python核心编程第六章

6-1.成员操作符in即可判断一个字符或者是一个字符串是不是在另一个字符串中

6-2.

import string
import keyword

alphas=string.letters+'_'
nums=string.digits

def check():
    input=raw_input("identifier to test?")
    if input[0] not in alphas:
        return False
    else:
        if len(input)>1:
            for x in input[1:]:
                    if x not in alphas+nums:
                        return False
            if input in keyword.kwlist:
                return False
            else:
                return True
        else:
            return True

if __name__ =="__main__":
    res=check()
    if res:
        print "valid identifier!"
    else:
        print "invalid identifier!"

6-3.

a.输入字符串并且排序。这里用个冒泡排序实现

def mysort():
    alist=[]
    while True:
        try:
            num=raw_input("input a num : ")
        except(EOFError,KeyboardInterrupt,):
            break
        alist.append(int(num))
    length=len(alist)
    for i in range(1,length):
        for j in range(0,length-i):
            if alist[j]<alist[j+1]:
                alist[j],alist[j+1]=alist[j+1],alist[j]
    print alist

if __name__=="__main__":
    mysort()

6-4

def testscore(score):
    if 90<score<100:
        return 'A'
    elif 80<score<89:
        return 'B'
    elif 70<score<79:
        return 'C'
    elif 60<score<69:
        return 'D'
    else:
        return 'F'

def getscore(scorelist):
    score=[]
    sum=0.0
    for x in scorelist:
        sum+=float(x)
        score.append(testscore(x))
    print "avg:%s\nthe score:%s"%(sum/5,score)

def main():
    scorelist=[]
    for i in range(1,6):
        num=int(raw_input("input a num : "))
        scorelist.append(num)
    getscore(scorelist)

if __name__=='__main__':
    main()

6-5

a,b,c这三题不理解题目的意思。

d.回文字符串

def sysmmetry(tr):
    return tr+tr[-1:0:-1]+tr[0]
if __name__=="__main__":
    tr=raw_input("input a str : ")
    print sysmmetry(tr)

6-6

def substr(str):
    length=len(str)
    for i in range(0,length):
        if str[i]!=' ':
            break
    for j in range(length-1,0,-1):
        if str[j]!=' ':
            break
    return str[i:j+1]

def main():
    input=raw_input("input a str : ")
    str=substr(input)
    for (index,value) in enumerate(str):
        print "%s:%s"%(index,value)

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

6-7

（a）这段代码要做的是输入一个数字n。在1...n中找到不是n因数的数字。

（b）对于任何的偶数它都不能处理是因为循环中的i=i+1应该放在else分支里面

（c）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#接收输入
num_str=raw_input("enter a number : ")
#转换为数字
num_num=int(num_str)
#构造列表
fac=range(1,num_num+1)
print "before:%s"%fac
i=0
while i<len(fac):
    #如果当前列表中的元素是输入数字的因数
    if num_num%fac[i]==0:
        del fac[i]
    else:
        #不是因数时向后遍历
        i=i+1
print "after:%s"%fac

6-8

numstr=['zero','one','two','three','four','five','six','seven','eight','nine']
def numstr():
    num=int(raw_input("enter a number : "))
    res=''
    numlist=[]
    while num:
        digit=num%10
        num=num/10
        numlist.append(digit)
    length=len(numlist)
    if length==1:
        print "%s"%numstr[numlist[0]]
    elif length==2:
        print "%s-%s"%(numstr[numlist[1]],numstr[numlist[0]])
    elif length==3:
        print "%s hundred and %s-%s"%(numstr[numlist[2]],numstr[numlist[1]],numstr[numlist[0]])
    else:
        print "the input num is bigger than 1000 or less than 0"

6-9

def hour_minute(totalminutes):
    hour=totalminutes/60
    minute=totalminutes%60
    print "%s hours and %s minutes"%(hour,minute)

def main():
    totalminutes=int(raw_input("enter total minutes: "))
    hour_minute(totalminutes)

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

6-10

主要是考察ord()和chr()这两个函数

def str_change(strs):
    length=len(strs)
    res=''
    for i in range(0,length):
        str_int=ord(strs[i])
        if 65<=str_int<65+26:
            res=res+chr(str_int+32)
        elif 97<=str_int<97+26:
            res=res+chr(str_int-32)
        else:
            res=res+strs[i]
    print res

def main():
    strs=raw_input("input a str : ")
    str_change(strs)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

6-11转换

def num_ip(num):
    alist=[]
    while num:
        alist.append(num%256)
        num=num/256
    print "ip : %d.%d.%d.%d"%(alist[3],alist[2],alist[1],alist[0])

def ip_num(ipstr):
    num=0
    i=0
    j=0
    length=len(ipstr)
    while i<length and j<length:
        if ipstr[j]!='.':
            j=j+1
        else:
            num=num*256+int(ipstr[i:j])
            j=j+1
            i=j
    num=num*256+int(ipstr[i:j])
    return num
        
def main():
    ipstr=raw_input("input a ipstr : ")
    num=ip_num(ipstr)
    print "ip to num : %d"%num
    num_ip(num)

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

6-12

def findchr(string,char):
    length=len(string)
    for i in range(0,length):
        if string[i]==char:
            return i
    return -1

def rfindchr(string,char):
    length=len(string)
    for i in range(length-1,-1,-1):
        if string[i]==char:
            return i
    return -1

def substr(string,origchar,newchar):
    res=''
    length=len(string)
    for i in range(0,length):
        if string[i]==origchar:
            res=res+newchar
        else:
            res=res+string[i]
    print "after : %s"%res

def main():
    longstr=raw_input("enter a long str : ")
    char=raw_input("enter a char : ")
    print "the %s first at %d\nthe %s last at %d"%(char,findchr(longstr,char),char,rfindchr(longstr,char))
    newchar=raw_input("enter an new char : ")
    substr(longstr,char,newchar)


if __name__=="__main__":
    main()