（C语言实现）班级成绩管理系统源代码

xiaoyuer2815
已于 2024-06-18 21:31:01 修改
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分类专栏： C语言文章标签： c语言
于 2021-07-17 11:36:02 首次发布
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiexieyuchen/article/details/118738050
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直说了，我使用的软件是vs，但是dev也可以运行，反倒是初次使用vs的同学，没有关掉sdl检查的话运行会报错，说是scanf啥的出问题。解决方法：项目->属性->C/C++->常规->SDL检查->将是改为否->保存。
直接上代码：
//----------------头文件---------------------- 
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>//操作字符串 
#include<stdlib.h>//malloc()函数 ,反回的类型是void*，要进行类型转换
#include<windows.h>//清屏函数头文件 
#include<time.h>//调用并显示当前时间 
#include<conio.h> //隐藏密码输入函数getch()的头文件 

//---------结构体------------------- 
typedef struct Node {
	long long id;//学号
	char name[50];//姓名
	char sex[10];//性别
	int math, english, phisics, scatter, generation;//高等数学、大学英语、大学物理、离散数学、线性代数 
	int sum;//总分
 
	struct Node* next;
}node;
//-----------全局变量----------------- 
char password[20], key[20];//初始密码 
node List;                 //链表 

//---------函数声明------------- 
void save_password(char s[]);//将修改后的密码保存 
void hide_password(char* pswd, unsigned maxlen);//隐藏密码进行输入 
int readFile(node* L);                          //读取文件 
int saveFile(node* L);                          //保存文件
void enter();                                   //登录界面
void welcome();                                 //主菜单界面 
int change();                                   //修改密码 
void insertlist(node* L, node e);               //头插法,将学生信息插入到链表 
node* searchid(long long id, node* L);          //按学号查找 
node* searchname(char name[], node* L);         //按姓名查找 
void new_student(node* L);                      //增加学生信息 
void deletestu(node* pr);                       //删除学生信息 
void delete_student(node* L);                   //删除学生信息 
void modify_student(node* L);                   //修改学生信息 
void search_student(node* L);                   //查询学生信息 
int maxscore(node* L, int mode);                //查找各科最高分 
bool cmp(node a, node b);                       //排序比较规则 
void ScoreSort(node* L);                        //将学生成绩进行排序，从高到低 
void output_sort(node* L);                      //输出学生信息 
void printflove();                              //打印爱心 
void goodbye();                                 //结束程序 

//--------主函数-------------- 
int main()
{
	int choice = 0;
	enter();
	readFile(&List);//进入程序后先读取文件,少了这句之前存的成绩都不能输出来 
	while (1) {
		welcome();
		scanf("%d", &choice);
		switch (choice) {
		case 1:
			new_student(&List);//增加学生信息 
			break;
		case 2:
			delete_student(&List);//删除学生信息 
			break;
		case 3:
			modify_student(&List);//修改学生信息 
			break;
		case 4:
			search_student(&List);//查询学生信息 
			break;
		case 5:
			output_sort(&List);//输出成绩排名 
			break;
		case 6:
			change();//修改密码 
			break;
		case 0:
			goodbye();//结束程序
			break;
		}
		printf("是否需要继续操作？(是：1/否：0)\n");
		scanf("%d", &choice);
		if (choice == 0) {
			goodbye();
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

//-------------------函数实现------------------------ 
void save_password(char s[]) {//将修改后的密码保存 
	FILE* fp = fopen("password.txt", "w+");
	fprintf(fp, "%s", s);
	fclose(fp);
}
 
void hide_password(char* pswd, unsigned maxlen) {//隐藏密码进行输入 
	int index = 0;
	char buff = '\0';
 
	while ((buff = getch()) != '\r') {
		if (buff == '\b' && index != 0) {
			index--;
			printf("\b \b");
		}
		else if (index < maxlen - 1 && buff != '\b') {
			pswd[index++] = buff;
			putchar('*');
		}
	}
	pswd[index] = '\0';
}
 
