本文详细分析了Java 8中ConcurrentHashMap的源码，包括其容量控制、构造方法、put操作以及并发控制策略。在put过程中，ConcurrentHashMap采用了分段锁和CAS操作来保证线程安全，当链表长度达到一定阈值时，会转换为红黑树以提高查找效率。此外，文章还介绍了在扩容时如何进行线程协作，确保并发扩容的正确性和高效性。
ConcurrentHashMap源码分析，基于jdk8，
1、一些属性值
//最大容量
private static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 30;
//默认容量
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 16;
//最大数组长度
static final int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
//负载因子
private static final float LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;
//树化链表长度限制
static final int TREEIFY_THRESHOLD = 8;
//树转链表链表长度限制
static final int UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD = 6;
//树化最小数组容量
static final int MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY = 64;
//扩容时每个cpu处理最小的桶的个数，因为会出现多个线程共同扩容
private static final int MIN_TRANSFER_STRIDE = 16;
//扩容戳位数
private static int RESIZE_STAMP_BITS = 16;
//最大扩容线程数 65535
private static final int MAX_RESIZERS = (1 << (32 - RESIZE_STAMP_BITS)) - 1;
//16 扩容戳移动位数
private static final int RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT = 32 - RESIZE_STAMP_BITS;
//cpu核心数
static final int NCPU = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
//数组
transient volatile Node<K,V>[] table;
//扩容时使用的数组
private transient volatile Node<K,V>[] nextTable;
//和counterCells共同记录map元素个数
private transient volatile long baseCount;
//扩容阈值 非扩容时是扩容阈值，扩容时是负数，表示在扩容，高16位是扩容标记，低16位是扩容线程数+1
private transient volatile int sizeCtl;
//扩容下标
private transient volatile int transferIndex;
//
private transient volatile int cellsBusy;
//记录元素个数的数组 初始化时容量是2，分片思想，增加写map个数的并发
private transient volatile CounterCell[] counterCells;
//该桶正在扩容
static final int MOVED = -1; // hash for forwarding nodes
static final int TREEBIN = -2; // hash for roots of trees
static final int RESERVED = -3; // hash for transient reservations
static final int HASH_BITS = 0x7fffffff; // usable bits of normal node hash
2、构造方法
//无参构造方法，初始化方法在put方法里面
public ConcurrentHashMap() {
}
//带初始容量的构造方法
public ConcurrentHashMap(int initialCapacity) {
if (initialCapacity < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
int cap = ((initialCapacity >= (MAXIMUM_CAPACITY >>> 1)) ?
MAXIMUM_CAPACITY :
tableSizeFor(initialCapacity + (initialCapacity >>> 1) + 1));
this.sizeCtl = cap;
}
//带初始容量和负载因子的构造方法
public ConcurrentHashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
this(initialCapacity, loadFactor, 1);
}
//
public ConcurrentHashMap(int initialCapacity,
float loadFactor, int concurrencyLevel) {
if (!(loadFactor > 0.0f) || initialCapacity < 0 || concurrencyLevel <= 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
if (initialCapacity < concurrencyLevel) // Use at least as many bins
initialCapacity = concurrencyLevel; // as estimated threads
long size = (long)(1.0 + (long)initialCapacity / loadFactor);
int cap = (size >= (long)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
MAXIMUM_CAPACITY : tableSizeFor((int)size);
this.sizeCtl = cap;
}
3、容量控制方法
private static final int tableSizeFor(int c) {
int n = c - 1;
n |= n >>> 1;
n |= n >>> 2;
n |= n >>> 4;
n |= n >>> 8;
n |= n >>> 16;
return (n < 0) ? 1 : (n >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY : n + 1;
}
4、put分析
public V put(K key, V value) {
return putVal(key, value, false);
}
final V putVal(K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) {
