Formatter类

C语言中我们常常用printf()风格的格式化输出一些内容，Java推出类似Formatter类来控制输出格式，其格式语法%[argument_index$][flags][width][.precision]conversion(%参数索引，控制对齐符号，宽度，精确度，内容类型，但如果内容是String的话，precision代表的是最大字符长度)
运行结果：

public class Receipt {
      private double total = 0;
      private Formatter f = new Formatter(System.out);
      public void printTitle() {
        f.format("%-15s %5s %10s\n", "Item", "Qty", "Price");
        f.format("%-15s %5s %10s\n", "----", "---", "-----");
      }
      public void print(String name, int qty, double price) {
        f.format("%-15.15s %5d %10.2f\n", name, qty, price);
        total += price;
      }
      public void printTotal() {
        f.format("%-15s %5s %10.2f\n", "Tax", "", total*0.06);
        f.format("%-15s %5s %10s\n", "", "", "-----");
        f.format("%-15s %5s %10.2f\n", "Total", "",
          total * 1.06);
      }
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        Receipt receipt = new Receipt();
        receipt.printTitle();
        receipt.print("Jack's Magic Beans", 4, 4.25);
        receipt.print("Princess Peas", 3, 5.1);
        receipt.print("Three Bears Porridge", 1, 14.29);
        //可以直接调用String.format静态方法直接格式化输出内容
        System.out.println(String.format("%-15s %5s %10s","beyondboy","scau","sungirl"));
        receipt.printTotal();    
      }
    }

运行结果：
Item Qty Price
—- — —–
Jack’s Magic Be 4 4.25
Princess Peas 3 5.10
Three Bears Por 1 14.29
beyondboy scau sungirl
Tax 1.42
—–
Total 25.06