linux 安装mysql8

1、下载mysql8安装包linux 版本

        mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

2、创建文件夹 并进入到文件夹中，文件夹名称随便取

mkdir /env;
cd env;

3、上传mysql包，可以使用linux 的rz命令上传，如果找不到命令，先安装下命令

yum install -y lrzsz

4、解压mysql包

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

5、移动解压后的文件夹到/usr/local/mysql

mv mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12 /usr/local/mysql

6、创建data文件夹，一般用于存放数据库文件数据

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

7、创建用户组

groupadd mysql;
useradd -g mysql mysql;

8、更改用户文件夹权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

9、生成my.cnf文件

touch /etc/my.cnf

10、编辑my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
port=3306
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=31536000
innodb_log_buffer_size=8M
innodb_log_file_size=16M
join_buffer_size=200M
key_buffer_size=400M
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
log_error_verbosity=1
max_allowed_packet=2000M
max_connections=1000
max_heap_table_size=6400M
myisam_max_sort_file_size=64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=32M
read_buffer_size=4M
read_rnd_buffer_size=4000M
server_id=1
skip-external-locking=on
sort_buffer_size=256kb
table_open_cache=256
thread_cache_size=16
tmp_table_size=64M
wait_timeout=31536000
interactive_timeout=31536000
sql_mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
group_concat_max_len=10240

[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

11、再次更改用户文件夹权限

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql 

12、初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

备注：这里可能会报错 提示

error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file directory

可以执行以下命令

yum install  libaio-devel.x86_64

13、继续执行初始化数据库命令

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

14、查看初始化密码 日志文件在  /usr/local/mysql/mysql.log

 15、修改配置，挨个执行，如果报错，跳过

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --list mysqld

16、修改环境变量，并重载环境变量文件，打开 /etc/profile 在底部添加如下命令

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
export PATH

执行 

source /etc/profile

17、启动mysql

service mysql start

18、登录mysql，密码是上面的初始化密码

mysql -uroot -p;

19、第一次登录必须要先修改密码不然会提示

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

执行修改密码命令

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '密码';

20、授权远程访问

update user set host='%' where user='root'

21、查看防火墙或者是组策略是否放行了3306端口