基于Silverlight + WCF设计实现汽车实时数据监控

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xingjunli/article/details/5618187

最近团队有一些小的变动，项目比较忙比较来这溜达。今天休息抽空在原汽车动画的基础上做了个实时监控的功能DEMO分享给大家。先来个图有图有真相:

汽车监控示例图

演示地址: http://xingjunli.webs.com/SilverlightCar.html

需求提出：假定要从服务器获取当前汽车运行参数信息返回给客户端显示，实现一个汽车实时数据监控的功能；

方案一：

在页面实现一个定时器，定时向服务器发出请求，将返回数据更新致页面显示(当然Silverlight的双向通讯功能也可实现同样的功能，不过代码其逻辑相对复杂，调试及保持其稳定性稍有挑战)，这种方式对服务器而言压力比较大，客户端服务重用性也打了折扣；

方案二：

通过客户端事件监控器，从客户端主动发送请求，实时访问服务；通过事件预定的方式向客户端发送数据；同时根据服务器负载能力定义一个可配置的（Interval）参数；并通过一个客户端缓存来判断数据是否更新、并通知客户程序更新；静态图如下:

实时监控静态类图

客户端实现:

1、 IObserver：实现观察者监控器，根据用户注册的事件，响应客户端事件更新;

2、 EventMonitor:实现具体的业务，同服务器交互;

3、 ClientSnapShot:客户端缓存，用于保存判断数据是否有修改更新

服务空器端实现:

1、 CarInfoServer：服务器业务信息，获取汽车运行实时参数(对外实现数据查询服务，本身并不主动提交)

2、 CarInfoRegistry:服务器缓存，模拟定时更新汽车运行实时数据

方案二优点：

1、为客户端应用带来更大自由度，借助事件监听器控制自己想要访问的内容，一个服务可监控一系列注册的事件，或者向多个服务发起数据请求，实现动态的插拔；

2、有一些服务是外部开发的，要实现主动提交信息、集成比较困难，借助一个中间件来整合更方便、可行性更高,中间件也能更好的监控相关服务的运行和使用情况；

3、如果客户端响应相同事件的客户程序较多时，能有效的减轻服务器负担；

实现代码：

服务器端：

数据实体：

/// <summary> /// 汽车运行参数实体 /// </summary> public class CarEntiry { /// <summary> /// 汽车唯一识别号 /// </summary> public String CarVIN { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 速度 /// </summary> public Double Speed { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 发动机转速 /// </summary> public Double Revolution { get;set;} }

/// <summary> /// 业务服务接口 /// </summary> [ServiceContract] public interface ICarMonitor { /// <summary> /// 获取汽车运行实时参数 /// </summary> /// <param name="carVin"></param> /// <returns></returns> [OperationContract] CarEntiry GetRealTimeCarInfo(String carVin); //.... }

public class CarInfoServer : ICarMonitor { //[OperationContract] public CarEntiry GetRealTimeCarInfo(string carVin) { return CarInfoRegistry.GetCarInfo(carVin); } }

/// <summary> /// 服务器模拟更新汽车实时信息功能 /// </summary> static class CarInfoRegistry { public static IDictionary<String, CarEntiry> CarInfos; private static Random rand; private static Timer timer; //模拟服务器定时更新实时数据 static void UpdataSpeed(object sender,ElapsedEventArgs args) { if (CarInfos.Count > 0) { foreach (String key in CarInfos.Keys) { CarInfos[key].Speed = rand.Next(0, 220); CarInfos[key].Revolution = rand.Next(0, 8000); } } } static CarInfoRegistry() { rand = new Random(); timer = new Timer(3000); timer.Elapsed += UpdataSpeed; timer.Enabled = true; timer.Start(); CarInfos = new Dictionary<string, CarEntiry>(); } /// <summary> /// 要据汽车唯一识别号获取实时运行实时数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="vin"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static CarEntiry GetCarInfo(String vin) { if (!CarInfos.ContainsKey(vin)) { CarInfos.Add(vin, new CarEntiry() { CarVIN = vin, Speed = rand.Next(0, 220), Revolution = rand.Next(0, 8000) }); } return CarInfos[vin]; } }

客户端（客户需添加CarInfoServer的web引用）：

static class ClientSnapShot { public const String SpeedId = "Speed"; public const String RevolutionId = "Revolution"; private static IDictionary<string, Double> dictionary = new Dictionary<String, Double>(); static ClientSnapShot() { dictionary.Add(SpeedId,0.0); dictionary.Add(RevolutionId,0.0); } public static Boolean Equals(String key,Double monitorValue) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) throw new ArgumentException("key"); if (!dictionary.ContainsKey(key)) throw new ArgumentException("Cannot find item"); bool isEqual = Double.Equals(dictionary[key],monitorValue); if (!isEqual) dictionary[key] = monitorValue; return isEqual; } }

public class MonitorEventArgs:EventArgs { private Double newValue; public Double NewValue { get {return newValue;}} public MonitorEventArgs(Double nValue) { this.newValue = nValue; } }

