kind_online_install_kubernetes 【kubernetes【工具】kind【1】入门实践】

ghostwritten

已于 2024-03-26 11:12:42 修改

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分类专栏： kubernetes 文章标签： kubernetes docker 容器

于 2021-12-16 12:34:31 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xixihahalelehehe/article/details/121968488

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1. 简介

Kind（Kubernetes in Docker）是一个 Kubernetes 孵化项目，Kind 是一套开箱即用的 Kubernetes 环境搭建方案。顾名思义，就是将 Kubernetes 所需要的所有组件，全部部署在一个 Docker 容器中，可以很方便的搭建 Kubernetes 集群。

Kind 已经广泛的应用于 Kubernetes 上游及相关项目的 CI 环境中，官方文档中也把 Kind 作为一种本地集群搭建的工具推荐给大家。

2. Kind 可以做什么？

快速创建一个或多个 Kubernetes 集群
支持部署高可用的 Kubernetes 集群
支持从源码构建并部署一个 Kubernetes 集群
可以快速低成本体验一个最新的 Kubernetes 集群，并支持 Kubernetes 的绝大部分功能
支持本地离线运行一个多节点集群

3. Kind 有哪些优势？

最小的安装依赖，仅需要安装 Docker 即可
使用方法简单，只需 Kind Cli 工具即可快速创建集群
使用容器来模似 Kubernetes 节点
内部使用 Kubeadm 的官方主流部署工具
通过了 CNCF 官方的 K8S Conformance 测试

4. Kind 是如何工作的？

Kind 使用容器来模拟每一个 Kubernetes 节点，并在容器里面运行 Systemd。容器里的 Systemd 托管了 Kubelet 和 Containerd，然后容器内部的 Kubelet 把其它 Kubernetes 组件：Kube-Apiserver、Etcd、CNI 等等组件运行起来。

Kind 内部使用了 Kubeadm 这个工具来做集群的部署，包括高可用集群也是借助 Kubeadm 提供的特性来完成的。在高用集群下还会额外部署了一个 Nginx 来提供负载均衡 VIP。

5. 准备

5.1 安装docker

https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/

systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker

5.2 安装kubectl

官方：https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/#install-kubectl

 yum install kubectl

5.3 安装 Kind

Kind 使用 Golang 进行开发，原生支持良好的跨平台特性，通常只需要直接下载构建好的二进制文件就可使用。

Linux

$ curl -Lo ./kind https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kind/releases/download/v0.11.0/kind-linux-amd64
$ chmod +x ./kind
$ mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind

Windows

$ curl.exe -Lo kind-windows-amd64.exe https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kind/releases/download/v0.5.1/kind-windows-amd64
$ mv .\kind-windows-amd64.exe c:\kind.exe

更多平台的安装方法可参考官方文档

源码
如果本地环境已经配置好 Golang (1.11+) 的开发环境，你也可以直接通过源码进行安装。

$ go get sigs.k8s.io/kind@v0.5.1

6. kind命令

$ kind
kind creates and manages local Kubernetes clusters using Docker container 'nodes'

Usage:
  kind [command]

Available Commands:
  build       Build one of [base-image, node-image]
  create      Creates one of [cluster]
  delete      Deletes one of [cluster]
  export      exports one of [logs]
  get         Gets one of [clusters, nodes, kubeconfig-path]
  help        Help about any command
  load        Loads images into nodes
  version     prints the kind CLI version

Flags:
  -h, --help              help for kind
      --loglevel string   logrus log level [panic, fatal, error, warning, info, debug] (default "warning")
      --version           version for kind

Use "kind [command] --help" for more information about a command.

简单说下几个比较常用选项的含义：

build：用来从 Kubernetes 源代码构建一个新的镜像。
create：创建一个 Kubernetes 集群。
delete：删除一个 Kubernetes 集群。
get：可用来查看当前集群、节点信息以及 Kubectl 配置文件的地址。
load：从宿主机向 Kubernetes 节点内导入镜像。

7. 创建集群

#默认集群名字是kind
kind create cluster
Creating cluster "kind" ...
 ✓ Ensuring node image (kindest/node:v1.21.1) 🖼
 ✓ Preparing nodes 📦  
 ✓ Writing configuration 📜 
 ✓ Starting control-plane 🕹️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️ 
 ✓ Installing CNI 🔌 
 ✓ Installing StorageClass 💾 
Set kubectl context to "kind-kind"
You can now use your cluster with:

kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind

Not sure what to do next? 😅  Check out https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/quick-start/

$ kind get  clusters 
kind


#创建第二个集群
$ kind create cluster --name kind-2
Creating cluster "kind-2" ...
 ✓ Ensuring node image (kindest/node:v1.21.1) 🖼
 ✓ Preparing nodes 📦  
 ✓ Writing configuration 📜 
 ✓ Starting control-plane 🕹️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️️ 
 ✓ Installing CNI 🔌 
 ✓ Installing StorageClass 💾 
Set kubectl context to "kind-kind-2"
You can now use your cluster with:

kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind-2

Have a nice day! 👋



$ kind get clusters
kind
kind-2

#为了与特定的集群交互，你只需要在kubectl中指定集群名作为上下文:
$ kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://127.0.0.1:34804
CoreDNS is running at https://127.0.0.1:34804/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.


$ kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind-2
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://127.0.0.1:39972
CoreDNS is running at https://127.0.0.1:39972/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.


$ kubectl get node --context kind-kind
NAME                 STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
kind-control-plane   Ready    control-plane,master   10m   v1.21.1

$ kubectl get node --context kind-kind-2
NAME                   STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
kind-2-control-plane   Ready    control-plane,master   7m10s   v1.21.1


$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system --context kind-kind-2
NAME                                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-558bd4d5db-25zcm                       1/1     Running   0          8m22s
coredns-558bd4d5db-w5bnx                       1/1     Running   0          8m22s
etcd-kind-2-control-plane                      1/1     Running   0          8m24s
kindnet-2wbfz                                  1/1     Running   0          8m22s
kube-apiserver-kind-2-control-plane            1/1     Running   0          8m24s
kube-controller-manager-kind-2-control-plane   1/1     Running   0          8m24s
kube-proxy-b67sv                               1/1     Running   0          8m22s
kube-scheduler-kind-2-control-plane            1/1     Running   0          8m24s


$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system --context kind-kind
NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-558bd4d5db-fvpxx                     1/1     Running   0          12m
coredns-558bd4d5db-v9mwb                     1/1     Running   0          12m
etcd-kind-control-plane                      1/1     Running   0          12m
kindnet-78zdc                                1/1     Running   0          12m
kube-apiserver-kind-control-plane            1/1     Running   0          12m
kube-controller-manager-kind-control-plane   1/1     Running   0          12m
kube-proxy-28lm4                             1/1     Running   0          12m
kube-scheduler-kind-control-plane            1/1     Running   0          12m



#修改默认集群
#当前
$ kubectl get node
NAME                 STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
kind-2-control-plane   Ready    control-plane,master   46m   v1.21.1


$ cat /root/.kube/config 
······················
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kind-kind
    user: kind-kind
  name: kind-kind
- context:
    cluster: kind-kind-2
    user: kind-kind-2
  name: kind-kind-2
current-context: kind-kind-2   #修改kind-kind即可切换到kind集群
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
·············


$ kubectl get nodes
NAME                 STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
kind-control-plane   Ready    control-plane,master   46m   v1.21.1



$ kind get kubeconfig --name=kind
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: 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
    server: https://127.0.0.1:34804
  name: kind-kind
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kind-kind
    user: kind-kind
  name: kind-kind
current-context: kind-kind
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: kind-kind
  user:
    client-certificate-data: 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
    client-key-data: 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

–name 是可选参数。如果不指定，默认创建出来的集群名字为 kind。

用默认安装的方式时，我们没有指定任何配置文件。从安装过程的输出来看，一共分为 4 步：

检查本地环境是否存在一个基础的安装镜像，默认是 kindest/node:1.21.1，该镜像里面包含了所有需要安装的东西，包括：kubectl、kubeadm、kubelet
的二进制文件，以及安装对应版本 Kubernetes 所需要的镜像。
准备 Kubernetes 节点，主要就是启动容器、解压镜像这类的操作。
建立对应的 kubeadm 的配置，完成之后就通过 kubeadm 进行安装。安装完成后还会做一些清理操作，比如：删掉主节点上的污点，否则对于没有容忍的 Pod 无法完成部署。
上面所有操作都完成后，就成功启动了一个 Kubernetes 集群并输出一些操作集群的提示信息。

默认情况下，Kind 会先下载 kindest/node:v1.21.1 镜像。如果你想指定不同版本，可以使用 --image 参数，类似这样：kind create cluster --image kindest/node:v1.21.1

kindest/node 这个镜像目前托管于 Docker Hub 上，下载时可能会较慢。同样的问题 Kind 进行集群的创建也是存在的，Kind 实际使用 Kubeadm 进行集群的创建。对 Kubeadm 有所了解的同学都知道它默认使用的镜像在国内是不能访问的，所以一样需要自行解决网络问题。

如果你存在上面说的网络问题，最好配置一个国内的加速器或者镜像源。如果你还不知道如何配置加速器和镜像源可以参考：「Docker / Kubernetes 镜像源不可用，教你几招搞定它！」和「 Docker 下使用 DaoCloud / 阿里云镜像加速」两篇文章。

8. 载入镜像

$ kind load docker-image busybox alpine --name kind
ERROR: image: "busybox" not present locally

$ docker pull busybox
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/busybox ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/busybox
3cb635b06aa2: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:b5cfd4befc119a590ca1a81d6bb0fa1fb19f1fbebd0397f25fae164abe1e8a6a
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/busybox:latest


$ docker pull alpine
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/alpine ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/alpine
59bf1c3509f3: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:21a3deaa0d32a8057914f36584b5288d2e5ecc984380bc0118285c70fa8c9300
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/alpine:latest

#一定不要用“latest”，因为它会在创建实例的时候失败。
$ docker tag docker.io/busybox:latest busybox:my-latest
$ docker tag docker.io/alpine:latest alpine:my-latest

$ kind load docker-image busybox alpine --name kind
Image: "busybox" with ID "sha256:ffe9d497c32414b1c5cdad8178a85602ee72453082da2463f1dede592ac7d5af" not yet present on node "kind-control-plane", loading...
Image: "alpine" with ID "sha256:c059bfaa849c4d8e4aecaeb3a10c2d9b3d85f5165c66ad3a4d937758128c4d18" not yet present on node "kind-control-plane", loading...

