简单示例1：
private Disposable mDisposable;
Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
})
.subscribe(new Observer<String>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
mDisposable = d;
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
}
});
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (mDisposable != null) {
if (!mDisposable.isDisposed()) {
mDisposable.dispose();
}
}
}
特别注意：上面示例代码中的mDisposable最后必须要释放掉，不然会出现内存泄漏
一、观察者Observer创建过程
首先对观察者Observer源码开始进行简单分析下：
Observer.java
public interface Observer<T> {
//表示一执行subscribe订阅就会执行该函数，这个函数跟当前调用.subscribe()一定执行在主线程中
void onSubscribe(@NonNull Disposable d);
// 表示拿到上一个流程的数据
void onNext(@NonNull T t);
// 表示拿到上一个流程的错误数据
void onError(@NonNull Throwable e);
// 表示事件流程结束
void onComplete();
}
具体的对象创建是在上面示例代码1中的new Observer<String>()操作，这个称这个为自定义观察者。
二、被观察者Observable创建过程
分析完观察者Observer的创建，现在来分析下被观察者Observable的创建流程，
Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
})
将new ObservableOnSubscribe()过程可以理解为是自定义source的过程。
new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
}
执行Observable.create()代码流程
Observable.java
public static <T> Observable<T> create(ObservableOnSubscribe<T> source) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(source, "source is null"); //校验是否为null
return RxJavaPlugins.onAssembly(new ObservableCreate<T>(source));
}
其中，RxJavaPlugins.onAssembly()采用了hook技术，如果没有重写RxJavaPlugins.setOnObservableAssembly()方法，这个可以不要考虑。
ObservableCreate.java
public final class ObservableCreate<T> extends Observable<T> {
final ObservableOnSubscribe<T> source; // 自定义source
public ObservableCreate(ObservableOnSubscribe<T> source) {
this.source = source;
}
@Override
protected void subscribeActual(Observer<? super T> observer) {
CreateEmitter<T> parent = new CreateEmitter<T>(observer);
observer.onSubscribe(parent);
try {
source.subscribe(parent);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(ex);
parent.onError(ex);
}
}
static final class CreateEmitter<T>
extends AtomicReference<Disposable>
implements ObservableEmitter<T>, Disposable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3434801548987643227L;
final Observer<? super T> observer;
CreateEmitter(Observer<? super T> observer) {
this.observer = observer;
}
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
if (t == null) {
onError(new NullPointerException("onNext called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources."));
return;
}
if (!isDisposed()) {
observer.onNext(t);
}
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) {
if (!tryOnError(t)) {
RxJavaPlugins.onError(t);
}
}
@Override
public boolean tryOnError(Throwable t) {
if (t == null) {
t = new NullPointerException("onError called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources.");
}
if (!isDisposed()) {
try {
observer.onError(t);
} finally {
dispose();
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
if (!isDisposed()) {
try {
observer.onComplete();
} finally {
dispose();
}
}
}
@Override
public void setDisposable(Disposable d) {
DisposableHelper.set(this, d);
}
@Override
public void setCancellable(Cancellable c) {
setDisposable(new CancellableDisposable(c));
}
@Override
public ObservableEmitter<T> serialize() {
return new SerializedEmitter<T>(this);
}
@Override
public void dispose() {
DisposableHelper.dispose(this);
}
@Override
public boolean isDisposed() {
return DisposableHelper.isDisposed(get());
}
}
/**
* Serializes calls to onNext, onError and onComplete.
