1.RecyclerView是什么？
RecylerView是support-v7包中的新组件，是一个强大的滑动组件，与经典的ListView相比，同样拥有item回收复用的功能，这一点从它的名字recylerview即回收view也可以看出。看到这也许有人会问，不是已经有ListView了吗，为什么还要RecylerView呢？这就牵扯到第二个问题了。
2.RecyclerView的优点是什么？
根据官方的介绍RecylerView是ListView的升级版，既然如此那RecylerView必然有它的优点，现就RecylerView相对于ListView的优点罗列如下：
①RecylerView封装了viewholder的回收复用，也就是说RecylerView标准化了ViewHolder，编写Adapter面向的是ViewHolder而不再是View了，复用的 逻辑被封装了，写起来更加简单。
②提供了一种插拔式的体验，高度的解耦，异常的灵活，针对一个Item的显示RecylerView专门抽取出了相应的类，来控制Item的显示，使其的扩展性非常强。例如：你想控制横向或者纵向滑动列表效果可以通过LinearLayoutManager这个类来进行控制(与GridView效果对应的是GridLayoutManager,与瀑布流对应的还有StaggeredGridLayoutManager等)，也就是说RecylerView不再拘泥于ListView的线性展示方式，它也可以实现GridView的效果等多种效果。你想控制Item的分隔线，可以通过继承RecylerView的ItemDecoration这个类，然后针对自己的业务需求去抒写代码。
③可以控制Item增删的动画，可以通过ItemAnimator这个类进行控制，当然针对增删的动画，RecylerView有其自己默认的实现。
使用RecyclerView 需要在build.gradle引入
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.0'
或者
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.2.1' compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:22.2.1'
效果图：
每个item布局item.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:background="#44ff0000"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/id_num"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_gravity="left"
android:text="左边" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/id_num2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:text="右边" />
</FrameLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.android.mx.myapplication.MainActivity">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/id_recyclerview"
android:divider="#ffff0000"
android:dividerHeight="10dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</RelativeLayout>
package com.android.mx.myapplication;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private List<String> mDatas;
private HomeAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initData();
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.id_recyclerview);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
mAdapter = new HomeAdapter();
mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(View view, int position) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Click" + mDatas.get(position), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onItemLongClick(View view, int position) {
mAdapter.remove(position); //remove the item
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "LongClick" + mDatas.get(position), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(MainActivity.this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL));
}
protected void initData() {
mDatas = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 'A'; i < 'z'; i++) {
mDatas.add("" + (char) i);
}
}
interface OnItemClickListener {
public void onItemClick(View view, int position);
public void onItemLongClick(View view, int position);
}
public class HomeAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<HomeAdapter.ItemViewHolder> {
private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;
@Override
public ItemViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
ItemViewHolder holder = new ItemViewHolder(LayoutInflater.from(
MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.item, parent,
false));
return holder;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(final ItemViewHolder itemViewHolder, int position) {
itemViewHolder.mTextView.setText(mDatas.get(position));
if (mOnItemClickListener != null) {
/**
* 这里加了判断，itemViewHolder.itemView.hasOnClickListeners()
* 目的是减少对象的创建，如果已经为view设置了click监听事件,就不用重复设置了
* 不然每次调用onBindViewHolder方法，都会创建两个监听事件对象，增加了内存的开销
*/
if (!itemViewHolder.itemView.hasOnClickListeners()) {
Log.e("ListAdapter", "setOnClickListener");
itemViewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
int pos = itemViewHolder.getPosition();
mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(v, pos);
}
});
itemViewHolder.itemView.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
@Override
public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
int pos = itemViewHolder.getPosition();
mOnItemClickListener.onItemLongClick(v, pos);
return true;
}
});
}
}
}
/**
* 移除指定位置元素
*
* @param position
* @return
*/
public String remove(int position) {
if (position > mDatas.size() - 1) {
return null;
}
String value = mDatas.remove(position);
notifyItemRemoved(position);
return value;
}
public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener) {
this.mOnItemClickListener = mOnItemClickListener;
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mDatas.size();
}
/**
* 处理item的点击事件和长按事件
*/
class ItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
private TextView mTextView;
public ItemViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
mTextView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.id_num);
}
}
}
}
可以通过RecyclerView .addItemDecoration(ItemDecoration decoration)这个方法进行设置，其中它需要的参数就是我们自己定义的继承自ItemDecoration的一个对象。我们可以创建一个继承RecyclerView.ItemDecoration类来绘制分隔线，通过ItemDecoration可以让我们每一个Item从视觉上面相互分开来，例如ListView的divider非常相似的效果。当然像我们上面的例子ItemDecoration我们没有设置也没有报错，那说明ItemDecoration我们并不是强制需要使用，作为我们开发者可以设置或者不设置Decoration的。实现一个ItemDecoration，系统提供的ItemDecoration是一个抽象类，内部除去已经废弃的方法以外，我们主要实现以下三个方法:
public static abstract class ItemDecoration {
public void onDraw(Canvas c,RecyclerView parent,State state) {
onDraw(c,parent);
}
public void onDrawOver(Canvas c,RecyclerView parent,State state) {
onDrawOver(c,parent);
}
public void getItemOffsets(RectoutRect, View view,RecyclerView parent,State state) {
getItemOffsets(outRect,((LayoutParams)view.getLayoutParams()).getViewLayoutPosition(),parent);
}
} 又因为当我们 RecyclerView 在进行绘制的时候会进行绘制 Decoration, 那么会去调用 onDraw 和 onDrawOver 方法，那么这边我们其实只要去重写 onDraw 和getI temOffsets 这两个方法就可以实现啦。然后LayoutManager会进行Item布局的时候，会去调用 getItemOffset 方法来计算每个Item的Decoration合适的尺寸，下面我们来具体实现一个Decoration， DividerItemDecoration.java:
package com.android.mx.myapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
/**
* Created by mxuan on 2016-07-16.
*/
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{
android.R.attr. listDivider
};
public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;
private Drawable mDivider;
private int mOrientation;
public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS );
mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
a.recycle();
setOrientation(orientation);
}
public void setOrientation( int orientation) {
if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException( "invalid orientation");
}
mOrientation = orientation;
}
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
drawVertical(c, parent);
} else {
drawHorizontal(c, parent);
}
}
public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(c);
}
}
public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(c);
}
}
@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) {
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
}else{
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
}
}
}
改变分隔线样式
那么怎么更改分隔线的样式呢？在上面的DividerItemDecoration这个类中可以看到这个分隔线是跟ListView一样的，即系统的默认的样式，因此我们可以在styles的xml文件中进行更改，更改如下：
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
<item name="android:listDivider">@drawable/divider_bg</item>
</style>
</resources>
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