Docker 部署 Mysql8.0

1. 参照官网，安装docker 

2.拉取mysql镜像 （默认拉取最新的镜像）8.0.11

docker pull mysql

3.在宿主机创建持久化 mysql data 及mysql.cnf 

mkdir /usr/local/mysqlData/test/cnf
mkdir /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data
vi /usr/loal/mysqlData/test/cnf/mysql.cnf

    设置本地文件共享：

    Docker -> Preferences... -> File Sharing

4.添加操作权限 

chmod 777 /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data

    备注：挂载时权限验证（操作权限）

5.运行镜像，设置初始密码、本机与docker端口的映射与挂载本地数据盘 (启动msyql服务)

docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql
 -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql


# 说明： 新版需要挂载 /var/lib/mysql-files/ 目录  （一行代码）

docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql
 -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files/ -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql

运行结果：

6. 进入test_mysql 容器

Docker exec -it test_mysql bash

如图：

 

7.在容器内登录mysql

8.查看用户信息

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;

+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| user             | host      | authentication_string                                                  |

+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| root             | %         | $A$005$7o{'|'AomAw(QvF#.p5wLtCnrG6yX6XQdDVQivGr96POVL.gKnhIAhUhl3. |

| mysql.infoschema | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE                              |

| mysql.session    | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE                              |

| mysql.sys        | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE                              |

| root             | localhost | $A$005$0.-%i)H{uYi@zFo7uYF82fYw7DsA93vYLr4uZv6I1tSKao0sbzzcDap3 |

+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9.设置权限（为root分配权限，以便可以远程连接）

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

如果出现异常：（初始密码不成功，密码默认为空，直接Enter）

root@7786717a8774:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.22 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
ERROR 1410 (42000): You are not allowed to create a user with GRANT
mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

10.由于Mysql5.6以上的版本修改了Password算法，这里需要更新密码算法，便于使用Navicat连接

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql>  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

11. 使用navicat 连接mysql,如图：

 

12.建库、建表、加数据

 

查看挂载本地数据盘的内容：

 

13. 测试将容器移除后，数据是否仍然存在

docker rm -f test_msyql

容器已经移除了。重新部署test_mysql,参照第5的步骤，进入新容器，访问数据库：

xushijiandeiMac:data xushijian$ docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
65b7a60050aaef5765ed055acfd071c7c76f60e85dc25d0e73e0d56eae14aed1
xushijiandeiMac:data xushijian$ docker exec -it test_mysql bash
root@65b7a60050aa:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select * from user_user;
+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+
| user_id | user_name | phone       | note   |
+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+
|       1 | 没长正 | 13980000000 | 测试 |
+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

发现数据仍然可以使用，不需要额外的配置，实现了数据的持久化。

 

阿里云上docker 部署 MySQL(通过编排模板部署)

<1. 配置同第3步类似（只是目录变化）

master:
  image: 'mysql:latest'
  environment:
    - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
  ports:
    - '3307:3306/tcp'
  volumes:
    - '/usr/local/mysqlData/master/conf:/etc/mysql:rw'
    - '/usr/local/mysqlData/master/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw'
  labels:
    aliyun.scale: '1'

<2.如下图,已部署完成

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# clear
[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                                   COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                            NAMES

8597b7539a3a        mysql:latest                                                            "docker-entrypoint..."   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes        0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp                           mysql_master_1

 

<3.进入容器，进行权限设置，后续过程参照本机

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 /]# docker exec -it mysql_master_1 bash
root@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

 

<4. 开放3307端口，使得外网可以访问

 

      云服务器ECS -> 安全组 -> 选择所在的地区 ->配置规则 -> 添加安全组

添加安全组，如图：

 

5.外网访问，如下图

已连接成功。

 

主从环境搭建：

主库：

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker exec -it mysql_master_1 bash
root@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.30 sec)

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)

mysql> show database;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

从库：    

 

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker exec -it  mysql-slave_slave_1 bash
root@c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.40 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event  主从配置成功！
                  Master_Host: 47.94.225.124
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
               Relay_Log_File: c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1-relay-bin.000004
                Relay_Log_Pos: 363
        Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
              Relay_Log_Space: 762
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: a482f5fe-80fb-11e8-9fb1-0242ac12020c
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (1.01 sec)

mysql> show database;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)Waiting for master to send event  主从配置成功！
                  Master_Host: 47.94.225.124
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
               Relay_Log_File: c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1-relay-bin.000004
                Relay_Log_Pos: 363
        Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
              Relay_Log_Space: 762
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: a482f5fe-80fb-11e8-9fb1-0242ac12020c
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (1.01 sec)

mysql> show database;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

主从库原理分析：

 

i/o线程去请求主库 的binlog，并将得到的binlog日志写到relay log（中继日志） 文件中；

主库会生成一个 log dump 线程，用来给从库 i/o线程传binlog；

 

SQL 线程，会读取relay log文件中的日志，并解析成具体操作，来实现主从的操作一致，而最终数据一致；

 

即： 从库IO线程请求 -> 中继日志 ->获取binlog ->从库SQL线程，解析

参考：

    https://docs.docker.com/ docker 官网文档

    https://blog.csdn.net/gf0515/article/details/80466213 Mac Navicat连接Docker  MySql8.0

    docker mysql 主从复制

    https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28804275/article/details/80891951 主从环境搭建

    docker mysql Dockerfile mysql 开源镜像Dockerfile及配置

    https://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5792939.html 主从复制原理、高可用分析

    http://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5793786.html 实战