*
* @param <T> the value type
*/
static final class SerializedEmitter<T>
extends AtomicInteger
implements ObservableEmitter<T> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 4883307006032401862L;
final ObservableEmitter<T> emitter;
final AtomicThrowable error;
final SpscLinkedArrayQueue<T> queue;
volatile boolean done;
SerializedEmitter(ObservableEmitter<T> emitter) {
this.emitter = emitter;
this.error = new AtomicThrowable();
this.queue = new SpscLinkedArrayQueue<T>(16);
}
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
if (emitter.isDisposed() || done) {
return;
}
if (t == null) {
onError(new NullPointerException("onNext called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources."));
return;
}
if (get() == 0 && compareAndSet(0, 1)) {
emitter.onNext(t);
if (decrementAndGet() == 0) {
return;
}
} else {
SimpleQueue<T> q = queue;
synchronized (q) {
q.offer(t);
}
if (getAndIncrement() != 0) {
return;
}
}
drainLoop();
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) {
if (!tryOnError(t)) {
RxJavaPlugins.onError(t);
}
}
@Override
public boolean tryOnError(Throwable t) {
if (emitter.isDisposed() || done) {
return false;
}
if (t == null) {
t = new NullPointerException("onError called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources.");
}
if (error.addThrowable(t)) {
done = true;
drain();
return true;
}
return false;
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
if (emitter.isDisposed() || done) {
return;
}
done = true;
drain();
}
void drain() {
if (getAndIncrement() == 0) {
drainLoop();
}
}
void drainLoop() {
ObservableEmitter<T> e = emitter;
SpscLinkedArrayQueue<T> q = queue;
AtomicThrowable error = this.error;
int missed = 1;
for (;;) {
for (;;) {
if (e.isDisposed()) {
q.clear();
return;
}
if (error.get() != null) {
q.clear();
e.onError(error.terminate());
return;
}
boolean d = done;
T v = q.poll();
boolean empty = v == null;
if (d && empty) {
e.onComplete();
return;
}
if (empty) {
break;
}
e.onNext(v);
}
missed = addAndGet(-missed);
if (missed == 0) {
break;
}
}
}
@Override
public void setDisposable(Disposable s) {
emitter.setDisposable(s);
}
@Override
public void setCancellable(Cancellable c) {
emitter.setCancellable(c);
}
@Override
public boolean isDisposed() {
return emitter.isDisposed();
}
@Override
public ObservableEmitter<T> serialize() {
return this;
}
}
}
这里将ObservableCreate的源码全部放在这，作为一个埋点
其实，Observable.create()方法主要功能就是创建了一个ObservableCreate对象，并将自定义的source传给ObservableCreate。该方法最终返回的是ObserverableCreate对象。
三、subscribe订阅过程
分析执行subscribe()订阅流程，并将自定义观察者作为参数传入。
Observable.java
@Override
public final void subscribe(Observer<? super T> observer) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(observer, "observer is null"); // 功能校验，判定observer是否为null
try {
observer = RxJavaPlugins.onSubscribe(this, observer);
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(observer, "Plugin returned null Observer");
subscribeActual(observer);
} catch (NullPointerException e) { // NOPMD
throw e;
} catch (Throwable e) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
// can't call onError because no way to know if a Disposable has been set or not
// can't call onSubscribe because the call might have set a Subscription already
RxJavaPlugins.onError(e);
NullPointerException npe = new NullPointerException("Actually not, but can't throw other exceptions due to RS");
npe.initCause(e);
throw npe;
}
}
首先会执行一些功能校验，最后执行到subscribeActual()方法中。
Observable.java
protected abstract void subscribeActual(Observer<? super T> observer);
subscribeActual()是一个抽象类，从而最终调用的是ObservableCreate的subscribeActual()方法中。
ObservableCreate.java
@Override
protected void subscribeActual(Observer<? super T> observer) { // observer为自定义观察者
// 自定义一个CreateEmitter发射器
CreateEmitter<T> parent = new CreateEmitter<T>(observer);
// 执行该方法就会执行自定义观察者的onSubscribe()方法中
observer.onSubscribe(parent);
try {
source.subscribe(parent);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(ex);
parent.onError(ex);
}
}
subscribeActual()方法里面会执行如下三个操作：
1）CreateEmitter<T> parent = new CreateEmitter<T>(observer); --> 首先会创建一个CreateEmitter发射器，并将自定义观察者传入该发射器中
2）observer.onSubscribe(parent);–> 执行自定义观察者的onSubscribe()方法，所以该方法也是最先执行调用，并且一定在主线程中
3）source.subscribe(parent); -->执行自定义source的subscribe()订阅操作,从而跳转到示例代码1中ObservableOnSubscribe的subscribe()方法，并将CreateEmitter发射器作为参数传入进去
new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
}
执行e.onNext("test")就会跳转到CreateEmitter发射器中的onNext()方法
ObservableCreate.java
static final class CreateEmitter<T>
extends AtomicReference<Disposable>
implements ObservableEmitter<T>, Disposable {
final Observer<? super T> observer;
CreateEmitter(Observer<? super T> observer) {
this.observer = observer;
}
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
if (t == null) {
onError(new NullPointerException("onNext called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources."));
return;
}
if (!isDisposed()) {
observer.onNext(t); //执行该流程，observer为自定义观察者
}
}
...
