详解怎样使用Axis开发Web Service的实例

一、Axis安装 1、环境 J2SE SDK 1.3 or 1.4: 我使用 1.4.2 Servlet Container: 我使用的Tomcat 5.0

2、到 http://ws.apache.org/Axis/网站下载Axis安装包

3、解压缩安装包，将Axis_UNZIP_PATH/Axis-version/webapps下的Axis包拷贝到TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/下，以下约定Axis_HOME为该TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/Axis目录

4、启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/Axis 检查安装是否成功
5、以上步骤执行成功，可以开发webservice例子了

Axis支持三种web service的部署和开发，分别为：

1、Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)

2、Stubs方式

3、Dynamic Proxy方式

二、编写DII(Dynamic Invocation Interface )方式web服务

1.编写服务端程序HelloClient

public class HelloClient { public String getName(String name) { return "hello "+name; } }

2、将源码拷贝到Axis_HOME下，重命名为 HelloClient.jws

3、访问连接http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl，页面显示Axis自动生成的wsdl

4、编写访问服务的客户端 TestHelloClient.java

import org.apache.Axis.client.Call; import org.apache.Axis.client.Service; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.rmi.RemoteException; public class SayHelloClient2 { public static void main(String[] args) { try { String endpoint = "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws"; Service service = new Service(); Call call = null; call = (Call) service.createCall(); call.setOperationName(new QName( "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws", "getName")); call.setTargetEndpointAddress (new java.net.URL(endpoint)); String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] {"zhangsan"}); System.out.println("return value is " + ret); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } }

三、编写Dynamic Proxy方式访问服务

1、编写部署服务端程序，同上边DII方式，本次仍使用上边部署的HelloClient

2、编写代理接口

public interface HelloClientInterface extends java.rmi.Remote { public String getName(String name) throws java.rmi.RemoteException; }

3、编写并执行客户端程序TestHelloClient.java

import javax.xml.rpc.Service; import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory; import java.net.URL; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; public class TestHelloClient { public static void main(String[] args) { try { String wsdlUrl = "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl"; String nameSpaceUri = "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws"; String serviceName = "HelloClientService"; String portName = "HelloClient"; ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance(); Service afService = serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl), new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName)); HelloClientInterface proxy = (HelloClientInterface) afService.getPort(new QName( nameSpaceUri, portName), HelloClientInterface.class); System.out.println ("return value is "+proxy.getName("john") ) ; }catch(Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace() ; } } }

四、编写wsdd发布web服务，编写stub client访问web服务

1、编写服务端程序server,SayHello.java，编译server.SayHello.java

package server; public class SayHello { public String getName(String name) { return "hello "+name; } } 2.编写LogHandler.java import org.apache.Axis.AxisFault; import org.apache.Axis.Handler; import org.apache.Axis.MessageContext; import org.apache.Axis.handlers.BasicHandler; import java.util.Date; public class LogHandler extends BasicHandler { public void invoke (MessageContext msgContext) throws AxisFault { /** Log an access each time we get invoked. */ try { Handler serviceHandler = msgContext.getService(); Integer numAccesses = (Integer)serviceHandler.getOption("accesses"); if (numAccesses == null) numAccesses = new Integer(0); numAccesses = new Integer (numAccesses.intValue() + 1); Date date = new Date(); String result = date + ": service " + msgContext.getTargetService() + " accessed " + numAccesses + " time(s)."; serviceHandler.setOption ("accesses", numAccesses); System.out.println(result); } catch (Exception e) { throw AxisFault.makeFault(e); } } }

3、编写wsdd文件

deploy.wsdd <deployment xmlns= "http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/" xmlns:java= "http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/providers/java"> <handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/> <service name="sayhello" provider="java:RPC"> <requestFlow> <handler type="print"/> </requestFlow> <parameter name="className" value="server.SayHello"/> <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/> </service> </deployment>

3、将编译后的文件拷贝到Axis_HOME/WEB-INF/classes下，如：D:/tomcat/webapps/Axis/WEB-INF/classes

4、发布服务：

java org.apache.Axis.client.AdminClient deploy.wsdd

5、生成client stub文件

a:方式1

将SayHello.java拷贝到Axis_HOME/下，重命名为SayHello.jws，

执行下面的命令生存client stub

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java -p client http://localhost:8080 /Axis/services/SayHello.jws?wsdl

b:方式2

执行如下命令生成SayHello.wsdl

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.Java2WSDL -oSayHello.wsdl -lhttp://localhost:8080 /Axis/services/SayHello -nsayhello server.SayHello

执行如下命令生成client stub

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java SayHello.wsdl -p client

生成的stub client文件列表为：

1.SayHello.java

2.SayHelloService.java。

3.SayHelloServiceLocator.java

4.SayHelloSoapBindingStub.java

6、编写客户端程序，编译并执行

public class SayHelloClient { public static void main(String[] args) { try { SayHelloService service = new client. SayHelloServiceLocator(); client.SayHello_PortType client = service.getSayHello(); String retValue=client.getName("zhangsan"); System.out.println(retValue); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println ("Execution failed. Exception: " + e); } } }

(T117)