序列化(Serialization):是将对象的状态信息转化为可以存储或者传输的形式的过程,一般将一个对象存储到一个储存媒介,例如档案或记忆体缓冲等,在网络传输过程中,可以是字节或者XML等格式;
反序列化:而字节或者XML格式的可以还原成完全相等的对象,这个相反的过程又称为反序列化;
常见的协议有XML、json(JavaScript Object Notation, JS 对象标记)、Hessian、Fastjson、Thrift、Avro、Protobuf等
我们来一起看使用方法,开始介绍使用之前先定义一个统一的接口:
public interface ISerializer {
<T> byte[] serialize(T obj);
<T> T deserialize(byte[] data,Class<T> clazz);
}
- xml
public class XStreamSerializer implements ISerializer{ XStream xStream=new XStream(new DomDriver()); @Override public <T> byte[] serialize(T obj) { return xStream.toXML(obj).getBytes(); } @Override public <T> T deserialize(byte[] data, Class<T> clazz) { return (T)xStream.fromXML(new String(data)); } }
- Fastjson
public class FastJsonSeriliazer implements ISerializer{ @Override public <T> byte[] serialize(T obj) { return JSON.toJSONString(obj).getBytes(); } @Override public <T> T deserialize(byte[] data, Class<T> clazz) { return (T)JSON.parseObject(new String(data),clazz); } }
- hessian
public class HessianSerializer implements ISerializer{ @Override public <T> byte[] serialize(T obj) { ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream(); HessianOutput hessianOutput=new HessianOutput(outputStream); try { hessianOutput.writeObject(obj); return outputStream.toByteArray(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return new byte[0]; } @Override public <T> T deserialize(byte[] data, Class<T> clazz) { ByteArrayInputStream inputStream=new ByteArrayInputStream(data); HessianInput hessianInput=new HessianInput(inputStream); try { return (T)hessianInput.readObject(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
- java原生的
public class JavaSerializer implements ISerializer{ @Override public <T> byte[] serialize(T obj) { ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream= new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { ObjectOutputStream outputStream= new ObjectOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream); outputStream.writeObject(obj); return byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return new byte[0]; } @Override public <T> T deserialize(byte[] data, Class<T> clazz) { ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream=new ByteArrayInputStream(data); try { ObjectInputStream objectInputStream= new ObjectInputStream(byteArrayInputStream); return (T) objectInputStream.readObject(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
以上是几种常见的java序列化和反序列化协议的使用
他们的序列化后的大小:
xml>java原生>hessian>json>protobuf