}
该observer为上面流程中自定义的CreateEmitter发射器CreateEmitter<T> parent = new CreateEmitter<T>(observer);传入进来的自定义观察者对象，执行observer.onNext(t)该语句就调到示例代码1中的
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
}
Observable与Observer订阅的过程时序图如下：
在标准的观察者设计模式中，是一个“被观察者”，多个“观察者”，并且需要“被观察者”发出改变通知后，所以的“观察者”才能观察到
在RxJava观察者设计模式中，是多个“被观察者”，一个“观察者”，并且需要 起点（被观察者） 和 终点（观察者） 在“订阅”一次后，才发出改变通知，终点（观察者）才能观察到
图1：RxJava简单订阅过程：
四、map操作符
加入map操作符之后的简单示例代码2：
private Disposable mDisposable;
// 创建ObserverCreate
Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() { //自定义source
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
})
// ObservableCreate.map
.map(new Function<String, String>() {
@Override
public String apply(String s) throws Exception {
return s;
}
})
// ObservableMap.subscribe
.subscribe(new Observer<String>() { //自定义观察者
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
mDisposable = d;
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
}
});
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (mDisposable != null) {
if (!mDisposable.isDisposed()) {
mDisposable.dispose();
}
}
}
这个示例代码2写法采用装饰模型
图2：加入map操作符之后的流程：
从①~⑥流程简称为封包裹，⑦ ~⑨流程简称为拆包裹
其实图1与图2的区别不大，主要就是多了一个ObservableMap封包裹的流程，其他流程都类似。针对这个区别进行代码流程阐述下：
从示例代码2中执行map()操作进行分析：
Observable.java
public final <R> Observable<R> map(Function<? super T, ? extends R> mapper) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(mapper, "mapper is null");
return RxJavaPlugins.onAssembly(new ObservableMap<T, R>(this, mapper));
}
进行创建ObservableMap对象
ObservableMap.java
public final class ObservableMap<T, U> extends AbstractObservableWithUpstream<T, U> {
final Function<? super T, ? extends U> function;
public ObservableMap(ObservableSource<T> source, Function<? super T, ? extends U> function) {
super(source); //source指ObservableCreate
this.function = function; // 自定义的Function方法
}
@Override
public void subscribeActual(Observer<? super U> t) {
source.subscribe(new MapObserver<T, U>(t, function)); //这里面的t为下一层包裹即图2中的自定义观察者,source指上一层ObservableCreate
}
...
}
这里需要注意，在ObservableMap()构造函数中，参数source指从上一层传过来的ObservableCreate对象，参数function指示例代码2中的new Function()方法。
.map(new Function<String, String>()
执行示例代码2中的.subscribe()其实就是执行到了ObservableMap类的subscribeActual()方法，在这个方法中会对MapObserver进行封装一层包裹，并将下一层的包裹即自定义观察者也就是参数t传入。
MapObserver为ObservableMap的内部类。
ObservableMap.java
static final class MapObserver<T, U> extends BasicFuseableObserver<T, U> {
final Function<? super T, ? extends U> mapper;
MapObserver(Observer<? super U> actual, Function<? super T, ? extends U> mapper) {
super(actual); // actual为自定义观察者
this.mapper = mapper;
}
...
