ActionForm

1、动态ActionForm
动态ActionForm是为了避免标准ActionForm膨胀而设计的，使用动态ActionForm可以获得标准
ActionForm的所有功能
* 在struts-config.xml文件中定义动态ActionForm,如：
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="dynaForm" type="org.apache.struts.action.DynaActionForm">
<form-property name="username" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer"/>
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
*在Action中使用动态ActionForm，参见DynaActionFormTestAction.java
DynaActionForm daf = (DynaActionForm)form;
String username = (String)daf.get("username");
Integer age = (Integer)daf.get("age");

动态ActionForm其实是把页面中的html元素的名字和值放到了map中，所以通过get方法可以取出相应的值
动态ActionForm采用EL表达式的输出方式，${dynabean.map.prop}, 参见：dyna_actionform.jsp
动态Action的验证，通常使用动态验证框架validator

2、采用struts上传文件
* 页面的配置，如：
<form action="upload.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
标题：<input type="text" name="title"><br>
文件：<input type="file" name="myfile"><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
* ActionForm中使用FormFile来接收上传的文件，参见：UploadActionForm.java
* 在Action中调用FormFile取得上传文件数据，采用流输出，即完成上传，参见：UploadTestAction.java
* 采用<controller/>标签配置上传参数，如：<controller maxFileSize="10M"/>

3、空字段测试
* 在表单中没有input输入域，jsp脚本接收到的值为null，el表达式接收到的值为空串
* 如果表单中的值，没有输入，那么jsp脚本和el表达式接收到的值都为空串

4、测试ActionForm类型的自动转换
* boolean:yes,1,on,true都会转换成True类型，而且忽略大小写，其他情况转换成false
* Date类型的转换：
* 如果是java.sql.Date，页面日期的格式必须为yyyy-mm-dd，才可以转换
* 如果是java.util.Date,默认情况下struts无法转换

* 自定义转换器的实现步骤
* 实现converter接口，实现convert方法
* 将实现的conerter注册，通常情况采用servlet注册
* 采用servlet注册需要注意标签的配置,<load-on-startup>10</load-on-startup>(也可以采用struts plugin注册)

Struts对ActionForm的自动搜集过程：
* 将页面数据放到map中，其中map中的key为页面中的名称，map中的value为页面中的value值
* 调用BeanUtils.setProperties方法，将map中的值逐个设置到ActionForm实例上，对于ActionForm中的每个属性
根据类型调用相应的Converter，然后调用相应的convert方法，将相应的字符串转换成ActionForm中指定的类型

可以通过BeanUtils.copyProperties(目标对象，源对象)方法进行对象值的复制。

DynaActionFormTestAction.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.action.DynaActionForm;

/**
 * 测试动态ActionForm
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class DynaActionFormTestAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		DynaActionForm daf = (DynaActionForm)form;
		String username = (String)daf.get("username");
		Integer age = (Integer)daf.get("age");
		System.out.println("username=" + username);
		System.out.println("age=" + age);
		return mapping.findForward("success");
	}

}

UploadTestAction.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.upload.FormFile;

/**
 * 上传Action
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class UploadTestAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		UploadActionForm uaf = (UploadActionForm)form;
		System.out.println("title" + uaf.getTitle());
		FormFile myFile = uaf.getMyfile();
		if (myFile != null) {
			System.out.println("fileName=" + myFile.getFileName());

			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("c:\\" + myFile.getFileName());
			fos.write(myFile.getFileData());
			fos.flush();
			fos.close();
		}
		return mapping.findForward("success");
	}

}

UploadActionForm.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.upload.FormFile;

/**
 * 上传ActionForm
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class UploadActionForm extends ActionForm {

	private String title;

	//必须采用FormFile
	private FormFile myfile;

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	public FormFile getMyfile() {
		return myfile;
	}

	public void setMyfile(FormFile myfile) {
		this.myfile = myfile;
	}
}

BlankFieldActionForm.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
 * 测试空字段
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class BlankFieldActionForm extends ActionForm {

	private String username;

	private String password;

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
}

BlankFieldTestAction.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
 * 测试空字段
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class BlankFieldTestAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		return mapping.findForward("success");
	}

}

TypeConvertActionForm.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
 * struts中的类型转换测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class TypeConvertActionForm extends ActionForm {

	private int intValue;

	private double doubleValue;

	private boolean booleanValue;

	private java.sql.Date sqlDate;

	private java.util.Date utilDate;

	public int getIntValue() {
		return intValue;
	}

	public void setIntValue(int intValue) {
		this.intValue = intValue;
	}

	public double getDoubleValue() {
		return doubleValue;
	}

	public void setDoubleValue(double doubleValue) {
		this.doubleValue = doubleValue;
	}

	public boolean isBooleanValue() {
		return booleanValue;
	}

	public void setBooleanValue(boolean booleanValue) {
		this.booleanValue = booleanValue;
	}

	public java.sql.Date getSqlDate() {
		return sqlDate;
	}

	public void setSqlDate(java.sql.Date sqlDate) {
		this.sqlDate = sqlDate;
	}

	public java.util.Date getUtilDate() {
		return utilDate;
	}

	public void setUtilDate(java.util.Date utilDate) {
		this.utilDate = utilDate;
	}
}