//concurrentHashMap的key和value都不允许为空，这和hashmap有区别
if (key == null || value == null) throw new NullPointerException();
//计算hash
int hash = spread(key.hashCode());
//是否需要树化的变量
int binCount = 0;
//for循环，因为是线程安全的，多线程操作的时候用的，和hashmap有区别
for (Node<K,V>[] tab = table;;) {
Node<K,V> f; int n, i, fh;
//初始化concurrenthashmap，初始化完成后并未跳出循环，下次循环会设值
if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
tab = initTable();
//如果对应下标不存在元素，则用cas将元素放入数组，因为可能同时多个Node放入相同位置，所以使用cas，放入成功则跳出循环
else if ((f = tabAt(tab, i = (n - 1) & hash)) == null) {
if (casTabAt(tab, i, null,
new Node<K,V>(hash, key, value, null)))
break; // no lock when adding to empty bin
}
//如果当前的hash桶在扩容转移，则协助扩容
else if ((fh = f.hash) == MOVED)
tab = helpTransfer(tab, f);
//没有在扩容，hash桶中已经存在元素，设值
else {
//先看这段，这段才扩容，之后才会有上面的协助扩容
//保存旧的值，因为可能是覆盖元素值
V oldVal = null;
//加锁，锁住的是数组的元素，也就是链表的头节点或者红黑树的根节点，单个的hash桶
synchronized (f) {
if (tabAt(tab, i) == f) {
//链表
if (fh >= 0) {
binCount = 1;
//遍历链表
for (Node<K,V> e = f;; ++binCount) {
K ek;
//替换元素的值
if (e.hash == hash &&
((ek = e.key) == key ||
(ek != null && key.equals(ek)))) {
oldVal = e.val;
if (!onlyIfAbsent)
e.val = value;
break;
}
Node<K,V> pred = e;
//将Node挂在链表的末尾
if ((e = e.next) == null) {
pred.next = new Node<K,V>(hash, key,
value, null);
break;
}
}
}
//如果是树，则进行树的方法，不展开
else if (f instanceof TreeBin) {
Node<K,V> p;
binCount = 2;
if ((p = ((TreeBin<K,V>)f).putTreeVal(hash, key,
value)) != null) {
oldVal = p.val;
if (!onlyIfAbsent)
p.val = value;
}
}
}
}
if (binCount != 0) {
//链表长度是否达到树化的阈值，进行树化方法
if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD)
treeifyBin(tab, i);
//如果是替换值，返回旧值
if (oldVal != null)
return oldVal;
break;
}
}
}
//增加map元素个数
addCount(1L, binCount);
return null;
}
//计算hesh的方法
static final int spread(int h) {
return (h ^ (h >>> 16)) & HASH_BITS;
}
//初始化concurrenthashmap的方法
private final Node<K,V>[] initTable() {
Node<K,V>[] tab; int sc;
while ((tab = table) == null || tab.length == 0) {
if ((sc = sizeCtl) < 0)
Thread.yield(); // lost initialization race; just spin
else if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, -1)) {
try {
if ((tab = table) == null || tab.length == 0) {
int n = (sc > 0) ? sc : DEFAULT_CAPACITY;
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Node<K,V>[] nt = (Node<K,V>[])new Node<?,?>[n];
table = tab = nt;
sc = n - (n >>> 2);
}
} finally {
sizeCtl = sc;
}
break;
}
}
return tab;
}
//cas设置node
static final <K,V> boolean casTabAt(Node<K,V>[] tab, int i,
Node<K,V> c, Node<K,V> v) {
return U.compareAndSwapObject(tab, ((long)i << ASHIFT) + ABASE, c, v);
}
//获取元素
static final <K,V> Node<K,V> tabAt(Node<K,V>[] tab, int i) {
return (Node<K,V>)U.getObjectVolatile(tab, ((long)i << ASHIFT) + ABASE);
}
//链表转红黑树
private final void treeifyBin(Node<K,V>[] tab, int index) {
Node<K,V> b; int n, sc;
if (tab != null) {
//当前数组长度小于树化的最小长度，扩容
if ((n = tab.length) < MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY)
tryPresize(n << 1);//新容量为就容量的双倍 预扩容
//树化 不展开
else if ((b = tabAt(tab, index)) != null && b.hash >= 0) {
synchronized (b) {
if (tabAt(tab, index) == b) {
TreeNode<K,V> hd = null, tl = null;
for (Node<K,V> e = b; e != null; e = e.next) {
TreeNode<K,V> p =
new TreeNode<K,V>(e.hash, e.key, e.val,
null, null);
if ((p.prev = tl) == null)
hd = p;
else
tl.next = p;
tl = p;
}
setTabAt(tab, index, new TreeBin<K,V>(hd));
}
}
}
}
}
//预扩容方法
private final void tryPresize(int size) {