int readFile(node* L) {//读取文件 
	FILE* fpr = fopen("score.txt", "r");
	node st;
	node* s;
	node* t = L;
	if (fpr == NULL) {
		return 0;
	}
	else {
		while (fscanf(fpr, "%lld %s %s %d %d %d %d %d %d", &st.id, st.name, st.sex, &st.math, &st.english, &st.phisics, &st.scatter, &st.generation, &st.sum) != EOF) {
			s = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
			*s = st;
			t->next = s;
			t = s;
			t->next = NULL;
		}
	}
	fclose(fpr);//关闭文件指针 
	return 1;
}
 
int saveFile(node* L) {//保存文件
	FILE* fpw = fopen("score.txt", "w");
	if (fpw == NULL) return 0;//打开文件失败 
	node* p = L->next;
	while (p != NULL) {
		fprintf(fpw, "%lld %s %s %d %d %d %d %d %d\n", p->id, p->name, p->sex, p->math, p->english, p->phisics, p->scatter, p->generation, p->sum);
		p = p->next;
	}
	fclose(fpw);//关闭文件指针 
	return 1;
}
 
void enter() {//登录界面
	system("cls");//清屏 
	time_t t;
	struct tm* p;
	time(&t);
	p = gmtime(&t);
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**--------------%d年%02d月%02d日--------------**\n", 1900 + p->tm_year, 1 + p->tm_mon, p->tm_mday);
	printf("\t\t\t\t****************当前时间%02d时%02d分%***************\n", 8 + p->tm_hour, p->tm_min);
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**                                          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**             学生成绩管理系统             **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**                                          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**     感谢使用本系统，希望您使用愉快！     **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**    制作者：小菜鸡    学号：1008965223    **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**         班级：计算机类201班              **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**      学院：计算机与电子信息学院          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("请输入密码(初始密码123456)\n");
	int sum2 = 0;
	while (1) {
		FILE* fpr = fopen("password.txt", "r");
		char inital[20] = "123456";
		if (fpr == NULL)save_password(inital);
		else {
			hide_password(key, 21);
			printf("\n");
			fgets(password, 21, fpr);
			fclose(fpr);
			int n = strlen(key), m = strlen(password);
			if (n != m) {
				sum2++;
				if (sum2 >= 5) {
					printf("多次输入密码错误！系统关闭！\n");
					sum2 = 0;
					exit(0);
				}
				printf("密码错误！请重新输入！你还有%d次机会！\n", 5 - sum2);
			}
			else {
				int sum1 = 0;
				for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
					if (key[i] != password[i]) {
						sum1++;
					}
				}
				if (sum1 == 0) {
					printf("登录成功！\n");
					break;
				}
				else {
					sum2++;
					if (sum2 >= 5) {
						printf("多次输入密码错误！系统关闭！\n");
						sum2 = 0;
						exit(0);
					}
					printf("密码错误！请重新输入！你还有%d次机会！\n", 5 - sum2);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
 
void welcome() {//主菜单界面 
	system("cls");//清屏 
	time_t t;
	struct tm* p;
	time(&t);
	p = gmtime(&t);
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**--------------%d年%02d月%02d日--------------**\n", 1900 + p->tm_year, 1 + p->tm_mon, p->tm_mday);
	printf("\t\t\t\t****************当前时间%02d时%02d分%***************\n", 8 + p->tm_hour, p->tm_min);
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**                                          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**               欢迎进入！                 **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**                                          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**---------------功能菜单-------------------**\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       增加学生信息 ------------1         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       删除学生信息 ------------2         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       修改学生信息 ------------3         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       查询学生信息 ------------4         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       输出成绩排名 ------------5         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       修改登录密码 ------------6         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**       退出管理系统 ------------0         **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("请输入你想要进行的操作（数字）: ");
}
 
int change() {
	printf("注：修改密码后需要重新登录！\n");
	printf("请输入原来的密码：\n");
	while (1) {
		hide_password(key, 21);
		printf("\n");
		int n = strlen(key), m = strlen(password);
		if (n != m) {
			printf("密码错误！\n");
		}
		else {
			int sum = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				if (key[i] != password[i]) {
					sum++;
				}
			}
			if (sum == 0) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("密码错误！\n");
			}
		}
	}
	printf("请输入想要更改的密码：\n");
	hide_password(password, 21);
	save_password(password);
	printf("\n修改成功！请重新登录！\n");
	enter();
	return 0;
}
 
