android framework MediaScanner等sd卡u盘扫描流程简要跟踪分析

涉及到的几个类文件：

1. MediaScanner.java
2. MediaScannerService.java
3. MediaProvider.java
4. MediaScannerReceiver.java
5. android_media_MediaScanner.cpp

当插入sd卡或者插入U盘时，系统会对其进行文件扫描（音乐，视频，图片等），以及音乐播放器中对音乐文件的扫描获取各种信息也是借助于这几个文件来实现扫描功能的。

下面就针对这几个类源码跟踪一下。

MediaScannerReceiver.java 该类是extends BroadCastReceiver，自定义广播类，接收开机广播ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED以及ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED  ,ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE

   
   
   

    
    
    

     
     
     @Override
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
         public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             final String action = intent.getAction();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             final Uri uri = intent.getData();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             if (Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.equals(action)) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                 // Scan both internal and external storage
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                 //外部存储以及内部存储都扫描
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                 scan(context, MediaProvider.INTERNAL_VOLUME);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                 scan(context, MediaProvider.EXTERNAL_VOLUME);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
      
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             } else {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                 if (uri.getScheme().equals("file")) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     // handle intents related to external storage
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
     #################################注意这部分内容
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     String path = uri.getPath();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
     				// mnt/sdcard/        /storage/usbdisk
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     String externalStoragePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     String legacyPath = Environment.getLegacyExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
      
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     try {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
     					//diff : getPath getAbsolutePath  
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
     					// recomended use getCanonicalPath()  
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         path = new File(path).getCanonicalPath();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     } catch (IOException e) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         Log.e(TAG, "couldn't canonicalize " + path);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         return;
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     }
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     if (path.startsWith(legacyPath)) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         path = externalStoragePath + path.substring(legacyPath.length());
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     }
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
     ############################################
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                    //eg:  action: android.intent.action.MEDIA_MOUNTED path: /storage/usbdisk
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     Log.d(TAG, "action: " + action + " path: " + path);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     if (Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(action)) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         // scan whenever any volume is mounted .Scan externalStorage
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         scan(context, MediaProvider.EXTERNAL_VOLUME);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     } else if (Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE.equals(action) &&
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                             path != null && path.startsWith(externalStoragePath + "/")) {
       
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                             //scan a single folder's files in externalStorage .
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                          //扫描某个特定的文件目录
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                         scanFile(context, path);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     }
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                 }
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             }
    
    
    
   
   
   

MediaScannerReceiver的广播是从MediaService发送过来的，接下来他会去调用scan方法扫描。

MediaScannerReceiver::scan()

   
   
   

    
    
    

     
     
         private void scan(Context context, String volume) { //volume:  internal 或者 external 
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             Bundle args = new Bundle();
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             args.putString("volume", volume);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             context.startService( //启动MediaScannerService
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
                     new Intent(context, MediaScannerService.class).putExtras(args));
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
         }    
    
    
    
   
   
   

因此，接下来我们进入MediaScannerService Service中， MediaScannerService extends Service implements Runnable 实现了Runnable接口，因此我们可以猜测后面的扫描在run方法中进行，否则会阻塞了主线程。

Service 从首次创建到启动需要经历： onCreate() ---- onStartCommand() ...  方法

MediaScannerService::onCreate()

   
   
   

    
    
    

     
     
         @Override
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
         public void onCreate()
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
         {   #################
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             PowerManager pm = (PowerManager)getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             mWakeLock = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, TAG);
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             #################保持屏幕亮屏，当android.process.media进程在干活的时候，告诉cpu，你不能熄火
    
    
    
    
    
    

     
     
             StorageManager storageManager = (StorageManager)getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);