int c = (size >= (MAXIMUM_CAPACITY >>> 1)) ? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY :
tableSizeFor(size + (size >>> 1) + 1);
int sc;
while ((sc = sizeCtl) >= 0) {
Node<K,V>[] tab = table; int n;
//如果诶有初始化过，初始化
if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0) {
n = (sc > c) ? sc : c;
if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, -1)) {
try {
if (table == tab) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Node<K,V>[] nt = (Node<K,V>[])new Node<?,?>[n];
table = nt;
sc = n - (n >>> 2);
}
} finally {
sizeCtl = sc;
}
}
}
//不能再扩容了
else if (c <= sc || n >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
break;
else if (tab == table) {
//生成扩容戳，高16位是扩容标记，低16位是扩容线程数,低16位最高位是1
//由当前容量决定，不一样的值，代表不同的容量扩容，可作为扩容唯一标记
int rs = resizeStamp(n);
//然后在看这里，这里为协助扩容
//正在扩容，sc的解释在下面
if (sc < 0) {
Node<K,V>[] nt;
//(sc >>> RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) != rs 比较扩容戳和sc右移16位后的值，sc右移16位后高16位全是0，如果相等，代表扩容结束
//sc == rs + 1 扩容结束
//sc == rs + MAX_RESIZERS 达到最大扩容线程数
//transferIndex <= 0 所有的Node都分配了线程
//(nt = nextTable) == null
if ((sc >>> RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) != rs || sc == rs + 1 ||
sc == rs + MAX_RESIZERS || (nt = nextTable) == null ||
transferIndex <= 0)
break;
//增加扩容线程数
if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, sc + 1))
//扩容
transfer(tab, nt);
}
//扩容时先看这里，这里代表第一个线程在扩容
//rs << RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT 低16位移到高16位，为负数
//当前没有在扩容，将sc设置为负数，+2为有一个线程在扩容
else if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc,
(rs << RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) + 2))
transfer(tab, null);
}
}
}
//生成扩容戳的方法
static final int resizeStamp(int n) {
//Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(n) 统计最高位1前面的的0的数量
//(1 << (RESIZE_STAMP_BITS - 1)) 将1移到低16位的最高位
return Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(n) | (1 << (RESIZE_STAMP_BITS - 1));
}
//扩容方法
private final void transfer(Node<K,V>[] tab, Node<K,V>[] nextTab) {
int n = tab.length, stride;
//获取每个线程处理的桶数量 最小处理16个
if ((stride = (NCPU > 1) ? (n >>> 3) / NCPU : n) < MIN_TRANSFER_STRIDE)
stride = MIN_TRANSFER_STRIDE; // subdivide range
//初始化用于扩容的数组
if (nextTab == null) { // initiating
try {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Node<K,V>[] nt = (Node<K,V>[])new Node<?,?>[n << 1];
nextTab = nt;
} catch (Throwable ex) { // try to cope with OOME
sizeCtl = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
return;
}
nextTable = nextTab;
//转移时的下标
transferIndex = n;
}
int nextn = nextTab.length;
//标志正在转移的节点，hash为 MOVED -1
ForwardingNode<K,V> fwd = new ForwardingNode<K,V>(nextTab);
//标志向前移动，就是还需要扩容下一个桶
boolean advance = true;
//是否扩容完成
boolean finishing = false; // to ensure sweep before committing nextTab
//通过 for 自循环处理每个槽位中的链表元素，默认 advace 为真，
//通过 CAS 设置transferIndex 属性值，并初始化 i 和 bound 值，
//i 指当前处理的槽位序号， bound 指需要处理的槽位边界，先处理槽位 15 的节点
for (int i = 0, bound = 0;;) {
Node<K,V> f; int fh;
while (advance) {
//正在处理的下标
int nextIndex, nextBound;
//--i表示下一个待处理的桶，如果>=bound，表示当前线程已经分配过桶
if (--i >= bound || finishing)
advance = false;
//表示所有桶已经分配完毕 16
else if ((nextIndex = transferIndex) <= 0) {
i = -1;
advance = false;
}
//修改TRANSFERINDEX，为当前线程分配任务，处理节点区间(nextBound, nextIndex)
else if (U.compareAndSwapInt
(this, TRANSFERINDEX, nextIndex,
//16 > 16 ? 0 : 0
nextBound = (nextIndex > stride ?
