注解与反射--通过反射动态创建对象

实体类

//实体类
class User{
    private String name;
    private int id;
    private int age;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String name, int id, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

通过反射动态创建对象

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

//通过反射动态创建对象
    //类必须有一个无参数的构造器
    //类的构造器的访问权限需要足够
public class Test09 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchFieldException {
        //获得Class对象
        Class c1 = Class.forName("User");
        //构造了一个对象
        //User user = (User)c1.newInstance();//本质上是调用了类的无参构造器
        //System.out.println(user);

        //通过构造器创建对象
        //Constructor constructor = c1.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, int.class, int.class);
        //Object user2 = (User)constructor.newInstance("文臻铭", 001, 18);
        //System.out.println(user2);

        //通过反射调用普通方法
        Object user3 = (User)c1.newInstance();
        Method setName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("setName", String.class);

        //invoke：激活的意思
        //（对象，“方法的值”）
        setName.invoke(user3,"小铭");
        System.out.println(user3);

        //通过反射操作属性
        Object user4 = (User)c1.newInstance();
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");

        //不能直接操作私有属性，我们需要关闭程序的安全检测，属性或方法的的setAccessible(true)
        name.setAccessible(true);
        name.set(user4,"xiaoming");
        System.out.println(user4);
    }
}