TypeConvertTestAction.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
 * struts中的类型转换测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class TypeConvertTestAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		return mapping.findForward("success");
	}

}

UtilDateConverter.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.Converter;

/**
 * java.util.Date类型转换器
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class UtilDateConverter implements Converter {

	public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {
		System.out.println("UtilDateConverter.value=" + value);
		if (value == null) {
			return value;
		}
		if (value instanceof Date) {
			return value;
		}
		Date d = null;
		if (value instanceof String) {
			SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
			try {
				d = sdf.parse((String)value);
			} catch (ParseException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return d;
	}

}

UtilDateConverterInitWithPlugin.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet;
import org.apache.struts.action.PlugIn;
import org.apache.struts.config.ModuleConfig;

public class UtilDateConverterInitWithPlugin implements PlugIn {

	public void destroy() {
	}

	public void init(ActionServlet servlet, ModuleConfig config)
			throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("UtilDateConverterInitWithPlugin.init()");
		ConvertUtils.register(new UtilDateConverter(), Date.class);
	}
}

UtilDateConverterInitWithServlet.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils;

/**
 * 注册java.util.date转换器
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class UtilDateConverterInitWithServlet extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("UtilDateConverterInitWithServlet.init()");
		ConvertUtils.register(new UtilDateConverter(), Date.class);
	}

}

dyna_actionform.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	用户名称：${dynaForm.map.username }<br>
	年龄：${dynaForm.map.age }<br>
</body>
</html>

blankfield_success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ page import="com.bjsxt.struts.*" %>    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<%
		BlankFieldActionForm form = (BlankFieldActionForm)request.getAttribute("blankFieldForm");
	 %>
	<li>jsp脚本</li><br>
	姓名：<%=form.getUsername() %><br>
	密码:<%=form.getPassword() %><br>
	<p>
	<li>el表达式</li><br>
	姓名：${blankFieldForm.username }<br>
	密码:${blankFieldForm.password }<br>
</body>
</html>

typeconvert_success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	intValue:${typeconvertForm.intValue }<br>
	doubleValue:${typeconvertForm.doubleValue }<br>
	booleanValue:${typeconvertForm.booleanValue }<br>
	java.sql.dateValue:${typeconvertForm.sqlDate }<br>
	java.util.utilValue:${typeconvertForm.utilDate }<br>
</body>
</html>

upload_success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	标题：${uploadForm.title}<br>
	文件名：${uploadForm.myfile.fileName  }<br>
</body>
</html>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>测试ActionForm</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>

  <body>
  	<h1>测试ActionForm</h1>
  	<hr>
  	<li>测试动态ActionForm</li><br>
  	<form action="dyanactionform.do" method="post">
  		姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
  	 	年龄：<input type="text" name="age"><br>
  	 	<input type="submit" value="提交">	
  	</form>  
  	<p>
  	<li>测试struts上传文件</li><br>
  	<form action="upload.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  		标题：<input type="text" name="title"><br>
  		文件：<input type="file" name="myfile"><br>
  		<input type="submit" value="提交">
  	</form>
  	<p>
  	<li>空字段测试</li><br>
  	<form action="blankfield.do" method="post">
  		姓名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
  		<input type="submit" value="提交">
  	</form>
   	<p>
   	<li>测试ActionForm类型转换器</li><br>
   	<form action="typeconvert.do" method="post">
   		intValue:<input type="text" name="intValue"><br>
   		doubleValue:<input type="text" name="doubleValue"><br>
   		booleanValue:<input type="text" name="booleanValue"><br>
   		java.sql.Date:<input type="text" name="sqlDate"><br>
   		java.util.Date:<input type="text" name="utilDate"><br>
   		<input type="submit" value="提交">
   	</form>
  </body>
</html>

struts-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="dynaForm" type="org.apache.struts.action.DynaActionForm">
			<form-property name="username" type="java.lang.String"/>
			<form-property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer"/>
		</form-bean>

		<form-bean name="uploadForm" type="com.bjsxt.struts.UploadActionForm"/>

		<form-bean name="blankFieldForm" type="com.bjsxt.struts.BlankFieldActionForm"/>

		<form-bean name="typeconvertForm" type="com.bjsxt.struts.TypeConvertActionForm"/>
	</form-beans>

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/dyanactionform"
				type="com.bjsxt.struts.DynaActionFormTestAction"
				name="dynaForm"
				scope="request"
		>
			<forward name="success" path="/dyna_actionform.jsp"/>
		</action>

		<action path="/upload"
				type="com.bjsxt.struts.UploadTestAction"
				name="uploadForm"
				scope="request"
		>
			<forward name="success" path="/upload_success.jsp"/>
		</action>

		<action path="/blankfield"
				type="com.bjsxt.struts.BlankFieldTestAction"
				name="blankFieldForm"
				scope="request"		
		>
			<forward name="success" path="/blankfield_success.jsp"/>
		</action>

		<action path="/typeconvert"
				type="com.bjsxt.struts.TypeConvertTestAction"
				name="typeconvertForm"
				scope="request"
		>
			<forward name="success" path="/typeconvert_success.jsp"/>	
		</action>
	</action-mappings>

	<controller maxFileSize="10M"/>

	<plug-in className="com.bjsxt.struts.UtilDateConverterInitWithPlugin"/>
</struts-config>