nextIndex - stride : 0))) {
bound = nextBound;// 0
i = nextIndex - 1;// 15 下面会处理这个下标
advance = false;
}
}
//已经遍历完旧数组，当前线程已经处理完所有负责的桶
if (i < 0 || i >= n || i + n >= nextn) {
int sc;
if (finishing) {//完成了扩容，
nextTable = null;//将扩容使用的数组置空
table = nextTab;//将数组重新赋值
sizeCtl = (n << 1) - (n >>> 1);//更新扩容阈值
return;
}
//SIZECTL 原始扩容是 (rs << RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) + 2
//每增加一个协助扩容线程就+1
//协助扩容线程执行完成就-1
if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc = sizeCtl, sc - 1)) {
//如果想等了，没有线程在扩容了，扩容结束
if ((sc - 2) != resizeStamp(n) << RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT)
return;
finishing = advance = true;
i = n; // recheck before commit
}
}
//如果对应下标没有元素，将转移标记节点放入
else if ((f = tabAt(tab, i)) == null)
advance = casTabAt(tab, i, null, fwd);
//当前节点是转移标记节点
else if ((fh = f.hash) == MOVED)
advance = true; // already processed
else {
//锁住头节点
synchronized (f) {
if (tabAt(tab, i) == f) {
//低链，高链
Node<K,V> ln, hn;
//不是标记节点
if (fh >= 0) {
//区分低链高链，也就是在原数组下标还是新扩容的数组下标，为0，则在低链，不为0，在高链
int runBit = fh & n;
Node<K,V> lastRun = f;
//找出不和头节点在一条链上的最后一个元素
for (Node<K,V> p = f.next; p != null; p = p.next) {
int b = p.hash & n;
if (b != runBit) {
runBit = b;
lastRun = p;
}
}
//低链
if (runBit == 0) {
ln = lastRun;
hn = null;
}
else {//高链
hn = lastRun;
ln = null;
}
//头插法，将链表节点拆分成两个链表，并将ln,hn指向两个链表的头节点
for (Node<K,V> p = f; p != lastRun; p = p.next) {
int ph = p.hash; K pk = p.key; V pv = p.val;
if ((ph & n) == 0)
ln = new Node<K,V>(ph, pk, pv, ln);
else
hn = new Node<K,V>(ph, pk, pv, hn);
}
//将低链头节点设置到数组下标
setTabAt(nextTab, i, ln);
//将高链的头节点设置到数组下标
setTabAt(nextTab, i + n, hn);
//将原数组的下标的节点设为转移标志节点，表示这个位置已经扩容完成
setTabAt(tab, i, fwd);
advance = true;
}
//树的操作方法，不展开
else if (f instanceof TreeBin) {
TreeBin<K,V> t = (TreeBin<K,V>)f;
TreeNode<K,V> lo = null, loTail = null;
TreeNode<K,V> hi = null, hiTail = null;
int lc = 0, hc = 0;
for (Node<K,V> e = t.first; e != null; e = e.next) {
int h = e.hash;
TreeNode<K,V> p = new TreeNode<K,V>
(h, e.key, e.val, null, null);
if ((h & n) == 0) {
if ((p.prev = loTail) == null)
lo = p;
else
loTail.next = p;
loTail = p;
++lc;
}
else {
if ((p.prev = hiTail) == null)
hi = p;
else
hiTail.next = p;
hiTail = p;
++hc;
}
}
ln = (lc <= UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD) ? untreeify(lo) :
(hc != 0) ? new TreeBin<K,V>(lo) : t;
hn = (hc <= UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD) ? untreeify(hi) :
(lc != 0) ? new TreeBin<K,V>(hi) : t;
setTabAt(nextTab, i, ln);
setTabAt(nextTab, i + n, hn);
setTabAt(tab, i, fwd);
advance = true;
}
}
}
}
}
}
//给下标设置值
static final <K,V> void setTabAt(Node<K,V>[] tab, int i, Node<K,V> v) {
U.putObjectVolatile(tab, ((long)i << ASHIFT) + ABASE, v);
}
//协助扩容方法
final Node<K,V>[] helpTransfer(Node<K,V>[] tab, Node<K,V> f) {
Node<K,V>[] nextTab; int sc;
//判断是否正在扩容，如果正在扩容，则进入
if (tab != null && (f instanceof ForwardingNode) &&
(nextTab = ((ForwardingNode<K,V>)f).nextTable) != null) {
//生成扩容戳，高16位是扩容标记，低16位是扩容线程数
int rs = resizeStamp(tab.length);
//判断是否还在扩容，
while (nextTab == nextTable && table == tab &&
(sc = sizeCtl) < 0) {//循环尝试将当前线程加入扩容线程中
//(sc >>> RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) != rs 比较扩容戳和sc右移16位后的值，sc右移16位后高16位全是0，如果相等，代表扩容结束
//sc == rs + 1 扩容结束
//sc == rs + MAX_RESIZERS 达到最大扩容线程数
//transferIndex <= 0 所有的Node都分配了线程
if ((sc >>> RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) != rs || sc == rs + 1 ||