}
在执行图2的第⑧步流程时，就会调用执行包裹1的onNext()方法，即MapObserver类的onNext();
ObservableMap.java
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
if (done) {
return;
}
if (sourceMode != NONE) {
actual.onNext(null);
return;
}
U v;
try {
// 代码1
v = ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(mapper.apply(t), "The mapper function returned a null value.");
} catch (Throwable ex) {
fail(ex);
return;
}
// 代码2
actual.onNext(v);
}
1：代码1
执行mapper.apply(t)流程的时候，其实就是调用了示例代码2中的apply()方法。
Function.java
public interface Function<T, R> {
R apply(@NonNull T t) throws Exception;
}
@Override
public String apply(String s) throws Exception {
return s;
}
2：代码2
actual.onNext(v);中的actual是在ObservableMap构造函数传过来的，actual对应图2中的自定义观察者对象，也就是对应图2中的第9步流程。
五、线程切换原理
subscribeOn：给上面代码分配线程
observeOn：给下面代码分配线程
Scheduler分类：
| 调度器类型 | 效果 |
|---|---|
| Schedulers.computation() | 用于计算任务，如事件循环或回调处理，不要用于IO操作（IO操作使用Schedulers.io()）；默认线程数等于处理器的数量 |
| Schedulers.from(executor) | 使用指定的Executor作为调度器 |
| Schedulers.immediate() | 在当前线程立即开始执行任务 |
| Schedulers.io() | 用于IO密集型任务 |
| Schedulers.newThread() | 为每个任务创建一个新任务 |
| Schedulers.trampoline() | 当其他排队的任务完成后，在当前线程排队开始执行 |
| AndroidSchedulers.mainThread() | 用于Android的UI更新操作 |
1. 异步线程流程
示例代码3：
private Disposable mDisposable;
//创建ObserverableCreate对象
Observable.create(
// 自定义source
new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
}
)
// TODO 第二步
//ObservableCreate.subscribeOn()
.subscribeOn(
// TODO 第一步
Schedulers.io() // 给上面的代码分配异步线程
)
// TODO 第三步
// ObservableSubscribeOn.subscribe()
.subscribe(
// 自定义观察者
new Observer<String>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
mDisposable = d;
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
Log.d("abc", "onNext：" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
}
});
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (mDisposable != null) {
if (!mDisposable.isDisposed()) {
mDisposable.dispose();
}
}
}
示例代码3只是简单的在示例代码1上添加了一行异步线程的操作 .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())，从第一步该语句进行分析：
Schedules.java
static final Scheduler IO;
...
static {
SINGLE = RxJavaPlugins.initSingleScheduler(new SingleTask());
COMPUTATION = RxJavaPlugins.initComputationScheduler(new ComputationTask());
IO = RxJavaPlugins.initIoScheduler(new IOTask());
TRAMPOLINE = TrampolineScheduler.instance();
NEW_THREAD = RxJavaPlugins.initNewThreadScheduler(new NewThreadTask());
}
...