void insertlist(node* L, node e) {//头插法,将学生信息插入到链表 
	node* h = L;//头节点 
	node* s = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
	*s = e;
	s->next = h->next;
	h->next = s;
	saveFile(L);
}
 
node* searchid(long long id, node* L) {//按学号查找 
	node* p = L;
	while (p->next != NULL) {//遍历链表 
		if (p->next->id == id) {
			return p;
		}
		p = p->next;
 
	}
	return NULL;
}
 
node* searchname(char name[], node* L) {//按姓名查找 
	node* p = L;
	node* q = L;
	while (p->next != NULL) {//遍历链表 
		if (strcmp(name, p->next->name) == 0) {
			return p;
		}
		p = p->next;
 
	}
	return NULL;
}
 
void new_student(node* L) {//增加学生信息 
	system("cls");
	node st;
	int choice = 0;
	while (1) {
		printf("请输入新增学生相关信息\n");
		printf("学号(10位数)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%lld", &st.id);
			node* p = searchid(st.id, L);
			if (p == NULL && st.id >= 1000000000 && st.id <= 9999999999) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("该学生的学号已存在或长度不合理！请重新输入学号！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("姓名(中文最长不要超4个字)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%s", st.name);
			node* p = searchname(st.name, L);
			int len = strlen(st.name);
			if (p == NULL && len <= 10) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("该学生的姓名已存在或长度不合理！请重新输入姓名！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("性别(男|女)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%s", st.sex);
			if (strlen(st.sex) == 2) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("输入不合理！(性别应为：男 / 女)请重新输入性别！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("高数成绩(0~100)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%d", &st.math);
			if (st.math >= 0 && st.math <= 100) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入高数成绩！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("英语成绩(0~100)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%d", &st.english);
			if (st.english >= 0 && st.english <= 100) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入英语成绩！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("大物成绩(0~100)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%d", &st.phisics);
			if (st.phisics >= 0 && st.phisics <= 100) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入大物成绩！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("离散成绩(0~100)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%d", &st.scatter);
			if (st.scatter >= 0 && st.scatter <= 100) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入离散成绩！\n");
			}
		}
		printf("线代成绩(0~100)：");
		while (1) {
			scanf("%d", &st.generation);
			if (st.generation >= 0 && st.generation <= 100) {
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入线代成绩！\n");
			}
		}
		st.sum = st.math + st.english + st.phisics + st.scatter + st.generation;
		insertlist(&List, st);
		printf("是否需要继续输入学生信息？（是：1 / 否：0）\n");
		scanf("%d", &choice);
		if (choice == 0) {
			break;
		}
	}
}
 
void deletestu(node* pr) {//删除学生信息 
	node* s = pr->next;
	pr->next = s->next;
	s->next = NULL;
	free(s);//释放节点空间 
}
 
void delete_student(node* L) {//删除学生信息 
	system("cls");
	long long id;
	node* p;
	printf("请输入删除学生的学号(10位数)：");
	scanf("%lld", &id);
	node* st = searchid(id, L);
	p = st;
	if (st == NULL) {
		printf("查无此人！");
		return;
	}
	st = st->next;
	printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
	printf("|学号\t\t|姓名\t|性别\t|高数\t|英语\t|大物\t|离散\t|线代\t|总分\t|\n");;
	printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
	printf("|%lld\t|%s\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|\n", st->id, st->name, st->sex, st->math, st->english, st->phisics, st->scatter, st->generation, st->sum);
	printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
	deletestu(p);
	saveFile(L);
}
 
void modify_student(node* L) {//修改学生信息 
	system("cls");
	int choice = -1;
	long long  id;
	printf("请输入要查找的学生学号(10位数)：");
	scanf("%lld", &id);
	node* st = searchid(id, L);
 
