read和write真的是无缓(unbuffered)冲的吗?

All disk I/O goes through the kernel’s block buffers (also called the kernel’s buffer cache). The exception to this is I/O on a raw disk device (原始磁盘设备)， which we aren’t considering. (Some also provide a direct I/O option to allow applications to bypass the kernel buffers, but we aren’t considering this option either.) Chapter 3 of Bach [1986] describes the operation of this buffer cache. Since the data that we read and write is buffered by the kernel, the term unbuffered I/O refers to the lack of automatic buffering in the user process with these two functions. Each read and write invokes a single system call.