解决Python3.10报错问题 SSLError(“Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available

在Linux上执行python脚本，访问SSH远程服务时，报错：没有 paramiko。于是执行：

pip3 install paramiko 

报错：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_cffi_backend'

pip3 install --upgrade cffi

报错如下：
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple
Requirement already satisfied: cffi in ./site-packages (1.16.0)
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/cffi/
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in ./site-packages (from cffi) (2.21)
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.doubanio.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
WARNING: There was an error checking the latest version of pip.
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

解决方案：
首先：先切换镜像源，没有解决

pip3 install  https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple cffi

pip3 install https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple pyOpenSSL

pip install pymysql -i http://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

其次：没有解决，继续找根因，原来：python3.10 缺少 openssl 

解决这个问题，找到了以下博客[引用过来]，供大家参考【精选】Caused by SSLError(“Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.“) 详解_tobybo的博客-CSDN博客

第一步：安装 openssl-1.1.1

• wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1n.tar.gz --no-check-certificate 下载openssl1.1.1
• tar -zxf openssl-1.1.1n.tar.gz 解压
• cd openssl-1.1.1n
• ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl 设置安装目录 可以自定义 但是要记住，后面会用到--做了修改，把./Configure改为 ./config
• make -j && make install 编译并安装

第二步：重新编译 python3.10

• 切换到 python3.10 解压包目录 /usr/local/python3/Python-3.10.9
• 已经编译过的可以先 make clean 清理一下
• ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl --with-openssl-rpath=auto  
• make -j && make install

按照这两个步骤，问题解决。剩余详细的逻辑见博客。