	if (st == NULL) {
		printf("查无此人！");
		return;
	}
	st = st->next;
	while (1) {
		system("cls");
		printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		printf("|学号\t\t|姓名\t|性别\t|高数\t|英语\t|大物\t|离散\t|线代\t|总分\t|\n");
		printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		printf("|%lld\t|%s\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|\n", st->id, st->name, st->sex, st->math, st->english, st->phisics, st->scatter, st->generation, st->sum);
		printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		printf("**********************************************\n");
		printf("**          修改学生姓名--------- 1         **\n");
		printf("**          修改学生性别--------- 2         **\n");
		printf("**          修改高数成绩--------- 3         **\n");
		printf("**          修改英语成绩--------- 4         **\n");
		printf("**          修改大物成绩--------- 5         **\n");
		printf("**          修改离散成绩--------- 6         **\n");
		printf("**          修改线代成绩--------- 7         **\n");
		printf("**********************************************\n");
		printf("请输入要修改的信息：");
		scanf("%d", &choice);
		switch (choice) {
		case 1:
			printf("请输入姓名(中文最长不要超过4个字)：");
			while (1) {
				char newname[50];
				scanf("%s", newname);
				node* p = searchname(newname, L);
				int len = strlen(newname);
				if (p == NULL && len <= 10) {
					strcpy(st->name, newname);
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("该姓名已存在或长度不合理！请重新输入姓名！\n");
				}
			}
 
			break;
		case 2:
			printf("请输入性别(男|女)：");
			while (1) {
				scanf("%s", st->sex);
				if (strlen(st->sex) == 2) {
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("输入不合理！(性别应为：男 / 女)请重新输入性别！\n");
				}
			}
			break;
		case 3:
			printf("请输入高数成绩(0~100)：");
			while (1) {
				scanf("%d", &st->math);
				if (st->math >= 0 && st->math <= 100) {
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入高数成绩！\n");
				}
			}
			break;
		case 4:
			printf("请输入英语成绩(0~100)：");
			while (1) {
				scanf("%d", &st->english);
				if (st->english >= 0 && st->english <= 100) {
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入英语成绩！\n");
				}
			}
			break;
		case 5:
			printf("请输入大物成绩(0~100)：");
			while (1) {
				scanf("%d", &st->phisics);
				if (st->phisics >= 0 && st->phisics <= 100) {
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入大物成绩！\n");
				}
			}
			break;
		case 6:
			printf("请输入离散成绩(0~100)：");
			while (1) {
				scanf("%d", &st->scatter);
				if (st->scatter >= 0 && st->scatter <= 100) {
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入离散成绩！\n");
				}
			}
			break;
		case 7:
			printf("请输入线代成绩(0~100)：");
			while (1) {
				scanf("%d", &st->generation);
				if (st->generation >= 0 && st->generation <= 100) {
					break;
				}
				else {
					printf("输入的分数不合理！应在0~100之间！请重新输入线代成绩！\n");
				}
			}
			break;
		}
		st->sum = st->math + st->english + st->phisics + st->scatter + st->generation;
		printf("是否继续修改该学生的信息？(是：1/否：0)\n");
		scanf("%d", &choice);
		if (choice == 0) {
			printf("修改成功！修改后该学生的信息与成绩如下：\n");
			break;
		}
	}
	printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
	printf("|学号\t\t|姓名\t|性别\t|高数\t|英语\t|大物\t|离散\t|线代\t|总分\t|\n");
	printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
	printf("|%lld\t|%s\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|\n", st->id, st->name, st->sex, st->math, st->english, st->phisics, st->scatter, st->generation, st->sum);
	printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
	saveFile(L);
}
 
