我与你，一同学Python（PEP 8特别篇）

众所周知，每种语言都有他自己的写作风格，Python也不例外。那今天的特别篇，我就给大家讲解Python写作风格（以下称PEP 8）

1、保留适当的空格。

在PEP 8中，运算符号左右（有特例）、判断符号之后（有特例）、逗号之后（也有特例）、赋值符号之后（还是有特例）、冒号之后加上空格。

>>> #好的写法：
>>> 
>>> a = 10 + 3
>>> b = (10, 20, 30)
>>> c = 10 + 2
>>> if a == c: print("Variable a and variable c are same.")
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法：
>>> a=10+3
>>> b=(10,20,30)
>>> c=10+2
>>> if a==c:print("Variable a and variable c are same.")

但是也不能保留过多空格。

>>> #好的写法：
>>> 
>>> a = (10,)
>>> b = a[0]
>>> c = 10*5 + 10*3
>>> d = True
>>> e = False
>>> f = (d!=e) == (d==e)
>>> print("aaaaaa", "bbbbbb", sep="***")
aaaaaa***bbbbbb
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法：
>>> a = (10, )
>>> b = a [0]
>>> c = 10 * 5 + 10 * 3
>>> d = True
>>> e = False
>>> f = (d != e) == (d == e)
>>> print("aaaaaa", "bbbbbb", sep = "***")
aaaaaa***bbbbbb

下面不好的写法就更不行了：

>>> #好的写法：
>>> a = 10
>>> b = 10
>>> c = 100000000
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法：
>>> a =        10
>>> b =        10
>>> c = 100000000

 （谁这样写啊！）

有人可能会问：为什么运算符号左右有时候要空格，有时候不要空格呢？

在PEP 8中，我们在拥有不同运算级别的算式中，在运算级别较低的运算符旁添空格。

2、适当换行。

>>> #好的写法：
>>> 
>>> turtle_list1 = ["Reeves' Turtle",
"Chinese Stripe-necked Turtle",
"Yellow Pond-turtle",
"Red-necked pond turtle",
"Beal's eyed turtle",
"Four-eyed Turtle",
"Big-headed Turtle"]
>>> 
>>> turtle_list2 = [
"Reeves' Turtle",
"Chinese Stripe-necked Turtle",
"Yellow Pond-turtle",
"Red-necked pond turtle",
"Beal's eyed turtle",
"Four-eyed Turtle",
"Big-headed Turtle"
]
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法
>>> 
>>> turtle_list3 = ["Reeves' Turtle", "Chinese Stripe-necked Turtle", "Yellow Pond-turtle", "Red-necked pond turtle","Beal's eyed turtle", "Four-eyed Turtle", "Big-headed Turtle"]
>>> 
>>> turtle_list4 = [
"Reeves' Turtle",
"Chinese Stripe-necked Turtle",
"Yellow Pond-turtle",
"Red-necked pond turtle",
"Beal's eyed turtle",
"Four-eyed Turtle",
"Big-headed Turtle"]

>>> #好的写法：
>>> 
>>> a = 10 \
+ 10 \
+ 20 \
+ 9
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法：
>>> 
>>> b = 10 +\
10 +\
20 +\
9

3、命名

在符合命名规则后，变量、列表、元组、字典、集合、函数和方法建议首字母小写，类建议首字母大写。如有空格，用下划线连接。

>>> #好的写法：
>>> 
>>> class Good_class():
        def good_method(self):
            print("This class and this method are good.")

>>> def good_function():
        print("This function is good")

>>> str_ = "Python"
>>> 
>>> list_ = [1, 2, 3]
>>> tuple_ = (1, 2, 3)
>>> dict_ = {"0": 0, "1": 1, "2": 2}
>>> set_ = set([1, 2, 3])
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法：
>>> class bad_class():
        def Bad_method(self):
            print("This class and this method are bad.")

>>> def Bad_function():
        print("This function is bad")

>>> Str_ = "Python"
>>> 
>>> List_ = [1, 2, 3]
>>> Tuple_ = (1, 2, 3)
>>> Dict_ = {"0": 0, "1": 1, "2": 2}
>>> Set_ = set([1, 2, 3])

4、导入

在导入库的时候，PEP 8建议一行导入一个，而不是一行导入N个。

>>> #好的写法：
>>> 
>>> import numpy
>>> import matplotlib
>>> 
>>> #不好的写法：
>>> 
>>> import numpy, matplotlib

但在一个库中导入N个模块可以写在一行。 

>>> from ramdom import randint, choice

本人也还是一个Python渣渣，对PEP 8还不是特别理解，请各位大佬批评指正。

我是谢pro，886~