1.以往都是在后台直接读取数据库,如果操作过快会给数据库不小的压力,因此java引入了非关系型数据库Redis进行数据缓存,减轻了数据库的负担!
使用测试Redis非关系型数据库,通过查询关系型数据库,查看Redis缓存情况
首先引入pom.xml中的依赖:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.redis</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Redis</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
实体类
package com.redis.demo.model;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* Description
*
* @Author: xuxin
* @Date: 2019/4/15 20:24
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "redis_user")
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6522574256668461033L;
@Id
@Column(name = "id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
@Column(name = "username")
private String username;
@Column(name = "password")
private String password;
@Column(name = "email")
private String email;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public User(String username, String password, String email) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.email = email;
}
public User() {
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2.JPA连接Mysql数据库读取数据
package com.redis.demo.dao;
import com.redis.demo.model.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
/**
* Description
*
* @Author: xuxin
* @Date: 2019/7/5 15:31
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}
注释:UserEntity是实体类
3.Service层
package com.redis.demo.service;
import com.redis.demo.dao.UserDao;
import com.redis.demo.model.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* Description
*
* @Author: xuxin
* @Date: 2019/4/15 20:29
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Service
public class UserService {
private UserDao userDao;
@Autowired
public UserService(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
/**
* @param id
* @return
* @Cacheable 应用到数据的方法上,先从缓存中读取,如果没有再从DB中读取
* unless 表示条件表达式成立的话不放入缓存
*/
@Cacheable(value = "user", key = "#id", unless = "#result eq null")
public User getUserById(Long id) {
return userDao.findById(id).orElse(null);
}
/**
* CachePut 应用到写数据的方法上,如新增修改方法,调用方法时会自动把相应数据放入缓存
*
* @param user
* @return
*/
@CachePut(value = "user")
public User createUser(User user) {
return userDao.save(user);
}
/**
* @param id
* @return
* @CacheEvict 应用到删除数据的方法上,调用方法时会从缓存中删除对应key的数据,
* 直接运行数据库,结果返回为true,表示删除缓存中id那条目录
*/
@CacheEvict(value = "user", key = "#id", condition = "#result eq true")
public boolean deleteById(Long id) {
userDao.deleteById(id);
return true;
}
@CachePut(value = "user", key = "#user.id")
public User modifyUser(User user) {
return userDao.save(user);
}
}
4.controller层
package com.redis.demo.controller;
import com.redis.demo.model.User;
import com.redis.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
/**
* Description
*
* @Author: xuxin
* @Date: 2019/4/15 19:48
* @Version 1.0
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
private final UserService userService;
@Autowired
public UserController(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
//增加
@PostMapping("/add")
public User createUser(User user) {
return userService.createUser(user);
}
//删除
@DeleteMapping("/delete")
public boolean deleteById(Long id) {
return userService.deleteById(id);
}
//修改
@PutMapping("/modify")
public User modifyUser(User user) {
return userService.modifyUser(user);
}
//查询
@GetMapping("/find")
public User getUserById(Long id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
}
}
5.application.yml中配置Redis参数
#application.yml
server:
port: 8080
spring:
data:
redis:
repositories:
enabled: false #关闭spring data 的redis仓库
datasource:
name: test
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=PRC&useSSL=false
username: root
password: admin
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jpa:
properties:
hibernate:
globally_quoted_identifiers: true
show-sql: true
jackson:
default-property-inclusion: ALWAYS
date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
time-zone: GMT+8
redis:
database: 0 #Redis数据索引(默认0)
host: 127.0.0.1 #f服务器地址
port: 6379 #Redis服务端口
password: #服务连接密码,默认为空
jedis:
pool:
max-active: 8 #连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制)
# max-wait: -1 #使用负值表示没有限制
max-idle: 8 #连接池中最大空闲连接
min-idle: 0 #连接池中的最小空闲连接
# lettuce:
#shutdown-timeout: 1200 #连接超时时间(毫秒)
6.设置Redis项目支持缓存
package com.redis.demo.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Author:ZhuShangJin
* Date:2018/6/25
*/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
//使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
//使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
// redis缓存和EhCache缓存不能同时存在
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
// RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.create(redisConnectionFactory);
// 生成一个默认配置,通过config对象即可对缓存进行自定义配置
RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();
config = config.entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(1)) // 设置缓存的默认过期时间,也是使用Duration设置
.disableCachingNullValues(); // 不缓存空值
// 设置一个初始化的缓存空间set集合
Set<String> cacheNames = new HashSet<>();
cacheNames.add("timeGroup");
cacheNames.add("user");
// 对每个缓存空间应用不同的配置
Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> configMap = new HashMap<>();
configMap.put("timeGroup", config);
configMap.put("user", config.entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(120)));
RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(redisConnectionFactory) // 使用自定义的缓存配置初始化一个cacheManager
.initialCacheNames(cacheNames) // 注意这两句的调用顺序,一定要先调用该方法设置初始化的缓存名,再初始化相关的配置
.withInitialCacheConfigurations(configMap)
.build();
return cacheManager;
}
}