一对多
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示例场景:
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用户与其发布的帖子(用户表与帖子表)
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角色与所属于该角色的用户(角色表与多用户表)
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示例代码
class Role(db.Model):
"""角色表""" __tablename__ = 'roles' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True) # 建立数据库之间的关系 users = db.relationship('User', backref='role', lazy='dynamic')
class User(db.Model):
"""用户表""" __tablename__ = 'users' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True, index=True)
多对多
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示例场景
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讲师与其上课的班级(讲师表与班级表)
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用户与其收藏的新闻(用户表与新闻表)
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学生与其选修的课程(学生表与选修课程表)
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示例代码
tb_student_course = db.Table('tb_student_course', db.Column('student_id', db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('students.id')), db.Column('course_id', db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('courses.id')) )
class Student(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "students" id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True) # 建立数据库之间的关系 courses = db.relationship('Course', secondary=tb_student_course, backref=db.backref('students', lazy='dynamic'), lazy='dynamic')
class Course(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "courses" id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True)
自关联一对多
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示例场景
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评论与该评论的子评论(评论表)
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参考网易新闻
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示例代码
class Comment(db.Model):
"""评论""" __tablename__ = "comments" id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
# 评论内容 content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False) # 父评论id parent_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("comments.id"))
# 父评论(也是评论模型) parent = db.relationship("Comment", remote_side=[id], backref=db.backref('childs', lazy='dynamic'))
# 测试代码
if __name__ == '__main__': db.drop_all() db.create_all() com1 = Comment(content='我是主评论1') com2 = Comment(content='我是主评论2') com11 = Comment(content='我是回复主评论1的子评论1') com11.parent = com1 com12 = Comment(content='我是回复主评论1的子评论2') com12.parent = com1 db.session.add_all([com1, com2, com11, com12]) db.session.commit() app.run(debug=True)
自关联多对多
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示例场景
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用户关注其他用户(用户表,中间表)
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示例代码
tb_user_follows = db.Table( "tb_user_follows", db.Column('follower_id', db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('info_user.id'), primary_key=True), # 粉丝id db.Column('followed_id', db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('info_user.id'), primary_key=True) # 被关注人的id )
class User(db.Model):
"""用户表""" __tablename__ = "info_user" id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(32), unique=True, nullable=False)
# 用户所有的粉丝,添加了反向引用followed,代表用户都关注了哪些人 followers = db.relationship('User', secondary=tb_user_follows, primaryjoin=id == tb_user_follows.c.followed_id, secondaryjoin=id == tb_user_follows.c.follower_id, backref=db.backref('followed', lazy='dynamic'), lazy='dynamic')