hibernate一对多，多对一注解开发

title: hibernate一对多，多对一注解开发
date: 2018-2-10 9:37:43
categories: Hibernate
tags: Hibernate

---

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hibernate一对多，多对一注解开发

Java测试代码

package com.echo.hibernate.Test;

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.echo.hibernate.domain.Book;
import com.echo.hibernate.domain.Customer;
import com.echo.hibernate.domain.Orders;
import com.echo.hibernate.domain.Person;
import com.echo.hibernate.utils.HibernateUtils;

public class HiberanteTest {

    @Test
    /**
     * 级联注解开发，测试保存客户时，能不能保存订单信息，并生成外键联系
     * 这是一个对多的操作，所以要保存客户信息，就需要在客户一方设置级联，链接客户。设置级联之后即可保存客户的同时保存订单信息
     * 级联操作配置文件
     *  OneToMany(targetEntity=Orders.class,mappedBy="c")
     *  Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)//cascade最好使用hibernate中的
     *  private Set<Orders> orders = new HashSet<>();
     *
     *  一下程序运行会产生订单表没有外键，原因是订单没有set客户，使用下面一段方法的代码即可
     */
    public void saveCustomer(){
        Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        Customer c = new Customer();
        c.setName("echo");

        Orders o = new Orders();
        o.setAddress("北京");
        o.setMoney(1000.0);

        Orders o1 = new Orders();
        o1.setAddress("深圳");
        o1.setMoney(1200.0);

        c.getOrders().add(o);
        c.getOrders().add(o1);

        session.save(c);

        session.beginTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void saveCustomer1(){
        Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        Customer c = new Customer();
        c.setName("echo");

        Orders o = new Orders();
        o.setAddress("北京");
        o.setMoney(1000.0);

        Orders o1 = new Orders();
        o1.setAddress("深圳");
        o1.setMoney(1200.0);

        //维护外键
        o.setC(c);
        o1.setC(c);

        c.getOrders().add(o);
        c.getOrders().add(o1);

        session.save(c);

        session.beginTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
    }

    @Test
    /**
     * 找到客户信息，并且通过客户信息，直接删除订单，并且数据库同步
     * 需要配合配置文件的orphanRemoval=true
     * OneToMany(targetEntity=Orders.class,mappedBy="c",orphanRemoval=true)
       Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)
       private Set<Orders> orders = new HashSet<>();
     */
    public void deleteOrphan(){
        Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        Customer c = session.get(Customer.class, 1);

        Orders o = session.get(Orders.class, 2);
        c.getOrders().remove(o);

        session.beginTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
    }
}

实体类的注解配置

package com.echo.hibernate.domain;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;
/**
 * 客户类，注解开发一对多
 * @author XL-sorry
 * catalog可以省略，默认直接从核心配置文件中加载
 */
@Entity
@Table(name="t_customer",catalog="myxlsorry")
public class Customer {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;//主键
    private String name;//客户姓名

    /**
     * 在关系属性上使用OnetoMany，代表的就是该类对另外一个类是一对多的映射关系
     * targetEntity=Orders.class声明多的那个类是哪一个
     * mappedBy="c"，在orders中的属性，定义属于那个客户就是c，所以配置它，代表着由orders维护外键
     */
    @OneToMany(targetEntity=Orders.class,mappedBy="c",orphanRemoval=true)
    @Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)
    private Set<Orders> orders = new HashSet<>();
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Set<Orders> getOrders() {
        return orders;
    }
    public void setOrders(Set<Orders> orders) {
        this.orders = orders;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", orders=" + orders + "]";
    }
}


package com.echo.hibernate.domain;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;

/**
 * 订单类，注解开发多对一
 * @author XL-sorry
 *
 */
@Entity
@Table(name="t_orders",catalog="myxlsorry")
public class Orders {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;//订单编号
    private String address;//收货地址
    private Double money;//订单金额

    /**
     * 指定关联哪一个类
     */
    @ManyToOne(targetEntity=Customer.class)
    //指定级联
//  @Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)
    //生成外键的名字叫什么
    @JoinColumn(name = "c_customer_id")
    private Customer c;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }
    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
    public Customer getC() {
        return c;
    }
    public void setC(Customer c) {
        this.c = c;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Orders [id=" + id + ", address=" + address + ", money=" + money + ", c=" + c + "]";
    }
}

核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<!-- 这是核心配置文件 -->
<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
        <!-- 配置数据库连接的四个项 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///myxlsorry</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">20263800mq</property>
        <!-- 告知hibernate我们使用的是哪种数据库 -->
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

        <!-- 设置数据库提交方式，默认false，设置为true就不用开启事务也能插入数据。注意：开启之后没法回滚数据？ -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.autocommit">false</property>
        <!-- 自动创建表 -->
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>


        <!-- 可以将操作数据库发送的sql显示出来 -->
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 格式化生sql  作用：让sql可读性更高，但是会提高控制台的输出信息量 -->
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>



        <!-- 设置连接提供者，告知hibernate我们需要使用那个连接池 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider</property>
        <!-- c3p0连接池配置 -->
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property><!-- 最大连接数 -->
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property><!-- 最小连接数 -->
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">120</property><!-- 超时 -->
        <property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property><!-- 空闲链接时间 -->



        <!-- 配置hibernate的映射文件所在位置 -->
        <!-- <mapping resource="com/echo/hibernate/hibernatedomain/Person.hbm.xml"/> -->

        <!-- 使用注解开发mapping后面直接跟class即可，class后面跟全类名 -->
        <mapping class="com.echo.hibernate.domain.Customer" />
        <mapping class="com.echo.hibernate.domain.Orders"/>

    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>