java_多线程_线程同步机制

线程同步机制

• 多个线程操作同一个资源
• 关键字synchronized
• 形成条件 ： 队列 和 锁

并发

• 同一个对象被多个线程同时操作

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三大不安全案例

案例一、买票案例

//不安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		BuyTicket b = new BuyTicket ();
		new Thread(b, "a").start();
		new Thread(b, "b").start();
		new Thread(b, "c").start();
	}

}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable {
	//票数
	private int ticketNums = 10;
	boolean flag = true;//外部停止方式

	@Override
	public void run() {
		//
		while (flag) {
			buy();
		}

	}

	private void buy() {
		// 判断是否有票
		if (ticketNums <= 0) {
			flag = false;
			return;
		}
		// 模拟延时
		try {
			Thread.sleep(100);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		// 买票
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到" + ticketNums-- + "张票");
	}

}

案例二、取钱案例

//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱，账户
public class UnsafeBank {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	Account account=new Account(100, "结婚基金");
	Drawing you=new Drawing(account,50, "你");
	Drawing grilfriend=new Drawing(account,100, "grilfriend");
	you.start();
	grilfriend.start();
	
}
}

//账户
class Account {
	int money;// 余额
	String name;// 卡名

	public Account(int money, String name) {
		super();
		this.money = money;
		this.name = name;
	}

}

//银行：模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread {
	Account account;// 账户
	// 取了多少钱
	int drawingMoney;
	// 现在手里有多少钱
	int nowMoney;

	public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name) {
		super(name);
		this.account = account;
		this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
		
	}

	// 取钱
	@Override
	public void run() {
		// 判断有没有钱
		if (account.money - drawingMoney < 0) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "钱不够，取不了");
			return;
		}
		//sleep 放大问题的发生性
		try {
			Thread.sleep(1000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		//卡内余额=余额-你取的钱
		account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
		//你手里的钱
		nowMoney=nowMoney+drawingMoney;
		System.out.println(account.name+"余额为:"+account.money);
		//Thread.currentThread().getName()=this.getName()
		System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱"+nowMoney);
	}

}

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案例三、线程不安全的集合

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
			new Thread(() -> {
				list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
			}).start();
		}
		try {
			Thread.sleep(3000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println(list.size());
	}
}