@NonNull
public static Scheduler io() {
return RxJavaPlugins.onIoScheduler(IO);
}
RxJavaPlugins.initIoScheduler(...);这条语句也采用了hook机制，继续分析new IOTask()流程
Schedules.java
static final class IOTask implements Callable<Scheduler> {
@Override
public Scheduler call() throws Exception {
return IoHolder.DEFAULT;
}
}
DEFAULT赋值如下：
Schedules.java
static final class IoHolder {
static final Scheduler DEFAULT = new IoScheduler();
}
IoScheduler.java
public IoScheduler() {
this(WORKER_THREAD_FACTORY);
}
public IoScheduler(ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
this.pool = new AtomicReference<CachedWorkerPool>(NONE);
start();
}
@Override
public void start() {
CachedWorkerPool update = new CachedWorkerPool(KEEP_ALIVE_TIME, KEEP_ALIVE_UNIT, threadFactory);
if (!pool.compareAndSet(NONE, update)) {
update.shutdown();
}
}
IoScheduler.java
private final ScheduledExecutorService evictorService; //线程池
CachedWorkerPool(long keepAliveTime, TimeUnit unit, ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
this.keepAliveTime = unit != null ? unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime) : 0L;
this.expiringWorkerQueue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<ThreadWorker>();
this.allWorkers = new CompositeDisposable();
this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
ScheduledExecutorService evictor = null;
Future<?> task = null;
if (unit != null) {
evictor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1, EVICTOR_THREAD_FACTORY); // 创建线程池
task = evictor.scheduleWithFixedDelay(this, this.keepAliveTime, this.keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
}
evictorService = evictor;
evictorTask = task;
}
第一步总结：执行Schedulers.io() 最终返回的是Scheduler，也就是IOScheduler对象。通过new IOScheduler 创建了一个线程池，然后通过subscribeOn()来触发。
Observable.java
public final Observable<T> subscribeOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(scheduler, "scheduler is null");
return RxJavaPlugins.onAssembly(new ObservableSubscribeOn<T>(this, scheduler));
}
此时new 了一个ObservableSubscribeOn对象，并将IoScheduler对象传进去
ObservableSubscribeOn.java
final Scheduler scheduler;
public ObservableSubscribeOn(ObservableSource<T> source, Scheduler scheduler) {
super(source);
this.scheduler = scheduler;
}
第二步总结：就是创建了一个ObservableSubscribeOn对象，并将IoScheduler传入到该类中。
执行第三步的.subscribe()订阅流程也就执行到了ObservableSubscribeOn.subscribeActual()这个方法中。
ObservableSubscribeOn.java
// s为自定义观察者
public void subscribeActual(final Observer<? super T> s) {
// 代码1
final SubscribeOnObserver<T> parent = new SubscribeOnObserver<T>(s); //定义一个包裹SubscribeOnObserver
// 代码2
s.onSubscribe(parent);
// 代码3
parent.setDisposable(scheduler.scheduleDirect(new SubscribeTask(parent)));
}
1：代码1
final SubscribeOnObserver<T> parent = new SubscribeOnObserver<T>(s);定义一个包裹SubscribeOnObserver，并将自定义观察者s作为参数传入
2：代码2
执行s.onSubscribe(parent);对应的执行到了示例代码3中的语句块
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
mDisposable = d;
}
3：代码3
首先先分析parent.setDisposable(scheduler.scheduleDirect(new SubscribeTask(parent)));语句中的new SubscribeTask(parent)代码流程
ObservableSubscribeOn.java
final class SubscribeTask implements Runnable {
private final SubscribeOnObserver<T> parent;
SubscribeTask(SubscribeOnObserver<T> parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
@Override
public void run() {
source.subscribe(parent);
}
}
SubscribeTask 就是一个线程任务
source.subscribe(parent);这个语句块中的source就是指上一层的对象，在示例代码3中指ObservableCreate，parent指包裹SubscribeOnObserver。
之后继续分析parent.setDisposable(scheduler.scheduleDirect(new SubscribeTask(parent)));语句中的scheduler.scheduleDirect(...)代码流程
Scheduler.java
public Disposable scheduleDirect(@NonNull Runnable run) {
return scheduleDirect(run, 0L, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
}
Scheduler.java
// run是指SubscribeTask任务
public Disposable scheduleDirect(@NonNull Runnable run, long delay, @NonNull TimeUnit unit) {
// 代码1
final Worker w = createWorker();
// 代码2
final Runnable decoratedRun = RxJavaPlugins.onSchedule(run); // hook机制
// 代码3
DisposeTask task = new DisposeTask(decoratedRun, w);
// 代码4
w.schedule(task, delay, unit);
return task;
}
1：代码1
执行final Worker w = createWorker();，createWorker()是一个抽象方法，其实调用到了IoScheduler类的createWorker()
IoScheduler.java
@NonNull
@Override
public Worker createWorker() {
return new EventLoopWorker(pool.get());
}
IoScheduler.java
static final class EventLoopWorker extends Scheduler.Worker {
private final CompositeDisposable tasks;
private final CachedWorkerPool pool;
private final ThreadWorker threadWorker;
final AtomicBoolean once = new AtomicBoolean();
EventLoopWorker(CachedWorkerPool pool) {
this.pool = pool;
this.tasks = new CompositeDisposable();
this.threadWorker = pool.get();
}
...
