linux驱动程序 ---- 加强版led

---

前言

本文基于S3C2440开发板。

一、原理图

二、芯片手册

三、驱动程序

利用次设备号,分辨出是哪一个led,对单个led进行操作。

led_drv.c

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>

static struct class *leds_class;
static struct class_device	*leds_class_devs[4];


static char leds_status = 0x0;  
static DECLARE_MUTEX(leds_lock); // 定义赋值

//static int minor;
static unsigned long gpio_va;

#define GPIO_OFT(x) ((x) - 0x56000000)
#define GPFCON  (*(volatile unsigned long *)(gpio_va + GPIO_OFT(0x56000050)))
#define GPFDAT  (*(volatile unsigned long *)(gpio_va + GPIO_OFT(0x56000054)))


static int s3c2440_led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	//open核心代码,一般都是对一些硬件的初始化
	int minor = MINOR(inode->i_rdev); //MINOR(inode->i_cdev); 

	switch(minor)
	{
        case 0: /* /dev/leds */
        {
            // 配置3引脚为输出
            //s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF4, S3C2410_GPF4_OUTP);
            GPFCON &= ~(0x3<<(4*2));
            GPFCON |= (1<<(4*2));
            
            //s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF5, S3C2410_GPF5_OUTP);
            GPFCON &= ~(0x3<<(5*2));
            GPFCON |= (1<<(5*2));

            //s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF6, S3C2410_GPF6_OUTP);
            GPFCON &= ~(0x3<<(6*2));
            GPFCON |= (1<<(6*2));

            // 都输出0
            //s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF4, 0);
            GPFDAT &= ~(1<<4);
            
            //s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF5, 0);
            GPFDAT &= ~(1<<5);
            //s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF6, 0);
            GPFDAT &= ~(1<<6);

            down(&leds_lock);
            leds_status = 0x0;
            up(&leds_lock);
                
            break;
        }

        case 1: /* /dev/led1 */
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF4, S3C2410_GPF4_OUTP);
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF4, 0);
            
            down(&leds_lock);
            leds_status &= ~(1<<0);
            up(&leds_lock);
            
            break;
        }

        case 2: /* /dev/led2 */
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF5, S3C2410_GPF5_OUTP);
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF5, 0);
            leds_status &= ~(1<<1);
            break;
        }

        case 3: /* /dev/led3 */
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPF6, S3C2410_GPF6_OUTP);
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF6, 0);

            down(&leds_lock);
            leds_status &= ~(1<<2);
            up(&leds_lock);
            
            break;
        }
        
	}
	
    return 0;
}
static ssize_t S3C2440_led_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
	//read核心代码,一般都是对一些硬件数据寄存器,状态寄存器的读取
	int minor = MINOR(file->f_dentry->d_inode->i_rdev);
    char val;

    switch (minor)
    {
        case 0: /* /dev/leds */
        {
            
            copy_to_user(buf, (const void *)&leds_status, 1);                    
            break;
        }

        case 1: /* /dev/led1 */
        {
            down(&leds_lock);
            val = leds_status & 0x1;
            up(&leds_lock);
            copy_to_user(buf, (const void *)&val, 1);
            break;
        }

        case 2: /* /dev/led2 */
        {
            down(&leds_lock);
            val = (leds_status>>1) & 0x1;
            up(&leds_lock);
            copy_to_user(buf, (const void *)&val, 1);
            break;
        }

        case 3: /* /dev/led3 */
        {
            down(&leds_lock);
            val = (leds_status>>2) & 0x1;
            up(&leds_lock);
            copy_to_user(buf, (const void *)&val, 1);
            break;
        }
        
