究其这个问题产生的原因,其实就是控制文件中记录的db信息太老,导致数据库在启动检测时出现不一致。
控制文件中记录了整个数据库的全部信息,具体包括数据文件的,日志文件等等。
那么为什么会出现控制文件记录的数据库信息太老呢,原因很简单:根据oracle db运行原理,数据库在运行期间,由于检查点发生等原因会不断的更新控制文件,同时数据库在关闭和重启过程中都会更新控制文件的内容,但是数据库服务器突然的掉电,会导致当前的db信息无法适时更新到控制文件中,再次启动数据库后,当oracle检测控制文件和其它文件信息是否一致时,就出现了这个错误。
解决办法:
1. SQL>alter database backup controlfile to trace as 'c:\RebuildCtl.sql';
数据库已更改。
2. SQL>shutdown immediate 如果数据库是打开状态,则关闭
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开
已经卸载数据库
3. SQL>startup nomount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 105979576 bytes
Fixed Size 454328 bytes
Variable Size 79691776 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
4. 打开根据提示,编辑在第1步生成的c:\RebuildCtl.sql文件如下;
# The following commands will create a new control file and use it
# to open the database.
# Data used by the recovery manager will be lost. Additional logs may
# be required for media recovery of offline data files. Use this
# only if the current version of all online logs are available.
#STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\INDX01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TOOLS01.DBF',
'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF'
CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
;
# Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
# or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
# Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
# Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
# Online tempfiles have complete space information.
# Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF' REUSE;
# End of tempfile additions.
5..运行上面的sql文件,
SQL> @c:\RebuildCtl.sql
完成重建控制文件,
成功打开数据库。