}
该语句块最后返回的是EventLoopWorker对象。
2：代码2
其实代码2语句就是将Runable进行封装了下，最后还是Runnable
3：代码3
将Runnable又包装了一层 为DisposeTask
Scheduler.java
static final class DisposeTask implements Runnable, Disposable {
final Runnable decoratedRun;
final Worker w;
DisposeTask(Runnable decoratedRun, Worker w) {
this.decoratedRun = decoratedRun;
this.w = w;
}
...
}
4：代码4
执行 w.schedule(task, delay, unit);就会执行到EventLoopWorker类的schedule()方法
IoScheduler.java
public Disposable schedule(@NonNull Runnable action, long delayTime, @NonNull TimeUnit unit) {
if (tasks.isDisposed()) {
// don't schedule, we are unsubscribed
return EmptyDisposable.INSTANCE;
}
return threadWorker.scheduleActual(action, delayTime, unit, tasks);
}
NewThreadWorker.java
public ScheduledRunnable scheduleActual(final Runnable run, long delayTime, @NonNull TimeUnit unit, @Nullable DisposableContainer parent) {
Runnable decoratedRun = RxJavaPlugins.onSchedule(run);
ScheduledRunnable sr = new ScheduledRunnable(decoratedRun, parent);
if (parent != null) {
if (!parent.add(sr)) {
return sr;
}
}
Future<?> f;
try {
if (delayTime <= 0) {
f = executor.submit((Callable<Object>)sr); //线程池的执行，executor是ScheduleExecutorService线程池
} else {
f = executor.schedule((Callable<Object>)sr, delayTime, unit);
}
sr.setFuture(f);
} catch (RejectedExecutionException ex) {
if (parent != null) {
parent.remove(sr);
}
RxJavaPlugins.onError(ex);
}
return sr;
}
scheduler.scheduleDirect(new SubscribeTask(parent)) 这句代码的最终目的就是将 SubscribeTask 任务 交给线程池去执行。
执行executor.submit()该语句就会触发SubscribeTask任务的Run()方法执行，该SubscribeTask任务就处于异步线程中。
ObservableSubscribeOn.java
public void run() {
source.subscribe(parent); //处于异步线程中执行
}
source.subscribe(parent);这个语句块中的source就是指上一层的对象，在示例代码3中指ObservableCreate，parent指包裹SubscribeOnObserver。
图3：subscribeOn异步流程：
说明：步骤④是将SubscribeTask任务加入到线程池中执行，则后续步骤⑤~⑩都是在异步线程中执行
subscribeOn()切换线程时序图：
2. 主线程流程
示例代码4：
private Disposable mDisposable;
//创建ObserverableCreate对象
Observable.create(
// 自定义source
new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> e) throws Exception {
e.onNext("test");
}
}
)
// TODO 第二步
//ObservableCreate.observeOn()
.observeOn(
// TODO 第一步
AndroidSchedulers.mainThread() // 给上面的代码分配主线程
)
// TODO 第三步
// ObservableObserveOn.subscribe()
.subscribe(
// 自定义观察者
new Observer<String>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
mDisposable = d;
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
Log.d("abc", "onNext：" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
}
});
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (mDisposable != null) {
if (!mDisposable.isDisposed()) {
mDisposable.dispose();
}
}
}
先来分析下第一步AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()流程：
AndroidSchedulers.java
public static Scheduler mainThread() {
return RxAndroidPlugins.onMainThreadScheduler(MAIN_THREAD);
}
private static final Scheduler MAIN_THREAD = RxAndroidPlugins.initMainThreadScheduler(
new Callable<Scheduler>() {
@Override public Scheduler call() throws Exception {
return MainHolder.DEFAULT;
}
});
private static final class MainHolder {
static final Scheduler DEFAULT = new HandlerScheduler(new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()));
}
HandlerScheduler.java
final class HandlerScheduler extends Scheduler {
private final Handler handler;
HandlerScheduler(Handler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
...
