1.列出HBase所有的表的相关信息,例如表名;
list
2.在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据;
scan ‘student’
3.向已经创建好的表添加和删除指定的列族或列;
put ‘student’,’2018’,’Sname’,’boss’
delete ‘student’,’2018’,’Sname’
4.清空指定的表的所有记录数据;
truncate ‘student’
5.统计表的行数。
count ‘student’
(二)HBase数据库操作
1. 现有以下关系型数据库中的表和数据,要求将其转换为适合于HBase存储的表并插入数据:
学生表(Student)
学号(S_No) | 姓名(S_Name) | 性别(S_Sex) | 年龄(S_Age) |
2015001 | Zhangsan | male | 23 |
2015003 | Mary | female | 22 |
2015003 | Lisi | male | 24 |
创建Student表 如图1.1
Create ‘Student’,’S_No’,’S_Name’,’S_Sex’,’S_Age’
图1.1
添加属性如图1.2
put 'Student','s01','S_No','2015001'
put 'Student','s01','S_Name','Zhangsan'
put 'Student','s01','S_Sex','male'
put 'Student','s01','S_Age','23'
图1.2
添加属性如图1.3
put 'Student','s02','S_No','2015002'
put 'Student','s02','S_Name','Mary'
put 'Student','s02','S_Sex','female'
put 'Student','s02','S_Age','22'
图1.3
添加属性如图1.4
put 'Student','s03','S_No','2015003'
put 'Student','s03','S_Name','Lisi'
put 'Student','s03','S_Sex','male'
put 'Student','s03','S_Age','24'
图1.4
课程表(Course)
课程号(C_No) | 课程名(C_Name) | 学分(C_Credit) |
123001 | Math | 2.0 |
123002 | Computer Science | 5.0 |
123003 | English | 3.0 |
创建Course表如图2.1
create 'Course','C_No','C_Name','C_Credit'
图2.1
put 'Course','c01','C_No','123001'
put 'Course','c01','C_Name','Math'
put 'Course','c01','C_Credit','2.0'
put 'Course','c02','C_No','123002'
put 'Course','c02','C_Name','Computer Science'
put 'Course','c02','C_Credit','5.0'
put 'Course','c03','C_No','123003'
put 'Course','c03','C_Name','English'
put 'Course','c03','C_Credit','3.0'
图2.2
选课表(SC)
学号(SC_Sno) | 课程号(SC_Cno) | 成绩(SC_Score) |
2015001 | 123001 | 86 |
2015001 | 123003 | 69 |
2015002 | 123002 | 77 |
2015002 | 123003 | 99 |
2015003 | 123001 | 98 |
2015003 | 123002 | 95 |
create 'SC','SC_Sno','SC_Cno','SC_Score'
图3.1
put 'SC','sc01','SC_Sno','2015001'
put 'SC','sc01','SC_Cno','123001'
put 'SC','sc01','SC_Score','86'
put 'SC','sc02','SC_Sno','2015001'
put 'SC','sc02','SC_Cno','123003'
put 'SC','sc02','SC_Score','69'
put 'SC','sc03','SC_Sno','2015002'
put 'SC','sc03','SC_Cno','123002'
put 'SC','sc03','SC_Score','77'
put 'SC','sc04','SC_Sno','2015002'
put 'SC','sc04','SC_Cno','123003'
put 'SC','sc04','SC_Score','99'
put 'SC','sc05','SC_Sno','2015003'
put 'SC','sc05','SC_Cno','123001'
put 'SC','sc05','SC_Score','98'
put 'SC','sc06','SC_Sno','2015003'
put 'SC','sc06','SC_Cno','123002'
put 'SC','sc06','SC_Score','95'
2. 请编程实现以下功能:
创建一个java项目图
图4.1
图4.2
代码
- //建立连接
- public static void init(){
- configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
- configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
- try{
- connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
- admin = connection.getAdmin();
- }catch (IOException e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- //关闭连接
- public static void close(){
- try{
- if(admin != null){
- admin.close();
- }
- if(null != connection){
- connection.close();
- }
- }catch (IOException e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
(1)createTable(String tableName, String[] fields)
创建表,参数tableName为表的名称,字符串数组fields为存储记录各个字段名称的数组。要求当HBase已经存在名为tableName的表的时候,先删除原有的表,然后再创建新的表。
- //建表
- public static void createTable(String tableName, String[] fields) throws IOException {
- init(); //建立与hbase的链接
- TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
- if (admin.tableExists(tablename)) { //如果表已经存在
- System.out.println("这个"+tablename+"表已经存在咯!"); //打印表存在
- admin.disableTable(tablename); //禁用表
- admin.deleteTable(tablename); //删除表
- }
- HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tablename);
- for (String str : fields) { //将存在fields的多个属性值去除添加进表
- HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
- hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
- }
- admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
- System.out.println("创建了"+tablename+"表");
- close();
- }
- //删表
- public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
- init();
- TableName tn = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
- if (admin.tableExists(tn)) {
- admin.disableTable(tn);
- admin.deleteTable(tn);
- }
- close();
- }
(2)addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values)
向表tableName、行row(用S_Name表示)和字符串数组fields指定的单元格中添加对应的数据values。其中,fields中每个元素如果对应的列族下还有相应的列限定符的话,用“columnFamily:column”表示。例如,同时向“Math”、“Computer Science”、“English”三列添加成绩时,字符串数组fields为{“Score:Math”, ”Score:Computer Science”, ”Score:English”},数组values存储这三门课的成绩。
- public static void addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values) throws IOException {
- init();
- Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
- for (int i = 0; i != fields.length; i++) {
- Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
- String[] cols = fields[i].split(":");
- put.addColumn(cols[0].getBytes(), cols[1].getBytes(), values[i].getBytes());
- table.put(put);
- }
- table.close();
- System.out.println("这个"+row+"列放入了列限定和值!"); //打印列删除
- close();
- }
Java代码运行界面
Hbase Shell里检查school发现插入了这些值
(3)scanColumn(String tableName, String column)
浏览表tableName某一列的数据,如果某一行记录中该列数据不存在,则返回null。要求当参数column为某一列族名称时,如果底下有若干个列限定符,则要列出每个列限定符代表的列的数据;当参数column为某一列具体名称(例如“Score:Math”)时,只需要列出该列的数据。
- public static void scanColumn(String tableName, String column) throws IOException {
- init();
- Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
- Scan scan = new Scan();
- scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes(column));
- ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
- for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner.next()) {
- showCell(result);
- }
- table.close();
- close();
- }
Java代码运行界面
(4)modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val)
修改表tableName,行row(可以用学生姓名S_Name表示),列column指定的单元格的数据。
Java代码运行界面
- public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val) throws IOException {
- long ts = 0;
- init();
- Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
- Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
- Scan scan = new Scan();
- ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
- for (Result r : resultScanner) {
- for (Cell cell : r.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
- ts = cell.getTimestamp();
- }
- }
- put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
- table.put(put);
- System.out.println(tableName+"表的"+row+"行的"+column+"列已经修改为:"+val); //打印列删除
- table.close();
- close();
- }
运行代码之前查看表 school
运行代码修改Score的Score:Math的值为-1533
进入hbase shell查看修改成功
(5)deleteRow(String tableName, String row)
删除表tableName中row指定的行的记录。
- //删除数据
- public static void deleteRow(String tableName, String row) throws IOException {
- init();
- Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
- Delete delete=new Delete(row.getBytes());
- table.delete(delete);
- System.out.println("这个"+delete+"行已经删除咯!"); //打印列删除
- table.close();
- close();
- }