GDI -- 将灰度图数据画到控件上

实现功能

1. 将灰度图内存数据画到控件上
2. 原始灰度图的宽高与控件宽高不相同
3. 在画到控件上之前要在原始的灰度图上做一些效果，如叠加文字、画效果图形等

上代码

void ShowFrameOnCtl(HWND hWnd, unsigned char* frame, int w, int h)
{
	HDC hdcPicControl;

	// GetDC() need to be ReleaseDC
	hdcPicControl = ::GetDC(hWnd);

	RECT rcPic;
	::GetClientRect(hWnd, &rcPic);

	int nWidth = rcPic.right - rcPic.left;
	int nHeight = rcPic.bottom - rcPic.top;

	HDC hCompatibleDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdcPicControl);
	HBITMAP hCompatibleBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcPicControl, w, h);
	HBITMAP hOldBitmap = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hCompatibleDC, hCompatibleBitmap);

	// 灰度图
	BITMAPINFOHEADER BitmapInfo;
	BITMAPINFO *_BitmapInfo = (BITMAPINFO*)new char[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) * 256 * sizeof(RGBQUAD)];
	memset(_BitmapInfo, 0, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));

	BitmapInfo.biSize = 40;
	BitmapInfo.biPlanes = 1;
	BitmapInfo.biBitCount = 8;
	BitmapInfo.biClrImportant = 0;
	BitmapInfo.biCompression = BI_RGB;
	BitmapInfo.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
	BitmapInfo.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
	BitmapInfo.biClrUsed = 256;
	BitmapInfo.biClrImportant = 0;
	BitmapInfo.biWidth = 0;
	BitmapInfo.biHeight = 0;

	/*把BMP位图信息头中的数据读取到位图信息结构中去.*/
	memcpy(_BitmapInfo, &BitmapInfo, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));

	RGBQUAD *rgb = (RGBQUAD*)((BYTE*)_BitmapInfo + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
	for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
		rgb[i].rgbBlue = rgb[i].rgbGreen = rgb[i].rgbRed = i;
	}

	_BitmapInfo->bmiHeader.biWidth = w;
	_BitmapInfo->bmiHeader.biHeight = -1 * h;
	_BitmapInfo->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = 0;
	_BitmapInfo->bmiHeader.biBitCount = 8;
	_BitmapInfo->bmiHeader.biClrUsed = 256;

	SetStretchBltMode(hCompatibleDC, COLORONCOLOR);
	StretchDIBits(hCompatibleDC,
		0, 0, w, h,
		0, 0, w, h,
		frame, _BitmapInfo, DIB_RGB_COLORS, SRCCOPY);

	//在内存DC上画一些效果
	if (!m_disableDraw)
		drawView(hCompatibleDC, w, h);

	delete _BitmapInfo;

	SetStretchBltMode(hdcPicControl, COLORONCOLOR);
	::StretchBlt(hdcPicControl, 0, 0, nWidth, nHeight, hCompatibleDC, 0, 0, w, h, SRCCOPY);

	SelectObject(hCompatibleDC, hOldBitmap);
	DeleteObject(hCompatibleBitmap);
	DeleteDC(hCompatibleDC);
	// ReleaseDC of hdcPicControl
	ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdcPicControl);
}

小结

创建内存位图
HBITMAP CreateCompatibleBitmap(HDC hdc,int nWidth,int nHeight)

nWidth 和 nHeight不一定要和hdc的大小一样， 这样可以让创建的位置和原始图像一致，最后内存DC拷贝到原始DC时，缩放一下即可

背景知识

什么是DC

device context is a structure that defines a set of graphic objects and their associated attributes, as well as the graphic modes that affect output. The graphic objects include a pen for line drawing, a brush for painting and filling, a bitmap for copying or scrolling parts of the screen, a palette for defining the set of available colors, a region for clipping and other operations, and a path for painting and drawing operations. The remainder of this section is divided into the following three areas.

这是微软官方的解释，翻译一下：

DC全称Device Contexts, 意为设备上下文，它是一个定义了一系列图形对象及其属性发生的数据结构，其他也包括一些影响显示的图形模式。 图形对象包括画笔(画直线)、画刷(填充)、位图(拷贝或滚动屏幕的其他部分)、调色板(定义了一系列颜色)、裁剪区、路径。

另外，设备上下文是设备无关的，DC主要是给用户一致的绘图体验，它是用户与真实设备驱动之间一个桥梁，用来屏蔽设备驱动等底层细节。

双缓冲

双缓冲是一种方法，它可以用来避免画图闪烁的问题。如果直接在画布上画图，每次都要先擦除再绘制，这一过程需要时间，如果显示的刷新频率很快或绘制过程很慢(比较CPU性能差)，就会让用户看到这一中间过程，造成闪烁现象。

Win32中双缓冲的原理是先创建一个内存DC，画图绘制在内存DC上，绘制好后将内存DC直接拷贝到原始DC上，这样就避免了闪烁。

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就酱~