我们当然不希望用户看到这种现象,简直是对用户心灵上的打击,而且对我们的bug的修复也是毫无帮助的。我们需要的是软件有一个全局的异常捕获器,当出现一个我们没有发现的异常时,捕获这个异常,并且将异常信息记录下来,上传到服务器公开发这分析出现异常的具体原因。
接下来我们就来实现这一机制,不过首先我们还是来了解以下两个类:android.app.Application和java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler。
Application:用来管理应用程序的全局状态。在应用程序启动时Application会首先创建,然后才会根据情况(Intent)来启动相应的Activity和Service。本示例中将在自定义加强版的Application中注册未捕获异常处理器。
Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler:线程未捕获异常处理器,用来处理未捕获异常。如果程序出现了未捕获异常,默认会弹出系统中强制关闭对话框。我们需要实现此接口,并注册为程序中默认未捕获异常处理。这样当未捕获异常发生时,就可以做一些个性化的异常处理操作。(转自csdn的Kevin Meng的博客)
- package com.scott.crash;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.PrintWriter;
- import java.io.StringWriter;
- import java.io.Writer;
- import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
- import java.lang.reflect.Field;
- import java.text.DateFormat;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
- import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
- import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
- import android.os.Build;
- import android.os.Environment;
- import android.os.Looper;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- /**
- * UncaughtException处理类,当程序发生Uncaught异常的时候,有该类来接管程序,并记录发送错误报告.
- *
- * @author user
- *
- */
- public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {
- public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";
- //系统默认的UncaughtException处理类
- private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
- //CrashHandler实例
- private static CrashHandler INSTANCE = new CrashHandler();
- //程序的Context对象
- private Context mContext;
- //用来存储设备信息和异常信息
- private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();
- //用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分
- private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");
- /** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */
- private CrashHandler() {
- }
- /** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */
- public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
- return INSTANCE;
- }
- /**
- * 初始化
- *
- * @param context
- */
- public void init(Context context) {
- mContext = context;
- //获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器
- mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
- //设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器
- Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
- }
- /**
- * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理
- */
- @Override
- public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
- if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {
- //如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理
- mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
- } else {
- try {
- Thread.sleep(3000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);
- }
- //退出程序
- android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
- System.exit(1);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.
- *
- * @param ex
- * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.
- */
- private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {
- if (ex == null) {
- return false;
- }
- //使用Toast来显示异常信息
- new Thread() {
- @Override
- public void run() {
- Looper.prepare();
- Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出现异常,即将退出.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
- Looper.loop();
- }
- }.start();
- //收集设备参数信息
- collectDeviceInfo(mContext);
- //保存日志文件
- saveCrashInfo2File(ex);
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 收集设备参数信息
- * @param ctx
- */
- public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {
- try {
- PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();
- PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
- if (pi != null) {
- String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;
- String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";
- infos.put("versionName", versionName);
- infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);
- }
- } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);
- }
- Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();
- for (Field field : fields) {
- try {
- field.setAccessible(true);
- infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
- Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 保存错误信息到文件中
- *
- * @param ex
- * @return 返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器
- */
- private String saveCrashInfo2File(Throwable ex) {
- StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {
- String key = entry.getKey();
- String value = entry.getValue();
- sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");
- }
- Writer writer = new StringWriter();
- PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
- ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
- Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
- while (cause != null) {
- cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
- cause = cause.getCause();
- }
- printWriter.close();
- String result = writer.toString();
- sb.append(result);
- try {
- long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
- String time = formatter.format(new Date());
- String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";
- if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
- String path = "/sdcard/crash/";
- File dir = new File(path);
- if (!dir.exists()) {
- dir.mkdirs();
- }
- FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
- fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
- fos.close();
- }
- return fileName;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
下面是一个保存错误日志的的工具类的代码:
package com.sinoglobal.app.pianyi.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Environment;
public class SaveLog {
private static SaveLog instance = null;
private static String path;
private LogDumper mLogDumper = null;
private int mPId;
private SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat1 = new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyyMMdd");
private SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat2 = new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
public static SaveLog getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new SaveLog();
}
return instance;
}
private SaveLog() {
mPId = android.os.Process.myPid();
}
public void startLogcatManager(Context context) {
String folderPath = null;
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
folderPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + "狠便宜";
} else {
folderPath = context.getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath()
+ File.separator + "狠便宜";
}
SaveLog.getInstance().start(folderPath);
}
public void stopLogcatManager() {
SaveLog.getInstance().stop();
}
private void setFolderPath(String folderPath) {
File folder = new File(folderPath);
if (!folder.exists()) {
folder.mkdirs();
}
if (!folder.isDirectory()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"The logcat folder path is not a directory: " + folderPath);
}
path = folderPath.endsWith("/") ? folderPath : folderPath + "/";
LogUtil.d(path);
}
public void start(String saveDirectoy) {
setFolderPath(saveDirectoy);
if (mLogDumper == null) {
mLogDumper = new LogDumper(String.valueOf(mPId), path);
}
mLogDumper.start();
}
public void stop() {
if (mLogDumper != null) {
mLogDumper.stopLogs();
mLogDumper = null;
}
}
private class LogDumper extends Thread {
private Process logcatProc;
private BufferedReader mReader = null;
private boolean mRunning = true;
String cmds = null;
private String mPID;
private FileOutputStream out = null;
public LogDumper(String pid, String dir) {
mPID = pid;
try {
out = new FileOutputStream(new File(dir, "logcat-"
+ simpleDateFormat1.format(new Date()) + ".log"), true);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
cmds = "logcat *:e *:w | grep \"(" + mPID + ")\"";
}
public void stopLogs() {
mRunning = false;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
logcatProc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds);
mReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
logcatProc.getInputStream()), 1024);
String line = null;
while (mRunning && (line = mReader.readLine()) != null) {
if (!mRunning) {
break;
}
if (line.length() == 0) {
continue;
}
if (out != null && line.contains(mPID)) {
out.write((simpleDateFormat2.format(new Date()) + " "
+ line + "\n").getBytes());
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (logcatProc != null) {
logcatProc.destroy();
logcatProc = null;
}
if (mReader != null) {
try {
mReader.close();
mReader = null;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (out != null) {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
out = null;
}
}
}
}
}