java实现观察者模式

为了看netty源码做准备。

观察者模式、发布-订阅模型、reactor模式本质上类似，通过事件回调来解耦动作执行者和观察者。

观察者模式中主要分三个角色：

1. 观察者（监听器）
2. 事件（执行的动作）
3. 事件源（监视对象）

具体的实现方式分两步：

1. 观察者初始化，绑定到事件源
2. 事件发生时通知绑定了该事件的观察者

代码如下：

1. 观察者：

public interface Listener {

    void onEventAttach(Event event) ;

}

两个实现：AllEventListener和ClickListener

public class AllEventListener implements Listener {

    @Override

    public void onEventAttach(Event event) {

        System. out.println( "AllEventListener onEventAttach,event=" + JSON. toJSONString(event)) ;

    }

}

public class ClickListener implements Listener {

    @Override

    public void onEventAttach(Event event) {

        System. out.println( "ClickListener onEventAttach, event=" + JSON. toJSONString(event)) ;

    }

}

2. 事件对象

public class Event {

    public static final int INIT = 0 ;

    public static final int CLICK = 1 ;

    public static final int DESTORY = - 1 ;

    private int code ;

    private Object data ;

    public Event( int code , Object data) {

        this. code = code ;

        this. data = data ;

    }

    public int getCode() { return code ;}

    public Object getData() { return data ;}

}

3. 事件源

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON ;

import java.util.* ;

public class EventSource {

    public final Object BIND_LOCK = new Object() ;

    public Map<Integer , Set<Listener>> eventListenerMap = new HashMap<>() ;

    public void bind(Listener listener , int eventCode) {

        synchronized ( BIND_LOCK) {//这个lock可以优化

            Set<Listener> listenerSet = eventListenerMap.get(eventCode) ;

            if (listenerSet == null || listenerSet.isEmpty()) {

                listenerSet = new HashSet<>() ;

            }

            listenerSet.add(listener) ;

            eventListenerMap.put(eventCode , listenerSet) ;

        }

    }

    public void bind(Listener listener , List<Integer> eventCodeList) {

        eventCodeList.forEach(eventCode -> bind( listener , eventCode)) ;

    }

    public EventSource() {

        System. out.println( "EventSource create!") ;

    }

    public void init() {

        System. out.println( "EventSource init!") ;

        notifyListener(Event. INIT , null) ;

    }

    public void click(Element element) {// element自己新建一个bean，或者改成Map／Object即可

        System. out.println( "EventSource click!element=" + JSON. toJSONString(element)) ;

        notifyListener(Event. CLICK , element) ;

    }

    public void destory() {

        System. out.println( "EventSource destory!") ;

        notifyListener(Event. DESTORY , null) ;

    }

    private void notifyListener( int eventCode , Object data) {

        Set<Listener> listenerSet = eventListenerMap.get(eventCode) ;

        if (listenerSet != null && !listenerSet.isEmpty()) {

            Event event = new Event(eventCode , data) ;

            listenerSet.forEach(listener -> listener.onEventAttach( event)) ;

        }

    }

}

4. 演示代码

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        EventSource source = new EventSource() ;

        Element element1 = new Element( "btn_query" , "查询" , "查询1") ;

        Element element2 = new Element( "a_baidu" , "跳转百度" , " www.baidu.com ") ;

        Listener all = new AllEventListener() ;

        Listener clickListener = new ClickListener() ;

        source.bind(clickListener , Event. CLICK) ;

        source.bind(all , Arrays. asList(Event. INIT , Event. CLICK , Event. DESTORY)) ;

        source.init() ;

        source.click(element1) ;

        source.click(element2) ;

        source.destory() ;

    }

}

输出如下：

EventSource create!

EventSource init!

AllEventListener onEventAttach,event={"code":0}

EventSource click!element={"id":"btn_query","name":"查询","value":"查询1"}

ClickListener onEventAttach, event={"code":1,"source":{"id":"btn_query","name":"查询","value":"查询1"}}

AllEventListener onEventAttach,event={"code":1,"source":{"id":"btn_query","name":"查询","value":"查询1"}}

EventSource click!element={"id":"a_baidu","name":"跳转百度","value":" www.baidu.com"}

ClickListener onEventAttach, event={"code":1,"source":{"id":"a_baidu","name":"跳转百度","value":" www.baidu.com"}}

AllEventListener onEventAttach,event={"code":1,"source":{"id":"a_baidu","name":"跳转百度","value":" www.baidu.com"}}

EventSource destory!

AllEventListener onEventAttach,event={"code":-1}