Dom4j读写XML简介

要使用dom4j读写XML文档,需要先下载dom4j包,dom4j官方网站在 [url]http://www.dom4j.org/[/url]
目前最新dom4j包下载地址:[url]http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/dom4j/dom4j-1.6.1.zip[/url]

解开后有两个包,仅操作XML文档的话把dom4j-1.6.1.jar加入工程就可以了,如果需要使用XPath的话还需要加入包jaxen-1.1-beta-7.jar.

以下是相关操作:

[b]一.Document对象相关[/b]
1.读取XML文件,获得document对象.

 

            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            Document  document = reader.read(new File("input.xml"));

2.解析XML形式的文本,得到document对象.

 

            String text = "<members></members>";
            Document document = DocumentHelper.parseText(text);

3.主动创建document对象.

 

            Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
            Element root = document.addElement("members");// 创建根节点

4.设置Document的编码格式

Document doc = new DefaultDocument();   
doc.addElement("root");   

System.out.println(doc.asXML());   

doc.setXMLEncoding("gbk"); //设置xml编码格式

System.out.println(doc.asXML());  

[b]二.节点相关[/b]
1.获取文档的根节点.

 

Element rootElm = document.getRootElement();

2.取得某节点的单个子节点.

 

Element memberElm=root.element("member");// "member"是节点名

3.取得节点的文字

 

String text=memberElm.getText();

也可以用:

 

String text=root.elementText("name");这个是取得根节点下的name字节点的文字.

4.取得某节点下名为"member"的所有字节点并进行遍历.

 

List nodes = rootElm.elements("member");

for (Iterator it = nodes.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
   Element elm = (Element) it.next();
   // do something
}

5.对某节点下的所有子节点进行遍历.

 
            for(Iterator it=root.elementIterator();it.hasNext();){
                Element element = (Element) it.next();
                // do something
            }

6.在某节点下添加子节点.

 
Element ageElm = newMemberElm.addElement("age");

7.设置节点文字.

 
ageElm.setText("29");

8.删除某节点.

 
parentElm.remove(childElm);// childElm是待删除的节点,parentElm是其父节点

[b]三.属性相关.[/b]
1.取得某节点下的某属性

 

            Element root=document.getRootElement();    
            Attribute attribute=root.attribute("size");// 属性名name

2.取得属性的文字

 
      String text=attribute.getText();

也可以用:

 
String text2=root.element("name").attributeValue("firstname");
//这个是取得根节点下name字节点的属性firstname的值.

3.遍历某节点的所有属性

 

            Element root=document.getRootElement();    
            for(Iterator it=root.attributeIterator();it.hasNext();){
                Attribute attribute = (Attribute) it.next();
                String text=attribute.getText();
                System.out.println(text);
            }

4.设置某节点的属性和文字.

 
newMemberElm.addAttribute("name", "sitinspring");

5.设置属性的文字

    
        Attribute attribute=root.attribute("name");
            attribute.setText("sitinspring");

6.删除某属性

     Attribute attribute=root.attribute("size");// 属性名name
            root.remove(attribute);

7.加入一行注释

/** 根节点下加入一行注释 */
root.addComment("This is a test");

[b]四.将文档写入XML文件.[/b]
1.文档中全为英文,不设置编码,直接写入的形式.

XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("output.xml"));
writer.write(document);
writer.close();

2.文档中含有中文,设置编码格式写入的形式.

            OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
            format.setEncoding("GBK");    // 指定XML编码        
            XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("output.xml"),format);

            writer.write(document);
            writer.close();

[b]五.字符串与XML的转换[/b]
1.将字符串转化为XML

String text = "<members> <member>sitinspring</member> </members>";
Document document = DocumentHelper.parseText(text);

2.将文档或节点的XML转化为字符串.

            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            Document  document = reader.read(new File("input.xml"));            
    Element root=document.getRootElement();                
            String docXmlText=document.asXML();
            String rootXmlText=root.asXML();
            Element memberElm=root.element("member");
            String memberXmlText=memberElm.asXML();

[b]六.使用XPath快速找到节点.[/b]
读取的XML文档示例

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<projectDescription>
  <name>MemberManagement</name>
  <comment></comment>
  <projects>
    <project>PRJ1</project>
    <project>PRJ2</project>
    <project>PRJ3</project>
    <project>PRJ4</project>
  </projects>
  <buildSpec>
    <buildCommand>
      <name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
      <arguments>
      </arguments>
    </buildCommand>
  </buildSpec>
  <natures>
    <nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
  </natures>
</projectDescription>

使用XPath快速找到节点project.

public static void main(String[] args){
    SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

    try{
      Document  doc = reader.read(new File("sample.xml"));

      List projects=doc.selectNodes("/projectDescription/projects/project");

      Iterator it=projects.iterator();

      while(it.hasNext()){
        Element elm=(Element)it.next();       
        System.out.println(elm.getText());
      }

    }
    catch(Exception ex){
       ex.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

举例：创建一个xml文件c:/test.xml, 为该文件增加三个节点<a id="1"/>,<b id="2"/>,<c id="3">，将b的attribute改为4并保存。

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import java.io.*;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;  

public class XmlDom4J{
public void generateDocument(){
  Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
  Element catalogElement = document.addElement("a");
  catalogElement.addAttribute("id", "1");
  catalogElement = document.addElement("b");
  catalogElement.addAttribute("id", "2");
  catalogElement = document.addElement("c");
  catalogElement.addAttribute("id", "3");
  try{
  XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(
  new FileWriter( new File("c:/test.xml") ));
  output.write( document );
  output.close();
  }
  catch(IOException e){System.out.println(e.getMessage());}
  }

public void modifyDocument(File inputXml){
  try{
  SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
  Document document = saxReader.read(inputXml);
  List list = document.selectNodes("b" );
  Iterator iter=list.iterator();
  while(iter.hasNext()){
  Attribute attribute=(Attribute)iter.next();
  if(attribute.getValue().equals("2"))
  attribute.setValue("4");  
  }

  XMLWriter output = new XMLWriter(
  new FileWriter( new File("c:/test.xml") ));
  output.write( document );
  output.close();
  }

  catch(DocumentException e)
  {
  System.out.println(e.getMessage());
  }
  catch(IOException e){
  System.out.println(e.getMessage());
  }
 }


public static void main(String[] argv){
XmlDom4J dom4j=new XmlDom4J();
dom4j.generateDocument();
dom4jParser.modifyDocument(new File("c:/test.xml"));
}} 

[b]摘自：[/b]
[url]http://www.blogjava.net/junglesong/archive/2008/02/21/181196.html[/url]