mysql binlog 的配置与使用

1. 查看 binlog 是否开启

show global variables like 'log_bin';

sql_log_bin : 当前会话 是否要记录 binlog

2. mysql 添加如下配置

修改 my.cnf 文件，一般来说都位于 /etc/my.cnf 这边。

在 [mysqld] 下写入如下内容：

## binlog d的日志模式
binlog-format=ROW
## 开启 bin log  生成binlog 日志的基础名称
log-bin=mysqlbinlog
## 集群环境下 需要设置一个不重复的id
server-id=1

3 . 重启服务

service mysql restart
或者
systemctl restart mysqld

4. 查看binlog 的日志信息

show binary logs;

5. 查看当前正在写入的binlog 信息

show master status;

6. 查看binlog 的事件

不指定名称默认就是查看的是 mysqlbinlog.000001的信息

show binlog events;

也可以指定文件名

show binlog events in 'mysqlbinlog.000001';

也可以通过mysqlbinlog 工具进行查看

7. 输出指定的binlog 日志

mysqlbinlog  --start-position='4'  --stop-position='100';

也可以输出到某个文件中

mysqlbinlog  --start-position='4'  --stop-position='100' mysqlbinlog.000001 >1.log;

也可以压缩

mysqlbinlog  --start-position='4'  --stop-position='100' mysqlbinlog.000001|gzip >1.gzip;

也可以通过时间查看binlog

mysqlbinlog  --start-datetime='2023-3-24 21:32:32'   mysqlbinlog.000001;

D:\devtools\MariaDB 10.5\bin>mariadb-binlog.exe
mariadb-binlog.exe Ver 3.4 for Win64 at AMD64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Dumps a MariaDB binary log in a format usable for viewing or for piping to
the mysql command line client.

Usage: mariadb-binlog.exe [options] log-files

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
C:\WINDOWS\my.ini C:\WINDOWS\my.cnf C:\my.ini C:\my.cnf D:\devtools\MariaDB 10.5\my.ini D:\devtools\MariaDB 10.5\my.cnf D:\devtools\MariaDB 10.5\data\my.ini D:\devtools\MariaDB 10.5\data\my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysqlbinlog mariadb-binlog client client-server client-mariadb
The following options may be given as the first argument:
--print-defaults          Print the program argument list and exit.
--no-defaults             Don't read default options from any option file.
The following specify which files/extra groups are read (specified before remaining options):
--defaults-file=#         Only read default options from the given file #.
--defaults-extra-file=#   Read this file after the global files are read.
--defaults-group-suffix=# Additionally read default groups with # appended as a suffix.