sc == rs + MAX_RESIZERS || transferIndex <= 0)
break;
//增加扩容线程数
if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, sc + 1)) {
//扩容
transfer(tab, nextTab);
break;
}
}
return nextTab;
}
return table;
}
5、增加map元素个数方法
private final void addCount(long x, int check) {
//map的元素个数放在数组里面，总数是各个元素相加，分片思想
CounterCell[] as; long b, s;
//counterCells 不为空 || 原子修改basecount失败(存在线程竞争)
if ((as = counterCells) != null ||
!U.compareAndSwapLong(this, BASECOUNT, b = baseCount, s = b + x)) {
CounterCell a; long v; int m;
boolean uncontended = true;
//counterCells 为空
//随机选择counterCells 下标为空
//cas设置a的value失败
//if条件里面就是随机选择counterCells的一个下标，然后增加其value的值，失败说明有线程竞争
if (as == null || (m = as.length - 1) < 0 ||
(a = as[ThreadLocalRandom.getProbe() & m]) == null ||
!(uncontended =
U.compareAndSwapLong(a, CELLVALUE, v = a.value, v + x))) {
fullAddCount(x, uncontended);
return;
}
if (check <= 1)//链表长度小于等于1，不用扩容
return;
s = sumCount();//统计map元素个数
}
//链表长度>=0，检查是否需要扩容
if (check >= 0) {
Node<K,V>[] tab, nt; int n, sc;
while (s >= (long)(sc = sizeCtl) && (tab = table) != null &&
(n = tab.length) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
int rs = resizeStamp(n);//生成扩容戳
if (sc < 0) {//正在扩容
if ((sc >>> RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) != rs || sc == rs + 1 ||
sc == rs + MAX_RESIZERS || (nt = nextTable) == null ||
transferIndex <= 0)
break;
//扩容线程数+1，协助扩容
if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, sc + 1))
transfer(tab, nt);
}//没有在扩容，进行扩容
else if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, SIZECTL, sc,
(rs << RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT) + 2))
transfer(tab, null);
s = sumCount();
}
}
}
//初始化counterCells以及扩容方法
private final void fullAddCount(long x, boolean wasUncontended) {
int h;
//初始化随机值
if ((h = ThreadLocalRandom.getProbe()) == 0) {
ThreadLocalRandom.localInit(); // force initialization
h = ThreadLocalRandom.getProbe();
wasUncontended = true;
}
//最后的数组元素非空时 为 true
boolean collide = false; // True if last slot nonempty
for (;;) {
CounterCell[] as; CounterCell a; int n; long v;
//counterCells初始化过了
if ((as = counterCells) != null && (n = as.length) > 0) {
//随机选择的 counterCells 下标为空
if ((a = as[(n - 1) & h]) == null) {
if (cellsBusy == 0) { // 没有在初始化或扩容
CounterCell r = new CounterCell(x); // 封装一个 CounterCell
//获得操作权限，避免其他线程并发操作
if (cellsBusy == 0 &&
U.compareAndSwapInt(this, CELLSBUSY, 0, 1)) {
boolean created = false;
try { // 将刚封装的CounterCell设置给对应的 counterCells 的下标
CounterCell[] rs; int m, j;
if ((rs = counterCells) != null &&
(m = rs.length) > 0 &&
rs[j = (m - 1) & h] == null) {
rs[j] = r;
created = true;
}
} finally {
cellsBusy = 0;
}
if (created)
break;
continue; // Slot is now non-empty
}
}
collide = false;
}
//上面的初始化随机值失败
else if (!wasUncontended) // CAS already known to fail
wasUncontended = true; // Continue after rehash
//如果cas直接操作下标元素数值增加成功
else if (U.compareAndSwapLong(a, CELLVALUE, v = a.value, v + x))
break;
//如果创建了新的 counterCells (扩容了) 或者 counterCells 的容量大于cpu核心数(最多支持cpu核心数的线程并发)
else if (counterCells != as || n >= NCPU)
collide = false; // At max size or stale //当前线程循环失败，不进行操作
else if (!collide)
collide = true; //恢复 collide 下次循环再判断是否需要操作
//扩容 容量为原来的2倍
else if (cellsBusy == 0 &&
U.compareAndSwapInt(this, CELLSBUSY, 0, 1)) {
try {
if (counterCells == as) {// Expand table unless stale
CounterCell[] rs = new CounterCell[n << 1];
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