工作流workflow like：

docker build -t my-custom-image:unique-tag ./my-image-dir
kind load docker-image my-custom-image:unique-tag
kubectl apply -f my-manifest-using-my-image:unique-tag

查看各个集群镜像：

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                                                          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                       NAMES
894613da2a0a        kindest/node:v1.21.1@sha256:fae9a58f17f18f06aeac9772ca8b5ac680ebbed985e266f711d936e91d113bad   "/usr/local/bin/en..."   36 minutes ago      Up 36 minutes       127.0.0.1:39972->6443/tcp   kind-2-control-plane
a9171fe66dc1        kindest/node:v1.21.1@sha256:fae9a58f17f18f06aeac9772ca8b5ac680ebbed985e266f711d936e91d113bad   "/usr/local/bin/en..."   38 minutes ago      Up 38 minutes       127.0.0.1:34804->6443/tcp   kind-control-plane



$ docker exec -ti kind-control-plane crictl images
IMAGE                                      TAG                  IMAGE ID            SIZE
docker.io/kindest/kindnetd                 v20210326-1e038dc5   6de166512aa22       54MB
docker.io/library/alpine                   latest               c059bfaa849c4       5.87MB
docker.io/library/busybox                  latest               ffe9d497c3241       1.46MB
docker.io/rancher/local-path-provisioner   v0.0.14              e422121c9c5f9       13.4MB
k8s.gcr.io/build-image/debian-base         v2.1.0               c7c6c86897b63       21.1MB
k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns                 v1.8.0               296a6d5035e2d       12.9MB
k8s.gcr.io/etcd                            3.4.13-0             0369cf4303ffd       86.7MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver                  v1.21.1              6401e478dcc01       127MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager         v1.21.1              d0d10a483067a       121MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy                      v1.21.1              ebd41ad8710f9       133MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler                  v1.21.1              7813cf876a0d4       51.9MB
k8s.gcr.io/pause                           3.4.1                0f8457a4c2eca       301kB


$ docker exec -ti kind-2-control-plane crictl images
IMAGE                                      TAG                  IMAGE ID            SIZE
docker.io/kindest/kindnetd                 v20210326-1e038dc5   6de166512aa22       54MB
docker.io/rancher/local-path-provisioner   v0.0.14              e422121c9c5f9       13.4MB
k8s.gcr.io/build-image/debian-base         v2.1.0               c7c6c86897b63       21.1MB
k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns                 v1.8.0               296a6d5035e2d       12.9MB
k8s.gcr.io/etcd                            3.4.13-0             0369cf4303ffd       86.7MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver                  v1.21.1              6401e478dcc01       127MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager         v1.21.1              d0d10a483067a       121MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy                      v1.21.1              ebd41ad8710f9       133MB
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler                  v1.21.1              7813cf876a0d4       51.9MB
k8s.gcr.io/pause                           3.4.1                0f8457a4c2eca       301kB

9. 部署一个服务

$ docker pull nginx:1.14.2
$ kind load docker-image nginx:1.14.2 --name kind
Image: "nginx" with ID "sha256:f6987c8d6ed59543e9f34327c23e12141c9bad1916421278d720047ccc8e1bee" not yet present on node "kind-control-plane", loading...

$ vim nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:1.14.2
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80

kubectl get deployment
NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment   0/2     2            0           39s


kubectl get pods         
NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-66b6c48dd5-2s5cb   1/1     Running   0          84s
nginx-deployment-66b6c48dd5-8wf8b   1/1     Running   0          84s

由于我们没有做服务暴露，所以是不能直接访问对应的服务的，我们可以用 kubectl 提供的端口转发功能来讲流量从本地转发给 k8s 集群。

10. 删除集群

$ kind delete clusters my-cluster
Deleted clusters: ["my-cluster"]

ghostwritten

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kind_online_install_kubernetes 【kubernetes【工具】kind【1】入门实践】

简介Kind（Kubernetes in Docker）是一个 Kubernetes 孵化项目，Kind 是一套开箱即用的 Kubernetes 环境搭建方案。顾名思义，就是将 Kubernetes 所需要的所有组件，全部部署在一个 Docker 容器中，可以很方便的搭建 Kubernetes 集群。Kind 已经广泛的应用于 Kubernetes 上游及相关项目的 CI 环境中，官方文档中也把 Kind 作为一种本地集群搭建的工具推荐给大家。Kind 可以做什么？快速创建一个或多个 Kuber
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