void search_student(node* L) {//查询学生信息 
	system("cls");
	int choice = 0;
	long long id;
	char name[50];
	node* st;
	printf("按学号查询----- 1\n");
	printf("按姓名查询----- 2\n");
	printf("请输入查询方式：");
	scanf("%d", &choice);
	if (choice == 1) {
		printf("请输入要查询的学号(10位数)：");
		scanf("%lld", &id);
		st = searchid(id, L);
		if (st == NULL) {
			printf("查无此人！\n");
		}
		else {
			st = st->next;
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
			printf("|学号\t\t|姓名\t|性别\t|高数\t|英语\t|大物\t|离散\t|线代\t|总分\t|\n");
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
			printf("|%lld\t|%s\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|\n", st->id, st->name, st->sex, st->math, st->english, st->phisics, st->scatter, st->generation, st->sum);
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		}
	}
	else if (choice == 2) {
		printf("请输入要查询的姓名：");
		scanf("%s", name);
		st = searchname(name, L);
		if (st == NULL) {
			printf("查无此人！\n");
		}
		else {
			st = st->next;
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
			printf("|学号\t\t|姓名\t|性别\t|高数\t|英语\t|大物\t|离散\t|线代\t|总分\t|\n");
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
			printf("|%lld\t|%s\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|\n", st->id, st->name, st->sex, st->math, st->english, st->phisics, st->scatter, st->generation, st->sum);
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		}
	}
}

int maxscore(node* L, int mode) {//查找各科最高分 
	int max = 0;
	node* p = L->next;
	if (mode == 1) {//高数最高分 
		while (p != NULL) {
			if (p->math > max) {
				max = p->math;
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
		return max;
	}
	else if (mode == 2) {//英语最高分 
		while (p != NULL) {
			if (p->english > max) {
				max = p->english;
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
		return max;
	}
	else if (mode == 3) {//大物最高分 
		while (p != NULL) {
			if (p->phisics > max) {
				max = p->phisics;
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
		return max;
	}
	else if (mode == 4) {//离散最高分 
		while (p != NULL) {
			if (p->scatter > max) {
				max = p->scatter;
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
		return max;
	}
	else if (mode == 5) {//线代最高分 
		while (p != NULL) {
			if (p->generation > max) {
				max = p->generation;
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
		return max;
	}
	else if (mode == 6) {//总分最高分 
		while (p != NULL) {
			if (p->sum > max) {
				max = p->sum;
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
		return max;
	}
 
}
 
bool cmp(node a, node b) {//排序比较规则 
	return a.sum > b.sum;//从大到小排序
}
 
void ScoreSort(node* L) {//将学生成绩进行排序，从高到低 
	for (node* p = L->next; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
		for (node* q = p; q != NULL; q = q->next) {
			if (!cmp(*p, *q)) {//如果不符合排序规则则进行交换 
				//交换数据域
				node t = *p;
				*p = *q;
				*q = t;
				//交换指针域
				t.next = p->next;
				p->next = q->next;
				q->next = t.next;
			}
		}
	}
}
 
void output_sort(node* L) {//输出学生信息 
	system("cls");
	ScoreSort(&List);
	node* p = L->next;
	if (p != NULL) {
		printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		printf("|学号\t\t|姓名\t|性别\t|高数\t|英语\t|大物\t|离散\t|线代\t|总分\t|\n");
		printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");
		while (p != NULL) {
			printf("|%lld\t|%s\t|%s\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|%d\t|\n", p->id, p->name, p->sex, p->math, p->english, p->phisics, p->scatter, p->generation, p->sum);
			printf("_________________________________________________________________________________\n");;
			p = p->next;
		}
	}
	printf("高数最高分：%d  ", maxscore(&List, 1)); printf("英语最高分：%d\n", maxscore(&List, 2));
	printf("大物最高分：%d  ", maxscore(&List, 3)); printf("离散最高分：%d\n", maxscore(&List, 4));
	printf("线代最高分：%d  ", maxscore(&List, 5)); printf("总分最高分：%d\n", maxscore(&List, 6));
 
}
 
void printflove() {//打印爱心 
	float a, x, y;
	for (y = 1.5f; y > -1.5f; y -= 0.1f) {
		for (x = -1.5f; x < 1.5f; x += 0.05f) {
			a = x * x + y * y - 1;
			char ch = a * a * a - x * x * y * y * y <= 0.0f ? '*' : ' ';
			putchar(ch);
		}
		printf("\n");
		printf("\t\t\t  ");
	}
}
 
void goodbye() {//结束程序 
	system("cls");
	printflove();
	printf("\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**                                          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**        欢迎下次使用！~再见！~~           **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**                                          **\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	exit(0);
}