rs[i] = as[i];
counterCells = rs;
}
} finally {
cellsBusy = 0;
}
collide = false;
continue; // Retry with expanded table
}
h = ThreadLocalRandom.advanceProbe(h);
}//没有初始化counterCells 开始初始化
else if (cellsBusy == 0 && counterCells == as &&
U.compareAndSwapInt(this, CELLSBUSY, 0, 1)) {
boolean init = false;
try { // Initialize table
//初始化counterCells并且随机选择一个下标将其值设置为要增加的元素个数的值
if (counterCells == as) {
CounterCell[] rs = new CounterCell[2];
rs[h & 1] = new CounterCell(x);
counterCells = rs;
init = true;
}
} finally {
cellsBusy = 0;//表示未扩容，未在初始化
}
if (init)
break;
}//直接cas修改basecount
else if (U.compareAndSwapLong(this, BASECOUNT, v = baseCount, v + x))
break; // Fall back on using base
}
}
//统计map元素个数的方法
final long sumCount() {
CounterCell[] as = counterCells; CounterCell a;
long sum = baseCount;
if (as != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < as.length; ++i) {
if ((a = as[i]) != null)
sum += a.value;
}
}
return sum;
}
6、静态内部类
节点
//普通节点
static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
final int hash;
final K key;
volatile V val;
volatile Node<K,V> next;
Node(int hash, K key, V val, Node<K,V> next) {
this.hash = hash;
this.key = key;
this.val = val;
this.next = next;
}
public final K getKey() { return key; }
public final V getValue() { return val; }
public final int hashCode() { return key.hashCode() ^ val.hashCode(); }
public final String toString(){ return key + "=" + val; }
public final V setValue(V value) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public final boolean equals(Object o) {
Object k, v, u; Map.Entry<?,?> e;
return ((o instanceof Map.Entry) &&
(k = (e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o).getKey()) != null &&
(v = e.getValue()) != null &&
(k == key || k.equals(key)) &&
(v == (u = val) || v.equals(u)));
}
/**
* Virtualized support for map.get(); overridden in subclasses.
*/
Node<K,V> find(int h, Object k) {
Node<K,V> e = this;
if (k != null) {
do {
K ek;
if (e.hash == h &&
((ek = e.key) == k || (ek != null && k.equals(ek))))
return e;
} while ((e = e.next) != null);
}
return null;
}
}
//正在转移的节点，hash为-1 MOVED
static final class ForwardingNode<K,V> extends Node<K,V> {
final Node<K,V>[] nextTable;
ForwardingNode(Node<K,V>[] tab) {
super(MOVED, null, null, null);
this.nextTable = tab;
}
Node<K,V> find(int h, Object k) {
// loop to avoid arbitrarily deep recursion on forwarding nodes
outer: for (Node<K,V>[] tab = nextTable;;) {
Node<K,V> e; int n;
if (k == null || tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0 ||
(e = tabAt(tab, (n - 1) & h)) == null)
return null;
for (;;) {
int eh; K ek;
if ((eh = e.hash) == h &&
((ek = e.key) == k || (ek != null && k.equals(ek))))
return e;
if (eh < 0) {
if (e instanceof ForwardingNode) {
tab = ((ForwardingNode<K,V>)e).nextTable;
continue outer;
}
else
return e.find(h, k);
}
if ((e = e.next) == null)
return null;
}
}
}
}
记录元素个数的节点
@sun.misc.Contended static final class CounterCell {
volatile long value;
CounterCell(long x) { value = x; }
}
7、简单图示
迁移完成后table图示
迁移前后table的对比
协助扩容线程管理范围图示
8、ConcurrentHashMap的put方法的流程
1）、判断Node[]数组是否初始化，没有则进行初始化操作
2）、通过hash定位数组的索引坐标，是否有Node节点，如果没有则使用cas进行添加（链表的头节点），添加失败则进入下次循环
3）、检查到内部正在扩容，则协助扩容
4）、如果f!=null，则使用synchronized锁住f元素（链表头节点/红黑树根节点）
如果是Node，则执行链表添加操作
如果是TreeNode，则执行树的添加操作
5）、判断链表长度是否达到临界值8，当节点数超过这个值，需要把链表转化为红黑树（如果Node数组的长度小于64，则进行扩容，不转化红黑树）
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