【Springmvc】拦截器

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-04 22:26:34 发布

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文章标签： java servlet spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xjj1128/article/details/128204368

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本文详细介绍了Spring MVC中的处理器拦截器，通过代码示例展示了如何配置和使用拦截器，包括InterController.java、MyFirstInter.java等关键类的实现，以及spring-mvc.xml配置文件的内容。在运行时，拦截器会在目标方法调用前后执行特定操作，例如跳转到success.jsp页面。

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springMVC处理器拦截允许运行目标方法之间进行一些拦截工作，或者目标方法之后进行一些其他处理。

代码部分

1、InterController.java

package com.qingruan.servlet;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/inter")
public class InterController {

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(HttpServletRequest request){
        System.out.println("inter...test()");
        request.setAttribute("key","value");
        return "success";
    }
}

2、MyFirstInter.java

package com.qingruan.servlet;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@Component
public class MyFirstInter implements HandlerInterceptor {

    //目标方法运行之前执行
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("preHandle");
        //表示继续执行后续的操作
        return true;
    }

    //目标方法运行之后运行
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("postHandle");
    }

    //在整个请求完成之后的操作
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("afterCompletion");
    }
}

3、spring-mvc.xml

配置单个拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">


    <!--配置spring,创建容器时，扫扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.qingruan"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置内部视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀和后缀都是与业务逻辑方法值进行组合，组合成jsp文件所在的路径，/hello.jsp-->

        <property name="prefix" value="/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>

    </bean>

    <!--配置响应结果的转换器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <!--将响应结果转换成json格式数据-->
            <list>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"></bean>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>


    <!--文件解析器-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!--所有文件大小上限 100M-->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"/>
        <!--单个文件大小上限 1M-->
        <property name="maxUploadSizePerFile" value="1038576"/>
        <!--编码类型-->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </bean>

    <!--开启sringmvc框架注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--出现静态资源访问不到的情况，是因为前端控制器会拦截所有的请求，进行处理器的匹配
        方式一：开启默认servlet，所有请求都会经过默认servlet请求，如果是静态资源则直接进行响应
                <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    -->

    <!--方式二：设置指定的静态资源访问映射-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/img/"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/html/**" location="/html/"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"></mvc:resources>
-->

    <!--配置拦截器，拦截那些请求的目标方法-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <!--表示配置单个拦截器-->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--配置拦截器拦截的路径-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/inter/test"/>
            <ref bean="myFirstInter"></ref>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>



</beans>

4、success.jsp


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>SUCCESS</title>
    <% pageContext.setAttribute("page",request.getContextPath());%>
    <!--绝对url指向指定栈点-->
    <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
${key}
</body>
</html>

5、web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--配置核心控制器
    前端控制器springmvc的集中访问点，负责指定分派
  -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--设置初始化参数，让程序启动后帮我们加载spring主配置文件-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <!--设置servlet拦截的请求路径-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>



</web-app>

6、index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 45579
  Date: 2022/11/15
  Time: 20:04
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <% pageContext.setAttribute("page",request.getContextPath());%>
    <!--绝对url指向指定栈点-->
    <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function (){
            $("#btn").click(function () {
                var user={age:21,name:"zhangsan",phone:"111222333"};
                $.ajax({
                    type:"POST",
                    data:JSON.stringify(user),
                    url:"${page}/getUser",
                    contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8",
                    success:function (data) {
                        console.log(data.age);
                    }
                })
            })
        })
    </script>


</head>
<body>
<input type="button" id="btn" value="submitUser"/>
<%--<img src="${page}/img/1.jpg">--%>
</body>
</html>

7、pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.qingruan</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day01 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!--导入spring的依赖（坐标）-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--SpringMVC-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--springweb-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--servlet-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--jsp-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--内置json格式-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--文件上传-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>




  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day01</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>