SpringBoot入门学习（六） ---Eureka注册中心(SpringCloud-1)

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 15:55:22 发布

Fuly1024

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 15:55:22 发布

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Eureka注册中心理解起来就像是Dubbo的远程调用（RPC）一样。只是Eureka是用http协议。
rpc和Http比较
速度来看，RPC要比http更快，虽然底层都是TCP，但是http协议的信息往往比较臃肿，不过可以采用gzip压缩。
难度来看，RPC实现较为复杂，http相对比较简单
灵活性来看，http更胜一筹，因为它不关心实现细节，跨平台、跨语言。
因此，两者都有不同的使用场景：
如果对效率要求更高，并且开发过程使用统一的技术栈，那么用RPC还是不错的。
如果需要更加灵活，跨语言、跨平台，显然http更合适

下面是一个简单的基于Eurka的例子:
创建一个maven工程:
pom配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>to.fuly.eurekademo</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>user-service</module>
        <module>customer</module>
        <module>EurekaServer</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <!-- SpringCloud版本，是最新的F系列 -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- spring cloud-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

maven工程中创建EurekaServer
pom配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>eureka-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>to.fuly.eurekademo</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>EurekaServer</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <!-- SpringCloud版本，是最新的F系列 -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Eureka服务端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- SpringCloud依赖，一定要放到dependencyManagement中，起到管理版本的作用即可 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

</project>

application.yml配置文件

server:
  port: 10086 # 端口
spring:
  application:
  name: Eureka-Server

eureka:
  client:
    service-url: # EurekaServer的地址，现在是自己的地址，如果是集群，需要加上其它Server的地址。
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka

  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    ip-address: 127.0.0.1
  #register-with-eureka: false # 是否注册自己的信息到EurekaServer，默认是true
  #fetch-registry: false # 是否拉取其它服务的信息，默认是true

java项目文件

package top.fuly.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer  // 声明这个应用是一个EurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Eureka文件
在这里插入图片描述
浏览器中可查看

创建一个服务模块 服务提供者
pom配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>eureka-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>to.fuly.eurekademo</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>


    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

yml文件

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: userserver
eureka:
  client:
    service-url: # EurekaServer的地址，现在是自己的地址，如果是集群，需要加上其它Server的地址。
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka

java文件

package top.fuly.controller;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class UserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

and

package top.fuly.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserServiceController {

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public String getController(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return "UserServiceController"+id ;
    }

}

浏览器中可以查看启动正常
在这里插入图片描述
Eureka服务器端可以查看注册成功

创建一个消费者模块
pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>eureka-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>to.fuly.eurekademo</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>customer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.minidev</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-smart</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

yml文件

server:
  port: 9090
spring:
  application:
       name: customer
eureka:
    client:
      service-url: # EurekaServer的地址，现在是自己的地址，如果是集群，需要加上其它Server的地址。
        defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka
        fetch-registry: false

java文件

package top.fuly.customer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class CustomerApplication {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        // 这次我们使用了OkHttp客户端,只需要注入工厂即可
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CustomerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

package top.fuly.customer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class CustomerController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;// Eureka客户端，可以获取到服务实例信息



    @RequestMapping("/customer")
    public String queryUserById(){
      //  String url = "http://localhost:8081/user/7" ;
        List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("userserver");
        if(instances.isEmpty())
        {
            System.out.println(discoveryClient.getServices().toString());
            return "error";
        }
        ServiceInstance instance = instances.get(0);

        String url = "http://"+instance.getHost() + ":" + instance.getPort()+"/user/7/";
        System.out.println(url);
        return this.restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
    }
}

启动在Eureka中可以查看注册成功
在这里插入图片描述
访问customer

注意:
1\启动Eureka时会报 com.netflix.discovery.shared.transport.TransportException: Cannot execute request on any known server
这是Eureka在注册自己,第一次注册自己的时候,自己的服务并没有启动.后面就不会抱着个错了.
2\ 配置yml时需要注意段落,如果对应出问题的话,会识别不到的.yml中的配置有些是不生效的,在application.properties中会好些