Centeros7安装Mysql

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已于 2022-08-31 10:00:11 修改

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于 2022-06-10 15:54:33 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xinhengqq/article/details/125221971

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1.卸载mariadb

[root@172-16-112-171 db_house_manage]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@172-16-112-171 db_house_manage]# yum remove mariadb
已加载插件：fastestmirror
参数 mariadb 没有匹配
不删除任何软件包
[root@172-16-112-171 db_house_manage]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@172-16-112-171 db_house_manage]# yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在解决依赖关系

2.安装mysql

2.1.准备rpm

在本地下载好上传服务器，或是使用命令下载

下载地址：http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpmhttp://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

或者使用：

wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

2.2.开始安装MySQL服务器

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在检查 mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql57-community-release.noarch.0.el7-10 将被 安装

然后运行：yum -y install mysql-community-server


已安装:
  mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10                                                   

完毕！
[root@k8s-worker xinheng]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

中途发现问题（截取一部分）：

 指纹       : 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 软件包     : centos-release-7-5.1804.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
 来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 用户ID     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 指纹       : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 软件包     : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch (installed)
 来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql


mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装


 失败的软件包是：mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG  密钥配置为：file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

解决方法：

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

然后继续安装

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
base                                                                                                                                | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                              | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                             | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.38-1.el7 将被 安装

最后出现：

已安装:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7                                                                                                                                                

作为依赖被安装:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7   mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7   mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7     net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7  
  perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9                 perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7                perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7                perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7            
  perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7             perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7          perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7                perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7         
  perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7            perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7             perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9       perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7         
  perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7            perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7             perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7   perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-5.el7             
  perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7              perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7       perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7          perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7        
  perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7              perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9            perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9          perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7           
  perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7            perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7               perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7       

完毕！
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]#

安装结束。

2.3.查看是否安装成功

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root      75271  36590  0 03:21 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]#

2.4.启动mysql

首次启动命令：systemctl start mysqld.service

查看MySQL运行状态：systemctl status mysqld.service 如下：

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]#  systemctl start  mysqld.service
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2022-06-10 03:24:22 EDT; 10s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 77669 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 77571 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 77672 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─77672 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

6月 10 03:24:18 172-16-112-171 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
6月 10 03:24:22 172-16-112-171 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]#

2.5.设置密码

先获取默认密码：（密码为root@localhost: 后面的，每个人不一样）

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2022-06-10T07:24:19.405311Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ;1rpRa9cqt_a
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]#

使用初始密码登录，强烈建议使用mysql -uroot -p 回车之后再输入密码，为了安全；以下是输入初始密码后的展示：

[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

然后更改设置我们自己的密码，命令为ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '你自己的密码'; （别忘了分号）：

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '*****';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

接着更新权限：

mysql> flush privileges; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

退出：（或则和Ctr+D）

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@172-16-112-171 xinheng]#

2.6.补充

2.6.1.远程连接

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.10' identified by 'password' with grant option;

注意：命令开启的IP是 192.168.0.10，如要开启所有的，用%代替IP


mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '你自己设密码' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2.6.2.开启端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

如果出现以下，开启防火墙即可，最后重新导入（firewall-cmd --reload）

[root@k8s-worker xinheng]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
FirewallD is not running

开启防火墙：systemctl start firewalld

关闭防火墙：systemctl stop firewalld

查看防火墙状态：systemctl status firewalld

[root@k8s-worker xinheng]# systemctl start firewalld
[root@k8s-worker xinheng]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@k8s-worker xinheng]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

2.6.3.更改mysql的编码

输入：vi /etc/my.cnf 在下图指示位置添加：

纯文字如下：

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

然后保存，关闭后，重启mysql，命令：service mysqld restart

最后检查下：

mysql> show  variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

之后就可以连接数据库，输入汉字了。

2.6.4 sql错误

SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column

解决方法：MySQL版本问题，输入：vi /etc/my.cnf命令，在最末尾添加：

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

然后，输入 systemctl restart mysqld.service 重启服务；

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Centeros7安装Mysql

2.安装mysql2.1.准备rpm在本地下载好上传服务器，或是使用命令下载下载地址：http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpmhttp://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm或者使用： 2.2.开始安装MySQL服务器然后运行：yum -y install mysql-community-server
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