java Integer的值比较

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Integer a1 = 60;//直接赋数字是一个装箱过程,等同于Integer a1 = Integer.valueOf(60)
        Integer a2 = new Integer(60);
        Integer a3 = Integer.valueOf(60);
        int a7 = 60;

        Integer a4 = 128;//直接赋数字是一个装箱过程,等同于Integer a1 = Integer.valueOf(60)
        Integer a5 = new Integer(128);
        Integer a6 = Integer.valueOf(128);
        int a8 = 128;

        System.out.println("1:" + (a1 == a2));
        System.out.println("2:" + (a1 == a3));
        System.out.println("3:" + (a2 == a3));
        System.out.println("4:" + (a1 == a7));
        System.out.println("5:" + (a2 == a7));

        System.out.println("6:" + (a4 == a5));
        System.out.println("7:" + (a4 == a6));
        System.out.println("8:" + (a5 == a6));
        System.out.println("9:" + (a5 == a8));
        System.out.println("10:" + (a6 == a8));

        System.out.println("11:" + (a5.intValue() == a6.intValue()));
        System.out.println("12:" + a5.equals(a6));
    }

//运行结果
1:false
2:true
3:false
4:true  引用类型Integer与值类型int比较比较的是值
5:true
6:false
7:false
8:false
9:true
10:true
11:true
12:true

java中Integer类型对应-128~127（jdk1.7之后，最大值可以设置，默认是127）之间的数是从缓冲区取的，所以用等号比较相等；但对于不在这区间的数字，是在堆中new出来的，地址空间不一样，也就不相等。

JDK1.6

public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
    final int offset = 128;
    if (i >= -128 && i <= 127) { // must cache 
        return IntegerCache.cache[i + offset];
    }
    return new Integer(i);
}

private static class IntegerCache {
    private IntegerCache(){}

    static final Integer cache[] = new Integer[-(-128) + 127 + 1];

    static {
        for(int i = 0; i < cache.length; i++)
        cache[i] = new Integer(i - 128);
    }
}

JDK1.7

public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
    assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
    if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
        return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
    return new Integer(i);
}

//assert关键字表示断言
1、assert <boolean表达式>
如果<boolean表达式>为true，则程序继续执行。
如果为false，则程序抛出AssertionError，并终止执行。

2、assert <boolean表达式> : <错误信息表达式>
如果<boolean表达式>为true，则程序继续执行。
如果为false，则程序抛出java.lang.AssertionError，并输入<错误信息表达式>。


 /**
 * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
 * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
 *
 * The cache is initialized on first usage.  The size of the cache
 * may be controlled by the -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size> option.
 * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
 * may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
 * sun.misc.VM class.
 */
private static class IntegerCache {
    static final int low = -128;
    static final int high;
    static final Integer cache[];

    static {
        // high value may be configured by property
        int h = 127;
        String integerCacheHighPropValue =
                sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
        if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
            int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
            i = Math.max(i, 127);
            // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
            h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
        }
        high = h;

        cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
        int j = low;
        for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
            cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
    }
    private IntegerCache() {}
}