以下是一个简单的 C++ 程序示例，用于发送 E-Mail，利用 SMTP 协议、Base64 编码和 MIME 格式。
```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
// 定义 Base64 编码的转换表
const char base64_table[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
// Base64 编码函数
string base64_encode(const unsigned char* input, int length)
{
string output;
int i = 0, j = 0;
unsigned char char_array_3[3], char_array_4[4];
while (length--)
{
char_array_3[i++] = *(input++);
if (i == 3)
{
char_array_4[0] = (char_array_3[0] & 0xfc) >> 2;
char_array_4[1] = ((char_array_3[0] & 0x03) << 4) + ((char_array_3[1] & 0xf0) >> 4);
char_array_4[2] = ((char_array_3[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + ((char_array_3[2] & 0xc0) >> 6);
char_array_4[3] = char_array_3[2] & 0x3f;
for (i = 0; (i < 4); i++)
output += base64_table[char_array_4[i]];
i = 0;
}
}
if (i)
{
for (j = i; j < 3; j++)
char_array_3[j] = '\0';
char_array_4[0] = (char_array_3[0] & 0xfc) >> 2;
char_array_4[1] = ((char_array_3[0] & 0x03) << 4) + ((char_array_3[1] & 0xf0) >> 4);
char_array_4[2] = ((char_array_3[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + ((char_array_3[2] & 0xc0) >> 6);
char_array_4[3] = char_array_3[2] & 0x3f;
for (j = 0; (j < i + 1); j++)
output += base64_table[char_array_4[j]];
while ((i++ < 3))
output += '=';
}
return output;
}
// MIME 格式
string create_mime(string from, string to, string subject, string content)
{
string mime;
mime += "From: " + from + "\r\n";
mime += "To: " + to + "\r\n";
mime += "Subject: " + subject + "\r\n";
mime += "MIME-Version: 1.0\r\n";
mime += "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\r\n";
mime += "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
mime += "\r\n";
mime += base64_encode((const unsigned char*)content.c_str(), content.length());
mime += "\r\n.\r\n";
return mime;
}
// 发送邮件
bool send_mail(string server, string username, string password, string from, string to, string subject, string content)
{
// 创建连接
SOCKET sock;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(25);
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(server.c_str());
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
cerr << "Connect error!" << endl;
return false;
}
// 接收信息
char buffer[1024] = { 0 };
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送 HELO 命令
string helo = "HELO " + server + "\r\n";
send(sock, helo.c_str(), helo.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送 AUTH LOGIN 命令
string auth_login = "AUTH LOGIN\r\n";
send(sock, auth_login.c_str(), auth_login.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送用户名
string base64_username = base64_encode((const unsigned char*)username.c_str(), username.length());
send(sock, base64_username.c_str(), base64_username.length(), 0);
send(sock, "\r\n", 2, 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送密码
string base64_password = base64_encode((const unsigned char*)password.c_str(), password.length());
send(sock, base64_password.c_str(), base64_password.length(), 0);
send(sock, "\r\n", 2, 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送 MAIL FROM 命令
string mail_from = "MAIL FROM: <" + from + ">\r\n";
send(sock, mail_from.c_str(), mail_from.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送 RCPT TO 命令
string rcpt_to = "RCPT TO: <" + to + ">\r\n";
send(sock, rcpt_to.c_str(), rcpt_to.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送 DATA 命令
string data = "DATA\r\n";
send(sock, data.c_str(), data.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送邮件内容
string mime = create_mime(from, to, subject, content);
send(sock, mime.c_str(), mime.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 发送 QUIT 命令
string quit = "QUIT\r\n";
send(sock, quit.c_str(), quit.length(), 0);
recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
// 关闭连接
closesocket(sock);
return true;
}
int main()
{
// 设置发送邮件的参数
string server = "smtp.gmail.com";
string username = "[email protected]";
string password = "your_password";
string from = "[email protected]";
string to = "[email protected]";
string subject = "Test Mail";
string content = "Hello World!";
// 发送邮件
if (send_mail(server, username, password, from, to, subject, content))
{
cout << "Mail sent successfully!" << endl;
}
else
{
cerr << "Failed to send mail!" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
```
请注意，在实际使用中，您需要根据您选择的邮件服务器和帐户来调整程序中的参数。此外，该程序仅适用于 Windows 平台。如果您需要在其他平台上运行，您需要对代码进行相应调整。
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