从JDK 1.5开始, Java增加了对元数据(MetaData)的支持,也就是 Annotation(注解)。
元注解(meta-annotation)
在JDK 1.5中提供了4个标准的用来对注解类型进行注解的注解类,即元注解,他们分别是:
@Target 描述注解的使用范围
@Retention 描述注解保留的时间范围
@Documented 描述在使用 javadoc 工具为类生成帮助文档时是否要保留其注解信息
@Inherited 使被它修饰的注解具有继承性
自定义注解
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface MyAnnotation {
String name() default "zhu";
}
测试
public class AnnotationTest {
@MyAnnotation(name = "abc")
public String hello() {
return "hello";
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException {
Class<AnnotationTest> annotationTestClass = AnnotationTest.class;
Method helloMethod = annotationTestClass.getMethod("hello", new Class[]{});
Annotation[] annotations = helloMethod.getAnnotations();
for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
System.out.println(annotation.annotationType().getName());
}
if (helloMethod.isAnnotationPresent(MyAnnotation.class)) {
MyAnnotation annotation = helloMethod.getAnnotation(MyAnnotation.class);
System.out.println(annotation.name());
}
}
}
运行结果
com...MyAnnotation
abc
使用注解完成对方法切点切入
@Component
@Aspect
public class MyAspect {
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.zhu.annotation.MyAnnotation)")
private void myAnnotation() {}
@Around("myAnnotation()")
public void advice(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("around begin...");
// 获取请求的类名
String className = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
System.out.print("类名:" + className);
// 从切面织入点处通过反射机制获取织入点处的方法
MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature)joinPoint.getSignature();
Method method = signature.getMethod();
System.out.print(" 方法名:" + method.getName());
// 请求的参数
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
if (args.length != 0) {
String params = JSONUtils.toJSONString(args);
System.out.print(" 参数:" + params);
}
MyAnnotation annotation = method.getAnnotation(MyAnnotation.class);
if (annotation != null) {
System.out.println(" 注解属性name:" + annotation.name());
}
// 执行原方法
Object result = joinPoint.proceed();
System.out.println("around end..." + result);
}
@Before("myAnnotation()")
public void before() {
System.out.println("before...");
}
@After("myAnnotation()")
public void after() {
System.out.println("after...");
}
}
测试
@RestController
public class TestController {
@MyAnnotation(name = "今天周三了")
@RequestMapping("/abc")
public String testAnnotation() {
System.out.println("自定义注解完成方法切点切入");
return "明天周四";
}
}
运行效果
around begin...
类名:com...TestController 方法名:testAnnotation 注解属性name:今天周三了
before...
自定义注解完成方法切点切入
after...
around end...明天周四