base64图片截图

需求：接收到其他服务发送过来的base64的图片，然后给了个截图的4个点的坐标，现在需要根据4个点的坐标，进行截图之后返回到前端去显示出来；主要使用BufferedImage的getSubimage方法；如下所示

  /**
     * Returns a subimage defined by a specified rectangular region.
     * The returned <code>BufferedImage</code> shares the same
     * data array as the original image.
     * @param x the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of the
     *          specified rectangular region
     * @param y the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the
     *          specified rectangular region
     * @param w the width of the specified rectangular region
     * @param h the height of the specified rectangular region
     * @return a <code>BufferedImage</code> that is the subimage of this
     *          <code>BufferedImage</code>.
     * @exception RasterFormatException if the specified
     * area is not contained within this <code>BufferedImage</code>.
     */
    public BufferedImage getSubimage (int x, int y, int w, int h) {
        return new BufferedImage (colorModel,
                                  raster.createWritableChild(x, y, w, h,
                                                             0, 0, null),
                                  colorModel.isAlphaPremultiplied(),
                                  properties);
    }

1>构造个对象封装下这几个参数，从其他服务中接受到数据格式为图片的四个点坐标的一个二维数组，需要转换为截图的点x坐标，y坐标，截图的宽度和高度；所以先封装个对象；通过一个二维数组计算出这些参数：

    // 内部类
    class ImageInfo {
        // 横轴开始坐标
        private int x;
        // 纵轴开始坐标
        private int y;
        // 横轴结束坐标
        private int width;
        // 纵轴结束坐标
        private int height;

        public ImageInfo(String[][] position) {
            String[] strings = position[0];
            int x = Integer.parseInt(strings[0]);
            int y = Integer.parseInt(strings[1]);
            String[] forthPoint = position[1];
            int x1 = Integer.parseInt(forthPoint[0]);
            int y1 = Integer.parseInt(forthPoint[1]);
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
            this.width = x1 - x;
            this.height = y1 - y;
        }
    }

2>转换的主要代码

	/**
     * 截取字符串
     *
     * @param sourceImage 源图片
     * @param positions   截取坐标
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
	public String getSubImage(String sourceImage, String[][] positions) throws IOException {
	   ImageInfo imageInfo = new ImageInfo(positions);
	   // 读取图片字节数组
	   InputStream in = new FileInputStream(sourceImage);
	   byte[] data = new byte[in.available()];
	   in.read(data);
	   ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
	   BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
	   BufferedImage subImage = bi.getSubimage(imageInfo.x, imageInfo.y, imageInfo.width, imageInfo.height);
	   return bufferImageToBase64(subImage);
	}

主要构造一个BufferedImage对象，然后调用getSubimage方法，结果返回一个BufferedImage对象；最后再把BufferedImage转换成base64字符串返回；

3>bufferImageToBase64方法

/**
 * 将截取后的图片加密为base64，并且去掉换行和空格字符串
 *
 * @param bufferedImage
 * @return
 * @throws IOException
 */
private String bufferImageToBase64(BufferedImage bufferedImage) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", baos);
        byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
        String trim = encoder.encodeBuffer(bytes).trim();
        return trim.replaceAll("\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "");
    }

最后要注意的是，最后要进行空格字符的替换；不然显示不正确的；

4>encoder对象主要用来解码使用；

static BASE64Encoder encoder = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();

5>前端显示使用下面格式，然后后面跟上返回的内容；

<img src="data:image/jpeg;"base64字符串"/>

6>测试

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Base64Utils base64Utils = new Base64Utils();
        // 定义二维数据，输入截取坐标
        String[][] positions = new String[2][2];
        positions[0][0] = new String(String.valueOf(0));
        positions[0][1] = new String(String.valueOf(0));
        positions[1][0] = new String(String.valueOf(600));
        positions[1][1] = new String(String.valueOf(200));
        // 将截取后的图片加密为base64字符串
        String base64UtilsSubImage = base64Utils.getSubImage("D://下载/测试照片.jpg", positions);
        System.out.println(base64UtilsSubImage);
        // 将加密后的字符串解码为图片
        Base64Utils.GenerateImage(base64UtilsSubImage, "D://photos/截取后的照片.jpg");
    }