cout<<"Fund:"<<_fund<<endl;
        cout<<"Major:"<<_major<<endl;
        cout<<"Salary:"<<_salary<<endl;
        cout<<endl;
    }

    //析构函数
    ~Teacher() {}

private:
    int _fund;
    char _major[20];
    int _salary;
};

//职工类
class Stuff:public Person
{
    friend class HeterList;

public:
    //构造函数
    //Stuff():Person(),_department(""),_position(""),_salary(0){}

    Stuff(char *name, char sex, int age, char *IDnumber, char *department, char *position, int salary)
        :Person(name, sex, age, IDnumber),_salary(salary)
    {
        strcpy_s(Stuff::_department, department);
        strcpy_s(Stuff::_position, position);
    }

    void display()
    {
        cout<<"Name："<<_name<<endl;
        cout<<"Sex："<<_sex<<endl;
        cout<<"Age:"<<_age<<endl;
        cout<<"ID NUmber:"<<_IDnumber<<endl;
        cout<<"Job: Stuff"<<endl;
        cout<<"Department:"<<_department<<endl;
        cout<<"Position:"<<_position<<endl;
        cout<<"Salary:"<<_salary<<endl;
        cout<<endl;
    }

    //重写将对象添加进链表函数
    void addNode()
    {
        _ptr = new Stuff(_name, _sex, _age, _IDnumber, _department, _position, _salary);
    }

    //析构函数
    ~Stuff() {}

private:
    char _department[20];
    char _position[20];
    int _salary;
};

//本科生类
class Undergraduate:public Person
{
    friend class HeterList;

public:
    //构造函数
    //Undergraduate():Person(),_gradePoint(0){}

    Undergraduate(char *name, char sex, int age, char *IDnumber, int gradePoint)
        :Person(name, sex, age, IDnumber),_gradePoint(gradePoint){}

    void display()
    {
        cout<<"Name："<<_name<<endl;
        cout<<"Sex："<<_sex<<endl;
        cout<<"Age:"<<_age<<endl;
        cout<<"ID NUmber:"<<_IDnumber<<endl;
        cout<<"Job: Undergraduate"<<endl;
        cout<<"GradePoint:"<<_gradePoint<<endl;
        cout<<endl;
    }

    //重写将对象添加进链表函数
    void addNode()
    {
        _ptr = new Undergraduate(_name, _sex, _age, _IDnumber, _gradePoint);
    }

    //析构函数
    ~Undergraduate() {}

//希望与派生类分享，但不想被其他公共访问的成员
protected:
    int _gradePoint;
};

//全日制研究生类
class FulltimePostgraduate:public Undergraduate
{
    friend class HeterList;
    //friend class Teacher;

public:
    //构造函数
    //FulltimePostgraduate():Undergraduate(),_major(""),_tutor(""){}

    FulltimePostgraduate(char *name, char sex, int age, char *IDnumber, int gradePoint, char *major, char *tutor)
        :Undergraduate(name, sex, age, IDnumber, gradePoint)
    {
        strcpy_s(FulltimePostgraduate::_major, major);
        strcpy_s(FulltimePostgraduate::_tutor, tutor);
    }

    void display()
    {
        cout<<"Name："<<_name<<endl;
        cout<<"Sex："<<_sex<<endl;
        cout<<"Age:"<<_age<<endl;
        cout<<"ID NUmber:"<<_IDnumber<<endl;
        cout<<"Job: FulltimePostgraduate"<<endl;
        cout<<"GradePoint:"<<_gradePoint<<endl;
        cout<<"Major:"<<_major<<endl;
        cout<<"Tutor:"<<_tutor<<endl;
        cout<<endl;
    }

    //重写将对象添加进链表函数
    void addNode()
    {
        _ptr = new FulltimePostgraduate(_name, _sex, _age, _IDnumber, _gradePoint, _major, _tutor);
    }

    //析构函数
    ~FulltimePostgraduate() {}


//希望与派生类分享，但不想被其他公共访问的成员
protected:
    char _major[20];
    char _tutor[20];
};

//在职研究生类
class OnthejobPostgraduate:public FulltimePostgraduate
{
    friend class HeterList;

public:
    //构造函数
    //OnthejobPostgraduate():FulltimePostgraduate(),_salary(0){}

