linux磁盘配额

限定用户或组对磁盘空间的使用

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qf `which quota`
quota-4.01-11.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc3
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir /tmp/sdc3
[root@localhost ~]#mount /dev/sdc3 /tmp/sdc3/

[root@localhost ~]# mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /tmp/sdc3/
[root@localhost ~]# mount

/dev/sdc3 on /tmp/sdc3 type ext4 (rw,relatime,quota,usrquota,grpquota,data=ordered)

永久生效

/dev/sdc3                                 /tmp/sdc3               ext4    defaults,usrquota,grpquota  0 0 写在/tec/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# tail -n 1 /etc/fstab
/dev/sdc3                                 /tmp/sdc3               ext4    defaults,usrquota,grpquota  0 0

#检测磁盘配额并生成配额的文件

[root@localhost ~]#quotacheck -cugv /tmp/sdc3/

[root@localhost ~]# ll -a /tmp/sdc3/
total 29
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  1024 Dec  2 17:48 .
drwxrwxrwt. 15 root root  4096 Dec  2 17:48 ..
-rw-------   1 root root  6144 Dec  2 17:48 aquota.group
-rw-------   1 root root  6144 Dec  2 17:48 aquota.user
drwx------   2 root root 12288 Dec  2 17:34 lost+found

确保关闭selinux 与selinux有关
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce  #disabled关闭状态
Disabled

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config  #没关的时候打开文件 设置SELINUX=disabled

#用户和组的配额设置

[root@localhost ~]# useradd hcr
[root@localhost ~]# id hcr
uid=5007(hcr) gid=5007(hcr) groups=5007(hcr)

[root@localhost ~]# edquota -g hcr  #自动打开vim 设置
      1 Disk quotas for group hcr (gid 5007):
      2   Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft     hard
      3   /dev/sdc3                         80         50         80          0        0       # 0

#激活磁盘配额

[root@localhost ~]# quotaon -ugv /tmp/sdc3/
/dev/sdc3 [/tmp/sdc3]: group quotas turned on
/dev/sdc3 [/tmp/sdc3]: user quotas turned on

#测试

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /tmp/sdc3/test  #在sdc3下创建test目录 然后切换到hcr用户

[hcr@localhost test]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=hcr.txt bs=1k count=90     #block 1k 设置hard容量80k 所以超过80k报错error 大于50k会报警
sdc3: warning, group block quota exceeded.
sdc3: write failed, group block limit reached.
dd: error writing ‘hcr.txt’: Disk quota exceeded
81+0 records in
80+0 records out
81920 bytes (82 kB) copied, 0.000472524 s, 173 MB/s

[hcr@localhost test]$ ll -h
total 80K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hcr hcr 80K Dec  2 18:13 hcr.txt

#说明
[root@localhost ~]# tune2fs -l /dev/sdc3 | grep size   #查看blocksize
Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Block size:               1024
Fragment size:            1024
Group descriptor size:    64
Flex block group size:    16
Inode size:              128

#说明磁盘配额中的blocks 一个block是1K