    }

    return 1;
}
static ssize_t s3c2440_led_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
{
	//int minor = MINOR(inode->i_rdev); //MINOR(inode->i_cdev);
	int minor = MINOR(file->f_dentry->d_inode->i_rdev);
    char val;

    copy_from_user(&val, buf, 1);

    switch (minor)
    {
        case 0: /* /dev/leds */
        {            
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF4, (val & 0x1));
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF5, (val & 0x1));
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF6, (val & 0x1));
            down(&leds_lock);
            leds_status = val;
            up(&leds_lock);
            break;
        }

        case 1: /* /dev/led1 */
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF4, val);

            if (val == 0)
            {
                down(&leds_lock);
                leds_status &= ~(1<<0);
                up(&leds_lock);
            }
            else
            {
                down(&leds_lock);
                leds_status |= (1<<0);                
                up(&leds_lock);
            }
            break;
        }

        case 2: /* /dev/led2 */
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF5, val);
            if (val == 0)
            {
                down(&leds_lock);
                leds_status &= ~(1<<1);
                up(&leds_lock);
            }
            else
            {
                down(&leds_lock);
                leds_status |= (1<<1);                
                up(&leds_lock);
            }
            break;
        }

        case 3: /* /dev/led3 */
        {
            s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPF6, val);
            if (val == 0)
            {
                down(&leds_lock);
                leds_status &= ~(1<<2);
                up(&leds_lock);
            }
            else
            {
                down(&leds_lock);
                leds_status |= (1<<2);                
                up(&leds_lock);
            }
            break;
        }
        
    }

    return 1;

}
static struct file_operations led_drv_fops = {
    .owner  =   THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
    .open   =   s3c2440_led_open,     
	.write	=	s3c2440_led_write,	
	.read   =   S3C2440_led_read,
};


int major;
static int s3c2440_led_init(void)
{
	int ret;
	int minor = 0;

    gpio_va = ioremap(0x56000000, 0x100000);
	if (!gpio_va) 
	{
		return -EIO;
	}

	major = register_chrdev(0, "led_drv", &led_drv_fops ); // 注册, 告诉内核


	leds_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "leddrv");

	leds_class_devs[0] = class_device_create(leds_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "leds");

	for (minor = 1; minor < 4; minor++)
	{
		leds_class_devs[minor] = class_device_create(leds_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, minor), NULL, "led%d", minor);
		if (unlikely(IS_ERR(leds_class_devs[minor])))
			return PTR_ERR(leds_class_devs[minor]);
	}
	

	
    return 0;

}
static void s3c2440_led_exit(void)
{
	int minor;
	unregister_chrdev(major, "led_drv"); // 卸载
	for (minor = 0; minor < 4; minor++)
	{
		class_device_unregister(leds_class_devs[minor]);
	}
	class_destroy(leds_class);
	iounmap(gpio_va);
}

module_init(s3c2440_led_init);
module_exit(s3c2440_led_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

makefile文件:

KERN_DIR = /home/book/system/linux-2.6.22.6

all:
	make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules 

clean:
	make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules clean
	rm -rf modules.order

obj-m	+= led_drv.o

/home/book/system/linux-2.6.22.6 编译过的内核目录

四、驱动程序的测试

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/*
  *  ledtest <dev> <on|off>
  */

void print_usage(char *file)
{
    printf("Usage:\n");
    printf("%s <dev> <on|off>\n",file);
    printf("eg. \n");
    printf("%s /dev/leds on\n", file);
    printf("%s /dev/leds off\n", file);
    printf("%s /dev/led1 on\n", file);
    printf("%s /dev/led1 off\n", file);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int fd;
    char* filename;
    char val;

    if (argc != 3)
    {
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return 0;
    }

    filename = argv[1];

    fd = open(filename, O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0)
    {
        printf("error, can't open %s\n", filename);
        return 0;
    }

    if (!strcmp("on", argv[2]))
    {
        // 亮灯
        val = 0;
        write(fd, &val, 1);
    }
    else if (!strcmp("off", argv[2]))
    {
        // 灭灯
        val = 1;
        write(fd, &val, 1);
    }
    else
    {
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return 0;
    }
    
    
    return 0;
}

五、结果分析