Java映射和集合

Java映射和集合集合和映射

 列表(List)

 集(Set)

 映射(Map)

 其他的API

集合：若干用途、性质相同或相近的“数据”组合成一个整体

       集合类型从体系上归纳为：

              列表(List)

列表

              区分元素的顺序，且允许包含重复元素

 集(Set)

 集

不区分元素的顺序，不允许包含重复元素

 映射(Map)

映射中保存成对的“键-值”(Key-Value)信息，映射中不能包含重复的键，每个键最多只能映射一个值

 

Collection接口

描述Set和List集合类型的跟接口

TreeSet接口

自然排序

Comparable接口

 

       ArrayList

       Vector

       Stack

       Iterator

       HashSet

 

       HashMap

       HashTable

      

Eg：

       public class Person implements Comparable{

    private final int id;

    private String name;

    private int age;

   

    public Person(int id,String name,int age){

       this.id = id;

        this.name = name;

       this.age = age;  

    }

    public int getId(){

       return id;

    }

    public void setName(String name){

       this.name = name;

    }

    public String getName(){

       return name; 

    }

    public void setAge(int age){

       this.age = age;  

    }

    public int getAge(){

       return age;  

    }

    public String toString(){

       return "Id: " + id + "\tName:" + name + "\tAge:" + age;  

    }  

    @Override

    public int compareTo(Object o){

       Person p = (Person)o;

       return this.id - p.id;     

    }

    @Override

    public boolean equals(Object o){

        boolean flag = false;

       if(o instanceof Person){

           if(this.id == ((Person)o).id)

              flag = true;

       }

       return false;    

    }  

}

 

import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Set;

 

 

public class TestHashMap {

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

       HashMap h = new HashMap();

       h.put(new Integer(1003), new Person(1003,"zhangsan",21));

       h.put(1021, new Person(1021,"wangliu",22));

       h.put(1013, new Person(1013,"wangliu",25));

       h.put(1010, new Person(1010,"wangliu",23));

       h.put(1001, new Person(1001,"wangliu",25));

       h.put(1002, new Person(1002,"wangliu",29));

       h.put(1005, new Person(1005,"wangliu",27));

       h.put(1004, new Person(1004,"wangliu",21));

       h.put(1009, new Person(1009,"wangliu",22));

      

       System.out.println("检查单个元素");

       Person p = (Person) h.get(1009);

       Person p1 = (Person) h.get(1000);

       System.out.println(p);

       System.out.println(p1);

      

       System.out.println("遍历所有的键");

       Set names = h.keySet();

       for (Object o : names) {

           System.out.println(o);

       }

      

       System.out.println("遍历所有的值");

       Collection values = h.values();

       for (Object o : values) {

           System.out.println(o);

       }

    }

 

}

 结果：

       检查单个元素

Id: 1009   Name: wangliu Age: 22

null

遍历所有的键

1001

1003

1002

1005

1004

1021

1009

1010

1013

遍历所有的值

Id: 1001   Name: wangliu Age: 25

Id: 1003   Name: zhangsan    Age: 21

Id: 1002   Name: wangliu Age: 29

Id: 1005   Name: wangliu Age: 27

Id: 1004   Name: wangliu Age: 21

Id: 1021   Name: wangliu Age: 22

Id: 1009   Name: wangliu Age: 22

Id: 1010   Name: wangliu Age: 23

Id: 1013   Name:wangliu Age: 25

 

public class Person implements Comparable{

    private final int id;

    private String name;

    private int age;

   

    public Person(int id,String name,int age){

       this.id = id;

       this.name = name;

       this.age = age;  

    }

    public int getId(){

       return id;

    }

    public void setName(String name){

       this.name = name;

    }

    public String getName(){

       return name; 

    }

    public void setAge(int age){

       this.age = age;  

    }

    public int getAge(){

       return age;  

    }

    public String toString(){

       return "Id: " + id + "\tName:" + name + "\tAge:" + age;  

    }  

    @Override

    public int compareTo(Object o){

       Person p = (Person)o;

       return this.id - p.id;     

    }

    @Override

    public boolean equals(Object o){

       boolean flag = false;

       if(o instanceof Person){

           if(this.id == ((Person)o).id)

              flag = true;

       }

       return false;    

    }  

}

import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.Hashtable;

import java.util.Set;

 

public class TestHashTable {

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

       Hashtable h1 = new Hashtable();

       h1.put(new Integer(1003), new Person(1003,"zhangsan",21));

       h1.put(1021, new Person(1021,"wangliu",22));

       h1.put(1013, new Person(1013,"wangliu",25));

       h1.put(1010, new Person(1010,"wangliu",23));

       h1.put(1001, new Person(1001,"wangliu",25));

       h1.put(1002, new Person(1002,"wangliu",29));

       h1.put(1005, new Person(1005,"wangliu",27));

       h1.put(1004, new Person(1004,"wangliu",21));

       h1.put(1009, new Person(1009,"wangliu",22));

      

       System.out.println("检查单个元素");

       Person p = (Person) h1.get(1009);

       Person p1 = (Person) h1.get(1000);

       System.out.println(p);

       System.out.println(p1);

      

       System.out.println("遍历所有的键");

       Set names = h1.keySet();

       for (Object o : names) {

           System.out.println(o);

       }

      

       System.out.println("遍历所有的值");

       Collection values = h1.values();

       for (Object o : values) {

           System.out.println(o);

       }

    }

 

}

结果：

检查单个元素

Id: 1009   Name: wangliu Age: 22

null

遍历所有的键

1010

1009

1005

1004

1003

1002

1001

1021

1013

遍历所有的值

Id: 1010   Name: wangliu Age: 23

Id: 1009   Name: wangliu Age: 22

Id: 1005   Name: wangliu Age: 27

Id: 1004   Name: wangliu Age: 21

Id: 1003   Name: zhangsan    Age: 21

Id: 1002   Name: wangliu Age: 29

Id: 1001   Name: wangliu Age: 25

Id: 1021   Name: wangliu Age: 22

Id: 1013   Name: wangliu Age: 25

 

 

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Collections;

import java.util.List;

 

public class TestArray {

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

       Integer [] a = {21,12,24,8};

//     System.out.println(a);

       System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));

       Arrays.sort(a);

       System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));

      

      

       int b = Arrays.binarySearch(a, 12);//指定的二进制搜索

       System.out.println(b);

      

       List al = Arrays.asList(31,20,18);

       System.out.println(al);

       al.set(1, 7);

       System.out.println(al);

       System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));

    }

 

}

结果：[21, 12, 24, 8]

[8, 12, 21, 24]

1

[31, 20, 18]

[31, 7, 18]

[8, 12, 21, 24]