python通信scapy和requests模块

scapy模块

ARP/IP/ICMP/TCP方法

import scapy
from scapy.layers.inet import IP, TCP
from scapy.layers.l2 import ARP
from scapy.sendrecv import sr1
from scapy.all import *

scapy发送方法:
	send(ICMP IP TCP)   #只管发
	sendp(Ether)        #只管发   --交换机
	sr1(ICMP IP TCP)    #发送并接收回复
	srp(Ether)          #发送并接收回复 -- 交换机
  
    
D:train\>scapy.exe
>>> ARP().display()   或   ARP().show()
###[ ARP ]### 
  hwtype    = Ethernet (10Mb)      # 硬件类型 0x1,链路层
  ptype     = IPv4                 # 协议类型 0x800,网络层
  hwlen     = 6                    # 硬件地址长度 mac
  plen      = 4                    # 协议地址长度
  op        = who-has
  hwsrc     = 00:0c:29:3a:3c:3b    # 源mac地址
  psrc      = 192.168.0.106        # 源IP地址
  hwdst     = 00:00:00:00:00:00    # 目的mac
  pdst      = 0.0.0.0              # 目的IP

pkg = ARP(psrc='192.168.0.103', pdst='192.168.0.1')
reply = sr1(pkg, timeout=2秒, verbose=False)  
print(reply[ARP].psrc)    # 即192.168.0.1
    
>>> ICMP().display()
###[ ICMP ]### 
  type      = echo-request
  code      = 0
  chksum    = None
  id        = 0x0  #标识不同ping进程
  seq       = 0x0
  unused    = ''

>>> IP().display()
###[ IP ]### 
  version   = 4                    # ipv4
  ihl       = None                 # 头部长度
  tos       = 0x0                  # 服务,流量标记
  len       = None                 # 总长度
  id        = 1                    # 标识
  flags     =                      # 是否分片数据传输
  frag      = 0                    # 每个分片距离头部的偏移
  ttl       = 64                   # 生存时间
  proto     = hopopt               # 传输控制协议
  chksum    = None                 # 头部校验和
  src       = 127.0.0.1            # 源地址
  dst       = 127.0.0.1            # 目的地址

reply = sr1(IP(dst="192.168.1.1")/ICMP(),timeout=1)   # 实例

>>> TCP().display()
###[ TCP ]### 
  sport     = ftp_data             # 源端口
  dport     = http                 # 目的端口
  seq       = 0                    # 32位序号
  ack       = 0                    # 32位确认序号
  dataofs   = None                 # 头部长度
  reserved  = 0                    # 保留6位
  flags     = S                    # 标志类型: SYN,ACK,FIN,RST,PSH,URG
  window    = 8192                 # 窗口大小
  chksum    = None                 # 16位校验和
  urgptr    = 0                    # 优先指针
  options   = ''                   # 选项
 
pkg = IP(psrc='192.168.0.103', pdst='192.168.0.1')/TCP(flags="S",dport=80)
reply = sr1(pkg,timeout=1)
print(reply[TCP].flags)

requests模块

import requests

# 发送GET请求
resp = requests.get('http://example.com/')
resp.encoding = 'utf-8'     # 设置编码格式
print(resp.text)            # 打印响应正文

# 发送POST请求
data = {'username':'admin', 'password':'admin123', 'verifycode':'0000'}
resp = requests.post(url='http://example.com/user/login', data=data)
print(resp.text)
print(resp.headers)         # 打印响应头
if resp.text == 'login-pass':       # 对响应进行判断
    print("登录成功")
else:
    print("登录失败")

# 登录成功后获取响应的Cookie，用于在后续请求中使用
cookie = resp.cookies

# 下载图片
resp = requests.get('http://www.example.com/img/banner.jpg')
with open('./banner.jpg', mode='wb') as file:
    file.write(resp.content)

# 文件上传
file = {'batchfile': open('E:/Other/Test.xls', 'rb')}
data = {'batchname': 'GB20211009'}
resp = requests.post(url='http://example.com/goods/upload', data=data, files=file, cookies=cookie)
print(resp.text)


# 第二种维持Session的用法（推荐）
session = requests.session()
data = {'username':'admin', 'password':'admin123', 'verifycode':'0000'}
resp = session.post(url='http://example.com/user/login', data=data)

file = {'batchfile': open('E:/Other/Test.xls', 'rb')}
data = {'batchname': 'GB20211007'}
resp = session.post(url='http://example.com/goods/upload', data=data, files=file)
print(resp.text)
print(type(resp.text))

# 利用Python直接处理JSON
import json
list = json.loads(resp.text)    # 将字符串反序列化成List+Dict的Python对象
print(list)
print(type(list))
print(list[1]['goodsname'])     # 输出字典的某个值


# 处理HTTPS请求
resp = requests.get('https://www.example.com', verify=False)     # 忽略证书
print(resp.text)