    OnthejobPostgraduate(char *name, char sex, int age, char *IDnumber, int gradePoint, char *major, char *tutor, int salary)
        :FulltimePostgraduate(name, sex, age, IDnumber, gradePoint, major, tutor),_salary(salary){}

    void display()
    {
        cout<<"Name："<<_name<<endl;
        cout<<"Sex："<<_sex<<endl;
        cout<<"Age:"<<_age<<endl;
        cout<<"ID NUmber:"<<_IDnumber<<endl;
        cout<<"Job: FulltimePostgraduate"<<endl;
        cout<<"GradePoint:"<<_gradePoint<<endl;
        cout<<"Major:"<<_major<<endl;
        cout<<"Tutor:"<<_tutor<<endl;
        cout<<"Salary:"<<_salary<<endl;
        cout<<endl;
    }

    //重写将对象添加进链表函数
    void addNode()
    {
        _ptr = new OnthejobPostgraduate(_name, _sex, _age, _IDnumber, _gradePoint, _major, _tutor, _salary);
    }

    //析构函数
    ~OnthejobPostgraduate() {}

//希望与派生类分享，但不想被其他公共访问的成员
protected:
    int _salary;
}; 




//异质链表类
class HeterList
{
public:
    //构造函数
    HeterList():Root(NULL){}

    void InsertNode(Person *node);  //以基类指针为参数，可以接收所有派生类对象的指针
    void SearchNode(char *name);
    void DeleteNode(char *name);
    void UpdateNode(char *name);
    void displayList(); //待改

    //析构函数
    ~HeterList() {}

private:
    Person *Root;   //定义链表头指针
};

void HeterList::InsertNode(Person *node)
{
    //定义两个查找指针
    Person *curr = Root;    //指向当前节点的指针,从Root开始
    Person *prev = NULL;    //指向前一个节点的指针

    //移到链表的最后一个节点
    //如果当前链表没有节点，则curr=Root=NULL
    while( curr != NULL )
    {
        //往后一个节点
        prev = curr;
        curr = curr->_next;
    }

    node->addNode();//有了指向当前对象的指针ptr
    node->_ptr->_next = curr; //插在最后一个前面
    if(prev==NULL)  //当前链表没有节点
    {
        Root = node->_ptr;
    }
    else
    {
        prev->_next = node->_ptr;   
    }

}

void HeterList::SearchNode(char *name)
{
    Person *curr = Root;    //指向当前节点的指针，指向根节点

    while( (curr!=NULL) && (strcmp(curr->_name, name) !=0) )
    {//找到了跳出，或者到头了跳出
        curr = curr->_next;
    }
    if( curr == NULL )
    {//没找到
        cout<<"Can't find this member, please check it again!"<<endl;
    }
    else 
    {
        curr->display();
    }
}

void HeterList::DeleteNode(char *name)
{
    Person *curr = Root;    //指向当前节点的指针，指向根节点
    Person *prev = NULL;    //指向前一个节点的指针

    while( (curr!=NULL) && (strcmp(curr->_name, name) !=0) )
    {//找到了跳出，或者到头了跳出
        prev = curr;
        curr = curr->_next;
    }
    if( (prev==NULL) && (curr!=NULL) )
    {//curr指向的第一个就是，把Root移动
        Root = curr->_next;
        delete curr;
    }
    else if( (prev!=NULL) && (curr!=NULL) )
    {//不是第一个
        prev->_next = curr->_next;
        delete curr;
    }
}

void HeterList::UpdateNode(char *name)
{
    Person *curr = Root;    //指向当前节点的指针，指向根节点
    Person *prev = NULL;    //指向前一个节点的指针

    while( (curr!=NULL) && (strcmp(curr->_name, name) !=0) )
    {//找到了跳出，或者到头了跳出
        prev = curr;
        curr = curr->_next;
    }
    if( curr == NULL )
    {//没找到
        cout<<"Can't find this member, please check it again!"<<endl;
    }
    else
    {//找到了

    }
}

void HeterList::displayList()
{
    Person *curr = Root;
    while(curr != NULL)
    {
        curr->display();
        curr = curr->_next;
    }
}