Python中的staticmethod和classmethod

class MethodTest():
    var1 = "class var"
   
    def __init__(self, var2 = "object var"):
        self.var2 = var2
   
    @staticmethod

    def staticFun():
        print 'static method' 
   
    @classmethod

    def classFun(cls):
        print 'class method'

 

staticmethod和classmethod的相同点:

1.都可以通过类或实例调用

mt = MethodTest()

MethodTest.staticFun()

mt.staticFun()

MethodTest.classFun()

mt.classFun()

2.都无法访问实例成员

    @staticmethod

    def staticFun():
        print var2  //wrong 
    @classmethod

    def classFun(cls):
        print var2  //wrong

 

staticmethod和classmethod的区别:

1.staticmethod无需参数，classmethod需要类变量作为参数传递（不是类的实例）

    def classFun(cls):
        print 'class method'  //cls作为类变量传递

2.classmethod可以访问类成员，staticmethod则不可以

    @staticmethod

    def staticFun():
        print var1  //wrong 
    @classmethod

    def classFun(cls):
        print cls.var1  //right