Response.AddHeader实现下载，解决乱码问题

最近处理下载，顺便整理一下代码以便以后使用，直接上代码：

1、分块下载

            try
            {
                var templatePath = "/Download/test.xls";

                string filename = Server.MapPath(templatePath);

                System.IO.FileInfo fileInfo = new System.IO.FileInfo(filename);
                if (fileInfo.Exists == true)
                {
                    const long chunkSize = 204800;// 每次读取200Ｋ，缓解服务器的压力
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[chunkSize];

                    Response.Clear();
                    System.IO.FileStream iStream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filename);
                    long dataLengthToRead = iStream.Length;//获取下载的文件总大小
                    Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
                    Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+ HttpUtility.UrlEncode("XXXXXX模板.xls"));
                    Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", fileInfo.Length.ToString());
                    Response.AddHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary");
                    Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8");
                    while (dataLengthToRead > 0 && Response.IsClientConnected)
                    {
                        int lengthRead = iStream.Read(buffer, 0, Convert.ToInt32(chunkSize));//读取的大小
                        Response.OutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, lengthRead);
                        Response.Flush();
                        dataLengthToRead = dataLengthToRead - lengthRead;
                    }
                    Response.Close();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                Response.Write("服务器异常，请稍后再试！");
            }

注：

1、分块读取到内存然后下载，不怕内存溢出。

2、HttpUtility.UrlEncode对文件名进行编码，可防止下载时乱码

以下几个来自网络，传送门

2、HttpResponse.TransmitFile 方法

	Response.ContentType = "application/x-zip-compressed";
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=z.zip");
        string filename = Server.MapPath("DownLoad/z.zip");
        Response.TransmitFile(filename);

注：msdn解释为：将指定的文件直接写入 HTTP 响应输出流，而不在内存中缓冲该文件。明显不适合大文件

3、WriteFile方法

        string fileName ="test.txt";//客户端保存的文件名
        string filePath=Server.MapPath("DownLoad/aaa.txt");//路径

        FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
        Response.Clear();
        Response.ClearContent();
        Response.ClearHeaders();
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", fileInfo.Length.ToString());
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary");
        Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
        Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");
        Response.WriteFile(fileInfo.FullName);
        Response.Flush();
        Response.End();

4、流方式下载

        string fileName = "aaa.txt";//客户端保存的文件名
        string filePath = Server.MapPath("DownLoad/aaa.txt");//路径

        //以字符流的形式下载文件
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open);
        byte[] bytes = new byte[(int)fs.Length];
        fs.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
        fs.Close();
        Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
        //通知浏览器下载文件而不是打开
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;  filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8));
        Response.BinaryWrite(bytes);
        Response.Flush();
        Response.End();

HTTP响应头和实体头

以下内容来自维基百科

响应字段

Field name	Description	Example	Status
Access-Control-Allow-Origin	指定哪些网站可参与到 跨来源资源共享 过程中	Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *	Provisional
Accept-Patch[23]	Specifies which patch document formats this server supports	Accept-Patch: text/example;charset=utf-8	Permanent
Accept-Ranges	这个服务器支持哪些种类的部分内容范围	Accept-Ranges: bytes	Permanent
Age	这个对象在 代理缓存 中存在的时间，以秒为单位	Age: 12	Permanent
Allow	对于特定资源有效的动作。针对405不允许该方法（ 405 Method not allowed ）而使用	Allow: GET, HEAD	Permanent
Cache-Control	向从服务器直到客户端在内的所有缓存机制告知，它们是否可以缓存这个对象。其单位为秒	Cache-Control: max-age=3600	Permanent
Connection	针对该连接所预期的选项 [3]	Connection: close	Permanent
Content-Disposition[24]	An opportunity to raise a "File Download" dialogue box for a known MIME type with binary format or suggest a filename for dynamic content. Quotes are necessary with special characters.	Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="fname.ext"	Permanent
Content-Encoding	在数据上使用的编码类型。参考 超文本传输协议压缩 。	Content-Encoding: gzip	Permanent
Content-Language	内容所使用的语言 [25]	Content-Language: da	Permanent
Content-Length	回应消息体的长度，以 字节 （8位为一字节）为单位	Content-Length: 348	Permanent
Content-Location	所返回的数据的一个候选位置	Content-Location: /index.htm	Permanent
Content-MD5	回应内容的二进制 MD5 散列，以 Base64 方式编码