  -?, --help          Display this help and exit.
  --base64-output[=name]
                      Determine when the output statements should be
                      base64-encoded BINLOG statements: 'never' doesn't print
                      binlog row events and should not be used when directing
                      output to a MariaDB master; 'decode-rows' decodes row
                      events into commented SQL statements if the --verbose
                      option is also given; 'auto' prints base64 only when
                      necessary (i.e., for row-based events and format
                      description events); 'always' prints base64 whenever
                      possible. --base64-output with no 'name' argument is
                      equivalent to --base64-output=always and is also
                      deprecated.  If no --base64-output[=name] option is given
                      at all, the default is 'auto'.
  --character-sets-dir=name
                      Directory for character set files.
  -d, --database=name List entries for just this database (local log only).
  --debug-check       Check memory and open file usage at exit .
  --debug-info        Print some debug info at exit.
  --default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.
  -D, --disable-log-bin
                      Disable binary log. This is useful, if you enabled
                      --to-last-log and are sending the output to the same
                      MariaDB server. This way you could avoid an endless loop.
                      You would also like to use it when restoring after a
                      crash to avoid duplication of the statements you already
                      have. NOTE: you will need a SUPER privilege to use this
                      option.
  -B, --flashback     Flashback feature can rollback you committed data to a
                      special time point.
  -F, --force-if-open Force if binlog was not closed properly.
                      (Defaults to on; use --skip-force-if-open to disable.)
  -f, --force-read    Force reading unknown binlog events.
  -H, --hexdump       Augment output with hexadecimal and ASCII event dump.
  -h, --host=name     Get the binlog from server.
  -l, --local-load=name
                      Prepare local temporary files for LOAD DATA INFILE in the
                      specified directory.
  -o, --offset=#      Skip the first N entries.
  -p, --password[=name]
                      Password to connect to remote server.
  --plugin-dir=name   Directory for client-side plugins.
  -P, --port=#        Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
                      order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
                      /etc/services, built-in default (3306).
  --protocol=name     The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe).
  -R, --read-from-remote-server
                      Read binary logs from a MariaDB server.
  --raw               Requires -R. Output raw binlog data instead of SQL
                      statements. Output files named after server logs.
  -r, --result-file=name
                      Direct output to a given file. With --raw this is a
                      prefix for the file names.
  --print-row-count   Print row counts for each row events
                      (Defaults to on; use --skip-print-row-count to disable.)
  --print-row-event-positions
                      Print row event positions
                      (Defaults to on; use --skip-print-row-event-positions to disable.)
  --server-id=#       Extract only binlog entries created by the server having
                      the given id.
  --set-charset=name  Add 'SET NAMES character_set' to the output.
  -s, --short-form    Just show regular queries: no extra info, no row-based
                      events and no row counts. This is mainly for testing
                      only, and should not be used to feed to the MariaDB
                      server. If you want to just suppress base64-output, you
                      can instead use --base64-output=never
  -S, --socket=name   The socket file to use for connection.
  --ssl               Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with
                      other flags).
  --ssl-ca=name       CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies
                      --ssl).
  --ssl-capath=name   CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
  --ssl-cert=name     X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).
  --ssl-cipher=name   SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).
  --ssl-key=name      X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).
  --ssl-crl=name      Certificate revocation list (implies --ssl).
  --ssl-crlpath=name  Certificate revocation list path (implies --ssl).
  --tls-version=name  TLS protocol version for secure connection.
  --ssl-verify-server-cert
                      Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against
                      hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by
                      default.
  --start-datetime=name
                      Start reading the binlog at first event having a datetime
                      equal or posterior to the argument; the argument must be
                      a date and time in the local time zone, in any format
                      accepted by the MariaDB server for DATETIME and TIMESTAMP
                      types, for example: 2004-12-25 11:25:56 (you should
                      probably use quotes for your shell to set it properly).
  -j, --start-position=#
                      Start reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the
                      first binlog passed on the command line.
  --stop-datetime=name
                      Stop reading the binlog at first event having a datetime
                      equal or posterior to the argument; the argument must be
                      a date and time in the local time zone, in any format
                      accepted by the MariaDB server for DATETIME and TIMESTAMP
                      types, for example: 2004-12-25 11:25:56 (you should
                      probably use quotes for your shell to set it properly).
  --stop-never        Wait for more data from the server instead of stopping at
                      the end of the last log. Implies --to-last-log.
  --stop-never-slave-server-id=#
                      The slave server_id used for --read-from-remote-server
                      --stop-never.
  --stop-position=#   Stop reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the
                      last binlog passed on the command line.
  -T, --table=name    List entries for just this table (local log only).
  -t, --to-last-log   Requires -R. Will not stop at the end of the requested
                      binlog but rather continue printing until the end of the
                      last binlog of the MariaDB server. If you send the output
                      to the same MariaDB server, that may lead to an endless
                      loop.
  -u, --user=name     Connect to the remote server as username.
  -v, --verbose       Reconstruct SQL statements out of row events. -v -v adds
                      comments on column data types.
  -V, --version       Print version and exit.
  --open-files-limit=#
                      Used to reserve file descriptors for use by this program.
  --binlog-row-event-max-size=#
                      The maximum size of a row-based binary log event in
                      bytes. Rows will be grouped into events smaller than this
                      size if possible. This value must be a multiple of 256.
  -c, --verify-binlog-checksum
                      Verify checksum binlog events.
  --rewrite-db=name   Updates to a database with a different name than the
                      original. Example: rewrite-db='from->to'.
  --skip-annotate-row-events
                      Don't print Annotate_rows events stored in the binary
                      log.
  --print-table-metadata
                      Print metadata stored in Table_map_log_event

Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE}  Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
base64-output                     (No default value)
character-sets-dir                (No default value)
database                          (No default value)
debug-check                       FALSE
debug-info                        FALSE
default-auth                      (No default value)
disable-log-bin                   FALSE
flashback                         FALSE
force-if-open                     TRUE
force-read                        FALSE
hexdump                           FALSE
host                              (No default value)
local-load                        (No default value)
offset                            0
plugin-dir                        D:/devtools/MariaDB 10.5/lib/plugin
port                              3306
read-from-remote-server           FALSE
raw                               FALSE
result-file                       (No default value)
print-row-count                   TRUE
print-row-event-positions         TRUE
server-id                         0
set-charset                       (No default value)
short-form                        FALSE
socket                            (No default value)
ssl                               FALSE
ssl-ca                            (No default value)
ssl-capath                        (No default value)
ssl-cert                          (No default value)
ssl-cipher                        (No default value)
ssl-key                           (No default value)
ssl-crl                           (No default value)
ssl-crlpath                       (No default value)
tls-version                       (No default value)
ssl-verify-server-cert            FALSE
start-datetime                    (No default value)
start-position                    4
stop-datetime                     (No default value)
stop-never                        FALSE
stop-never-slave-server-id        0
stop-position                     18446744073709551615
table                             (No default value)
to-last-log                       FALSE
user                              (No default value)
open-files-limit                  18432
binlog-row-event-max-size         4294967040
verify-binlog-checksum            FALSE
skip-annotate-row-events          FALSE
print-table-metadata              FALSE