利用反射分析类

反射最重要的内容——检查类的结构。

在java.lang.reflec包中有三个类Field、Method和Construct分别用来描述类的域，方法和构造器。这三个类都有一个叫getName的

方法，用来返回项目的名称。Field类有一个getType方法，用来描述域所属类型的Class对象。Method和Constructor类有能够报告

参数类型的方法，Method类还有一个能报告返回类型的方法。这三个类还有一个叫做getModidfiers的方法，它将返回一个整型数值，

用不同的位开关描述public和static这样的修饰符使用状况。另外，还可以用java.lang.reflect包中的Modifier类的静态方法分析getModifiers

返回的整型数值。例如可以用Modifier类的isPublic 、isPrivate、isFinial判断方法或构造器是否是public、private或finial。我们要做的

全部工作就是调用Modifier类的相应方法，并对返回的整型数值进行分析，另外，还可以用Modifier.toString方法将修饰符打印出来。

Class类中的getFields、getMethods、getConstructor方法将分别返回类提供的public域、方法和构造器数组，其中包括超类的公有

成员。Class类的getDeclaredFields、getDeclaredMethods和getDeclaredConstructor方法分别返回类的全部域、方法和构造器，其中

包括私有和受保护成员，但不包括超类的成员。

下面的程序将打印一个类的所有方法和构造器的签名，以及全部域名。

import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String name;
		if (args.length > 0)
			name = args[0];
		else {
			Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
			System.out.print("Enter a class: ");
			name = in.next();
		}

		try {
			Class c1 = Class.forName(name);
			Class superc1 = c1.getSuperclass();
			String modifers = Modifier.toString(c1.getModifiers());
			if (modifers.length() > 0) {
				System.out.print(modifers + " ");
			}
			System.out.print("class " + c1.getName());
			if (superc1 != null && superc1 != Object.class)
				System.out.print(" extends " + superc1.getName());

			System.out.print("\n{\n");
			printConstructors(c1);
			System.out.println();
			printMethods(c1);
			System.out.println();
			printFields(c1);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public static void printConstructors(Class c1) {
		Constructor[] constructors = c1.getDeclaredConstructors();

		for (Constructor c : constructors) {
			String name = c.getName();// 构造器名称
			System.out.print("    ");
			String modifiers = Modifier.toString(c.getModifiers());// 修饰符
			if (modifiers.length() > 0)
				System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
			System.out.print(name + "(");

			Class[] paramTypes = c.getParameterTypes();
			for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
				if (i > 0)
					System.out.print(", ");
				System.out.print(paramTypes[i].getName());
			}
			System.out.println(");");
		}
	}

	public static void printMethods(Class c1) {
		Method[] methods = c1.getDeclaredMethods();

		for (Method m : methods) {
			Class retType = m.getReturnType();
			String name = m.getName();

			System.out.print("    ");
			String modifiers = Modifier.toString(m.getModifiers());
			if (modifiers.length() > 0)
				System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
			System.out.print(retType.getName() + " " + name + "(");

			Class[] paramTypes = m.getParameterTypes();
			for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
				if (i > 0)
					System.out.print(", ");
				System.out.print(paramTypes[i].getName());
			}
			System.out.println(");");
		}
	}

	public static void printFields(Class c1) {
		Field[] fields = c1.getDeclaredFields();

		for (Field f : fields) {
			Class type = f.getType();
			String name = f.getName();
			System.out.print("    ");
			String modifiers = Modifier.toString(f.getModifiers());
			if (modifiers.length() > 0)
				System.out.print(modifiers + " ");
			System.out.println(type.getName() + " " + name + ";");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

Enter a class: java.lang.Math
public final class java.lang.Math
{
    private java.lang.Math();


    public static long abs(long);
    public static float abs(float);
    public static double abs(double);
    public static int abs(int);
    public static double sin(double);
    public static double cos(double);
    public static double tan(double);
    public static double atan2(double, double);
    public static double sqrt(double);
    public static double log(double);
    public static double log10(double);
    public static double pow(double, double);
    public static double exp(double);
    public static float min(float, float);
    public static double min(double, double);
    public static long min(long, long);
    public static int min(int, int);
    public static float max(float, float);
    public static double max(double, double);
    public static long max(long, long);
    public static int max(int, int);
    public static double scalb(double, int);
    public static float scalb(float, int);
    public static int getExponent(float);
    public static int getExponent(double);
    public static float signum(float);
    public static double signum(double);
    public static double IEEEremainder(double, double);
    public static double acos(double);
    public static double asin(double);
    public static double atan(double);
    public static double cbrt(double);
    public static double ceil(double);
    public static float copySign(float, float);
    public static double copySign(double, double);
    public static double cosh(double);
    public static double expm1(double);
    public static double floor(double);
    public static double hypot(double, double);
    private static synchronized void initRNG();
    public static double log1p(double);
    public static double nextAfter(double, double);
    public static float nextAfter(float, double);
    public static double nextUp(double);
    public static float nextUp(float);
    public static double random();
    public static double rint(double);
    public static int round(float);
    public static long round(double);
    public static double sinh(double);
    public static double tanh(double);
    public static double toDegrees(double);
    public static double toRadians(double);
    public static float ulp(float);
    public static double ulp(double);


    public static final double E;
    public static final double PI;
    private static java.util.Random randomNumberGenerator;
    private static long negativeZeroFloatBits;
    private static long negativeZeroDoubleBits;