[De1CTF 2019]SSRF Me1 解题思路

知识点：python代码审计

一、根据代码返回的python脚本分析

#! /usr/bin/env python
#encoding=utf-8
from importlib import reload
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import socket
import hashlib
import urllib
import sys
import os
import json
reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('latin1')
app = Flask(__name__)
secert_key = os.urandom(16)


class Task:
    def __init__(self, action, param, sign, ip):
        self.action = action
        self.param = param
        self.sign = sign
        self.sandbox = md5(ip)
        if(not os.path.exists(self.sandbox)):          #SandBox For Remote_Addr
            os.mkdir(self.sandbox)

    def Exec(self):
        result = {}
        result['code'] = 500
        if (self.checkSign()):
            if "scan" in self.action:
                tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
                resp = scan(self.param)
                if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
                    result['data'] = resp
                else:
                    print(resp)
                    tmpfile.write(resp)
                    tmpfile.close()
                result['code'] = 200
            if "read" in self.action:
                f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
                result['code'] = 200
                result['data'] = f.read()
            if result['code'] == 500:
                result['data'] = "Action Error"
        else:
            result['code'] = 500
            result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
        return result

    def checkSign(self):
        if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
            return True
        else:
            return False


#generate Sign For Action Scan.
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    action = "scan"
    return getSign(action, param)


@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
def challenge():
    action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
    ip = request.remote_addr
    if(waf(param)):
        return "No Hacker!!!!"
    task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
    return json.dumps(task.Exec())
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return open("code.txt","r").read()


def scan(param):
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
    try:
        return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]
    except:
        return "Connection Timeout"



def getSign(action, param):
    return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()


def md5(content):
    return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()


def waf(param):
    check=param.strip().lower()
    if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
        return True
    else:
        return False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.debug = False
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

 geneSign?param=xx   接口生成sign保存在环境变量中。
 De1ta?param= 接口
  1、读取cookie中的action、sign 客户端ip 和 param参数值，当param参数值不是gopher、file绕过waf，初始化类 Task ，然后调用类的exec 方法。
  2、exec方法中先判断签名是否正确getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign  其中self.sign是接口/geneSign?param=xx 生成的签名。      
  3、exec()方法 如果action 中包含scan 就读取param参数的文件 并写到文件result.txt中，如果包含read 就读取result.txt内容
     
二、构建paload
从上述分析 /De1ta接口要想获取flag 的条件：
1、/De1ta接口 md5(secert_key +param+action)  生成的sign 等于   接口 /geneSign 的sign md5(secert_key + param + 'scan')
2、action 中包含字符串scan 和read 
3、param 参数值文件

构建出来paload 尝试读取/etc/passwd 文件，成功读取/etc/passwd文件内容
/geneSign?param=../../../etc/passwdread 

 /De1ta?param=../../../etc/passwd               
cookie:action=readscan;sign=

多次试探在flag.txt文件读取到flag