JVM性能调优监控工具进行-JDK

一、 jps(Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool)      ：基础工具   

jps主要用来输出JVM中运行的进程状态信息。语法格式如下：

usage: jps [-help]
       jps [-q] [-mlvV] [<hostid>]

Definitions:
    <hostid>:      <hostname>[:<port>]




如果不指定hostid就默认为当前主机或服务器。

命令行参数选项说明如下：

-q 不输出类名、Jar名和传入main方法的参数

-m 输出传入main方法的参数

-l 输出main类或Jar的全限名

-v 输出传入JVM的参数

二、 jstack 

jstack主要用来查看某个Java进程内的线程堆栈信息。语法格式如下：

Usage:
    jstack [-l] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jstack -F [-m] [-l] <pid>
        (to connect to a hung process)
    jstack [-m] [-l] <executable> <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jstack [-m] [-l] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to a remote debug server)

Options:
    -F  to force a thread dump. Use when jstack <pid> does not respond (process is hung)
    -m  to print both java and native frames (mixed mode)
    -l  long listing. Prints additional information about locks
    -h or -help to print this help message




命令行参数选项说明如下：

-l long listings，会打印出额外的锁信息，在发生死锁时可以用jstack -l pid来观察锁持有情况

-m mixed mode，不仅会输出Java堆栈信息，还会输出C/C++堆栈信息（比如Native方法）



jstack可以定位到线程堆栈，根据堆栈信息我们可以定位到具体代码，所以它在JVM性能调优中使用得非常多。

 

三、 jmap（Memory Map）和 jhat（Java Heap Analysis Tool）

jmap导出堆内存，然后使用jhat来进行分析，jmap语法格式如下：

Usage:
    jmap [option] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jmap [option] <executable <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jmap [option] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to remote debug server)

where <option> is one of:
    <none>               to print same info as Solaris pmap
    -heap                to print java heap summary
    -histo[:live]        to print histogram of java object heap; if the "live"
                         suboption is specified, only count live objects
    -clstats             to print class loader statistics
    -finalizerinfo       to print information on objects awaiting finalization
    -dump:<dump-options> to dump java heap in hprof binary format
                         dump-options:
                           live         dump only live objects; if not specified,
                                        all objects in the heap are dumped.
                           format=b     binary format
                           file=<file>  dump heap to <file>
                         Example: jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heap.bin <pid>
    -F                   force. Use with -dump:<dump-options> <pid> or -histo
                         to force a heap dump or histogram when <pid> does not
                         respond. The "live" suboption is not supported
                         in this mode.
    -h | -help           to print this help message
    -J<flag>             to pass <flag> directly to the runtime system

jmap进行dump命令格式如下

jmap -dump:format=b,file=dumpFileName.log pid



dump出来的文件可以用MAT、VisualVM等工具查看，这里用jhat查看
jhat -port 9999 dumpFileName.log



Reading from dumpFileName...
Dump file created Wed Nov 18 16:19:27 CST 2020
Snapshot read, resolving...
Resolving 944176 objects...
Chasing references, expect 188 dots............................................................................................................................................................................................
Eliminating duplicate references............................................................................................................................................................................................
Snapshot resolved.
Started HTTP server on port 9999
Server is ready.



注意如果Dump文件太大，可能需要加上-J-Xmx512m这种参数指定最大堆内存，即

jhat -J-Xmx512m -port 9999 dumpFileName.log

然后就可以在浏览器中输入主机地址:9999 查看了

 

四、jstat（JVM统计监测工具）

看看各个区内存和GC的情况,语法格式如下：

Usage: jstat -help|-options
       jstat -<option> [-t] [-h<lines>] <vmid> [<interval> [<count>]]

Definitions:
  <option>      An option reported by the -options option
  <vmid>        Virtual Machine Identifier. A vmid takes the following form:
                     <lvmid>[@<hostname>[:<port>]]
                Where <lvmid> is the local vm identifier for the target
                Java virtual machine, typically a process id; <hostname> is
                the name of the host running the target Java virtual machine;
                and <port> is the port number for the rmiregistry on the
                target host. See the jvmstat documentation for a more complete
                description of the Virtual Machine Identifier.
  <lines>       Number of samples between header lines.
  <interval>    Sampling interval. The following forms are allowed:
                    <n>["ms"|"s"]
                Where <n> is an integer and the suffix specifies the units as
                milliseconds("ms") or seconds("s"). The default units are "ms".
  <count>       Number of samples to take before terminating.
  -J<flag>      Pass <flag> directly to the runtime system.

jstat [ generalOption | outputOptions vmid [interval[s|ms] [count]] ]


vmid是Java虚拟机ID，在Linux/Unix系统上一般就是进程ID。
interval是采样时间间隔。
count是采样数目。

比如下面输出的是GC信息，采样时间间隔为250ms，采样数为4：
jstat -gc 21711 250 4

 

S0C、S1C、S0U、S1U：Survivor 0/1区容量（Capacity）和使用量（Used）
EC、EU：Eden区容量和使用量
OC、OU：年老代容量和使用量
PC、PU：永久代容量和使用量
YGC、YGT：年轻代GC次数和GC耗时
FGC、FGCT：Full GC次数和Full GC耗时
GCT：GC总耗时

 

五、jinfo

显示虚拟机信息。语法格式如下：

Usage:
    jinfo [option] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jinfo [option] <executable <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jinfo [option] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to remote debug server)

where <option> is one of:
    -flag <name>         to print the value of the named VM flag
    -flag [+|-]<name>    to enable or disable the named VM flag
    -flag <name>=<value> to set the named VM flag to the given value
    -flags               to print VM flags
    -sysprops            to print Java system properties
    <no option>          to print both of the above
    -h | -help           to print this help message

六、可视化管理工具

jconsole

jmc

jvisualvm