java springboot 2.x 环境搭建

环境：
java version 1.8
Apache Maven 3.2.2 
ide:idea
springboot:2.1.3.RELEASE

创建步骤：
1 file=>new=>mudule...
2 选择 Spring Initializr:module sdk 选择 1.7，其他默认。下一步
3 填写一些包信息，packaging 选择 war，java version 选择 1.7；下一步
4 找到 web 节点，勾选 web 复选框，生成一个 web 项目；（这步很关键，可以生成一个 ServletInitializer 类）；下一步
5 选择生成路径，点击 finish，完成一个 springboot 项目创建；

测试：

http://localhost:8081/res/imgs/s.jpg

http://localhost:8081/v/index.html

http://localhost:8081/index

项目结构：
├── main
│   ├── java
│   │   ├── aop
│   │   │   └── BaseInterceptor.java    //拦截器，控制访问权限
│   │   ├── configs
│   │   │   └── WebMvcConfig.java   //web配置，可以配置拦截器、静态资源映射、视图路由映射等
│   │   ├── controller
│   │   │   └── HeloController.java  //控制器
│   │   └── main
│   │       ├── MainApplication.java    //主程序入口
│   │       └── ServletInitializer.java //tomact 部署支持
│   └── resources
│       ├── application.properties  //应用程序配置，可配置域名、端口号等
│       ├── res     //资源目录
│       │   ├── imgs
│       │   │   └── s.jpg 
│       │   └── css
│       ├── static
│       ├── templates
│       └── views   //页面目录
│           ├── error.html
│           └── index.html
└── test

 

pom.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>my-layui</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<name>my-layui</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!--热部署支持-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
			<scope>true</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<!--fork :  如果没有该项配置，肯定devtools不会起作用，即应用不会restart -->
					<fork>true</fork>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

application.properties

server.port=8081

BaseInterceptor.java

package aop;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;

@Component
public class BaseInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public BaseInterceptor(){
        System.out.println("BaseInterceptor 完成");
    }

    /**
     * true=有权限，false=无权访问
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param handler
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {
        //登录验证
        if (request.getRequestURI().startsWith("/admin")) {
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login"); //跳转到登录页
            return false;
        }
        System.out.println("pre = "+request.getRequestURI());
        File path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
        if(!path.exists())
            path = new File("");
        System.out.println("物理路径 = "+path.getAbsolutePath());

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex){
        System.out.println("after = "+request.getRequestURI());
    }

}

WebMvcConfig.java

package configs;

import aop.BaseInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    public WebMvcConfig(){
        System.out.println("加载 WebMvcConfig");
    }
    /**
     * 基础拦截器
     */
    @Resource
    private BaseInterceptor baseInterceptor;

    /**
     * 配置静态访问资源
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        List<String> staticDirs = Arrays.asList("/views/**", "/res/**");
        //告知拦截器：/static/admin/** 与 /static/user/** 不需要拦截 （配置的是 路径）
        registry.addInterceptor(baseInterceptor)
                .excludePathPatterns(staticDirs);
        System.out.println("addInterceptors() 完成");
    }
    /**
     * 添加静态资源文件，外部可以直接访问地址
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        //第一个方法设置访问路径前缀(可以设置多个虚拟目录，映射到同一个物理目录)
        //第二个方法设置资源路径
        registry.addResourceHandler("/res/**","/r/**","/src/**")
                .addResourceLocations("classpath:/res/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/views/**","/v/**","/pages/**")
                .addResourceLocations("classpath:/views/");
        System.out.println("addResourceHandlers() 完成");
    }

    /**
     * 可以直接指定一些页面路由映射规则
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //第一个方法设置访问路径前缀
        //第二个方法设置资源路径
        registry.addViewController("/error")
                .setViewName("/views/error.html");
        registry.addViewController("/index")
                .setViewName("/views/index.html");
        System.out.println("addViewControllers() 完成");
    }
}

HeloController.java

package controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Date;

@RestController
public class HeloController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String hello() {
        System.err.println("HeloController.hello();");
        return "hello word！，" + new Date();
    }
    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login() {
        System.err.println("HeloController.login();");
        return "需要登录后访问，" + new Date();
    }
    @RequestMapping("/admin")
    public String admin() {
        System.err.println("HeloController.admin();");
        return "管理员操作页，" + new Date();
    }
}

MainApplication.java

package main;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScans;

/**
 *  springboot 主项目，应用程序入口
 */
@SpringBootApplication
//spring 注入扫描的包，默认只扫面 MainApplication 同级的包
@ComponentScans(value = {@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"aop","configs","controller"})})
public class MainApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("springBoot 准备启动...");
		SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);
		System.out.println("springBoot 已启动...");
	}

}

ServletInitializer.java

package main;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

/**
 *  //tomcat 启动入口
 */
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

	@Override
	protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
		System.out.println("tomcat 启动入口注册");
		return application.sources(MainApplication.class);
	}

}