public class EventMonitor { private DispatcherTimer timer; private ICarMonitor monitorClient; private String carVin; private int interval; /// <summary> /// EventMonitor 监控频率 /// </summary> public int Interval { get{return interval;} set{this.interval = value;} } /// <summary> /// 汽车唯一识别号 /// </summary> public String Vin { get { return carVin; } set { carVin = value; } } #region 对外预定事件 public event EventHandler<MonitorEventArgs> SpeedChanged; public event EventHandler<MonitorEventArgs> RevolutionChanged; #endregion public EventMonitor(ICarMonitor client,String vin) { bool registerResult = WebRequest.RegisterPrefix("http://", WebRequestCreator.ClientHttp); bool httpsResult = WebRequest.RegisterPrefix("https://", WebRequestCreator.ClientHttp); this.monitorClient = client; timer = new DispatcherTimer(); this.carVin = vin; } //轮循执行要执行的业务逻辑 void Refersh(object sender, EventArgs e) { monitorClient.BeginGetRealTimeCarInfo(Vin, new AsyncCallback(MonitorCallBack), null); } public void MonitorCallBack(IAsyncResult result) { CarEntiry entity = monitorClient.EndGetRealTimeCarInfo(result); if (SpeedChanged != null){ if(!ClientSnapShot.Equals(ClientSnapShot.SpeedId,entity.Speed)) SpeedChanged(this,new MonitorEventArgs(entity.Speed)); } if (RevolutionChanged != null) { if(!ClientSnapShot.Equals(ClientSnapShot.RevolutionId,entity.Revolution)) RevolutionChanged(this, new MonitorEventArgs(entity.Revolution)); } } public void start() { timer.Tick += Refersh; timer.Interval = new TimeSpan(this.interval); timer.Start(); } public void stop() { timer.Stop(); timer.Tick -= Refersh; } }

Silverlight实时仪表实现:

仪表XAML:

仪表后台代码：

public partial class UCarMonitor : UserControl { public UCarMonitor() { //Required to initialize variables InitializeComponent(); this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(UCarMonitor_Loaded); } private bool isMenuClose = false; void UCarMonitor_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { sbMenu.Begin(); CanvasControl.MouseLeftButtonUp += new MouseButtonEventHandler(CanvasControl_MouseLeftButtonUp); } #region 自定义属性 private Double _speed; private Double _revolution; /// <summary> /// 速度 /// </summary> public Double Speed { get { return _speed; } set { _speed = value; SetSpeed(_speed); } } /// <summary> /// 转速 /// </summary> public Double Revolution { get { return _revolution; } set { _revolution = value; SetRevolution(_revolution); } } #endregion void CanvasControl_MouseLeftButtonUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e) { //sbClose.Stop(); DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames frames1 = sbClose.Children[0] as DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames; DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames frames2 = sbClose.Children[1] as DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames; if (isMenuClose) { frames1.KeyFrames[0].Value = 206; frames2.KeyFrames[0].Value = 0; } else { frames1.KeyFrames[0].Value = 32; frames2.KeyFrames[0].Value = 180; } sbClose.Begin(); isMenuClose = !isMenuClose; } Double [] speed = { 0.0,220.0}; Double [] speedAngle = {-24.0,205.0 }; Double [] revolution = { 0, 8000 }; Double [] revolutionAngle ={-20.0,203.0 }; void SetSpeed(Double sp) { DoubleAnimation ani = sbPointerL.Children[0] as DoubleAnimation; ani.To = GetAngle(speed, speedAngle,sp); sbPointerL.Begin(); } void SetRevolution(Double revol) { DoubleAnimation ani = sbPointerR.Children[0] as DoubleAnimation; ani.To = GetAngle(revolution, revolutionAngle, revol); sbPointerR.Begin(); } /// <summary> /// 获取要旋转的角度 /// </summary> /// <param name="actualRange"></param> /// <param name="angleRange"></param> /// <param name="inputValue"></param> /// <returns></returns> private Double GetAngle(Double[] actualRange, Double[] angleRange, Double inputValue) { if (inputValue <= actualRange[0])return angleRange[0]; else if (inputValue >= actualRange[1]) return angleRange[1]; else { return angleRange[0] + (angleRange[1] - angleRange[0]) * (inputValue - actualRange[0]) / (actualRange[1] - actualRange[0]); } } }

主页面事件注册:

<local:UCarMonitor x:Name="myMonitor" Height="132" Canvas.Top="240" Speed="50.0" Revolution="50.0" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Width="208"/>

public partial class MainPage : UserControl { ICarMonitor myClient; EventMonitor monitor; private SynchronizationContext currentContext; public MainPage() { InitializeComponent(); this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded); currentContext = SynchronizationContext.Current; } void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { myClient = new CarMonitorClient("BasicHttpBinding_ICarMonitor"); monitor = new EventMonitor(myClient, "123456"); monitor.Interval = 3000; monitor.SpeedChanged += SpeedChanged; monitor.RevolutionChanged += RevolutionChanged; monitor.start(); } void SpeedChanged(object sender,MonitorEventArgs args) { currentContext.Post(SetSpeed,args.NewValue); } void RevolutionChanged(object sender, MonitorEventArgs args) { currentContext.Post(SetRevolution, args.NewValue); } private void SetSpeed(object value) { myMonitor.Speed = Double.Parse(value.ToString()); } private void SetRevolution(object value) { myMonitor.Revolution = Double.Parse(value.ToString()); } }

结束语:事件监控器通过对访问WCF的事件进行包装，通过轮循的方式定时请求数据，并不是真正的实时监控，而数据请求的频率、客户端数量、服务器负载能力，都要求我们必须可控，如果过于频繁可能会压垮服务器。