}
AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()流程就是创建了一个HandlerScheduler对象。
执行第二步.observeOn(...)
Observable.java
public final Observable<T> observeOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
return observeOn(scheduler, false, bufferSize());
}
public final Observable<T> observeOn(Scheduler scheduler, boolean delayError, int bufferSize) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(scheduler, "scheduler is null");
ObjectHelper.verifyPositive(bufferSize, "bufferSize");
return RxJavaPlugins.onAssembly(new ObservableObserveOn<T>(this, scheduler, delayError, bufferSize));
}
创建一个ObservableObserveOn对象，其中scheduler就是HandlerScheduler对象。
ObservableObserveOn.java
public ObservableObserveOn(ObservableSource<T> source, Scheduler scheduler, boolean delayError, int bufferSize) {
super(source);
this.scheduler = scheduler;
this.delayError = delayError;
this.bufferSize = bufferSize;
}
.observeOn(...)流程就是创建一个ObservableObserveOn对象，并将HandlerScheduler对象传入。
之后执行第三步.subscribe()，对应执行的是ObservableObserveOn.subscribeActual()
ObservableObserveOn.java
@Override
public void subscribeActual(final Observer<? super T> s) {
// 代码1
final SubscribeOnObserver<T> parent = new SubscribeOnObserver<T>(s);
// 代码2
s.onSubscribe(parent);
// 代码3
parent.setDisposable(scheduler.scheduleDirect(new SubscribeTask(parent)));
}
其实，参数s为自定义的观察者，这个地方跟异步线程的流程是一样的，
代码1：封装了一层SubscribeOnObserver包裹
代码2：执行自定义观察者中的onSubscribe()方法流程
代码3：scheduler.scheduleDirect(new SubscribeTask(parent)) 这行代码的功能就是将SubscribeTask任务交给主线程执行。
HandlerScheduler.java
@Override
public Worker createWorker() {
return new HandlerWorker(handler);
}
private static final class HandlerWorker extends Worker {
private final Handler handler;
private volatile boolean disposed;
HandlerWorker(Handler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
@Override
public Disposable schedule(Runnable run, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
if (run == null) throw new NullPointerException("run == null");
if (unit == null) throw new NullPointerException("unit == null");
if (disposed) {
return Disposables.disposed();
}
run = RxJavaPlugins.onSchedule(run);
ScheduledRunnable scheduled = new ScheduledRunnable(handler, run); //将run运行在主线程中
Message message = Message.obtain(handler, scheduled);
message.obj = this; // Used as token for batch disposal of this worker's runnables.
handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, Math.max(0L, unit.toMillis(delay)));
// Re-check disposed state for removing in case we were racing a call to dispose().
if (disposed) {
handler.removeCallbacks(scheduled);
return Disposables.disposed();
}
return scheduled;
}
...
}
图4：observeOn主线程流程：
observeOn()时序图：
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