/dev/shm参数 及 ORA-00845

参考文档： https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10839/appc_linux.htm#UNXAR327

查看/dev/shm ,大小是1.2G

[oracle@test shm]$ df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_root
                       50G   30G   18G  63% /
tmpfs                 1.5G  318M  1.2G  22% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M  127M  322M  29% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_home
                      6.4G  2.9G  3.2G  48% /home

原来的oracle  内存是1G， 现在分配到1.5G。 大于/dev/shm的1.2G 

SYS@test>alter system set memory_max_target=1500M scope=spfile;

System altered.

SYS@test>alter system set memory_target=1500M scope=spfile;

System altered.

SYS@test>shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

启动Oracle，提示错误 

SYS@test>startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SYS@test>!oerr ora 00845
00845, 00000, "MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system"
// *Cause: The MEMORY_TARGET parameter was not supported on this operating system or /dev/shm was not sized correctly on Linux.
// *Action: Refer to documentation for a list of supported operating systems. Or, size /dev/shm to be at least the SGA_MAX_SIZE on each Oracle instance running on the system.

SYS@test>

查看/dev/shm ,大小是1.5G 

[root@test ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_root
                       50G   30G   18G  63% /
tmpfs                 1.5G   72K  1.5G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M  127M  322M  29% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_home
                      6.4G  2.9G  3.2G  48% /home
[root@test ~]# 

修正/dev/shm 到2g ，然后启动oracle，可以启动 

[root@test ~]# mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=2g /dev/shm


SYS@test>startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1570009088 bytes
Fixed Size		    2253584 bytes
Variable Size		  939527408 bytes
Database Buffers	  620756992 bytes
Redo Buffers		    7471104 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SYS@test>

关闭掉db，重启OS。/dev/shm又恢复到了原来的状态

[root@test ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_root
                       50G   30G   18G  63% /
tmpfs                 1.5G   72K  1.5G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M  127M  322M  29% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_home
                      6.4G  2.9G  3.2G  48% /home
[root@test ~]# 

 修改/etc/fstab

[root@test ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Dec 11 15:30:06 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_root /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=4edfa712-e456-4570-98a9-0035db32f1d5 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_home /home                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   size=2g        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
[root@test ~]# 

再次启动OS和oracle，/dev/shm 永久性的是2G了 

Last login: Fri Feb 16 19:40:51 2018 from 192.168.2.240
[root@test ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_root
                       50G   30G   18G  63% /
tmpfs                 2.0G   72K  2.0G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M  127M  322M  29% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_test-lv_home
                      6.4G  2.9G  3.2G  48% /home
[root@test ~]# 

SYS@test>startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1570009088 bytes
Fixed Size		    2253584 bytes
Variable Size		  989859056 bytes
Database Buffers	  570425344 bytes
Redo Buffers		    7471104 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SYS@test>show parameter mem

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
hi_shared_memory_address	     integer	 0
memory_max_target		     big integer 1504M
memory_target			     big integer 1504M
shared_memory_address		     integer	 0
SYS@test>

End 

--- 补充

参考文档：

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10839/appc_linux.htm#UNXAR333

B.6 Allocating Shared Resources

To use the MEMORY_TARGET or MEMORY_MAX_TARGET feature, the following kernel parameters must be modified.

• /dev/shm mount point should be equal in size or larger than the value of SGA_MAX_SIZE, if set, or should be set to be at least MEMORY_TARGET or MEMORY_MAX_TARGET, whichever is larger. For example, with MEMORY_MAX_TARGET=4GB only set, to create a 4GB system on the /dev/shm mount point:

  • Run the following command as the root user:

    # mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=4g /dev/shm
    

  • Ensure that the in-memory file system is mounted when the system restarts, add an entry in the /etc/fstab file similar to the following:

      tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=4g 0